Clinical and experimental otorhinolaryngology · 2025
Responses of Nasal Polyp-Derived Macrophages to Inflammatory Cues and Potential Pathological Roles in Type 2 Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps.
СтатьяНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Cha Hyunkyung, Jo Ara, Lim Hee-Suk, Eun Kyoung Mi, Park Jin-A, Hong Seung-No, Kim Dae Woo
Аннотация
OBJECTIVES: The role of highly plastic and heterogeneous macrophages in the pathogenesis of nasal polyps (NP) is not well understood. We aimed to investigate the distribution and responses of NP-derived macrophages to inflammatory cues according to endotypes of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP).
METHODS: The distribution of macrophage subsets was analyzed using NP bulk RNA sequencing data with CIBERSORTx program. The cytokines and chemokines produced by NP-derived macrophages following stimulation with interleukin (IL)-4, staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB), and lipopolysaccharide were evaluated using a multiplex cytokine assay. Immunofluorescence staining in NP tissues was conducted to validate the findings.
RESULTS: Type 2 CRSwNP exhibited a significantly higher proportion of M2 macrophages, whereas both M1 and M2 macrophage populations were elevated in non-type 2 CRSwNP. Baseline cytokine analysis of NP-derived macrophages revealed an increase in thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) levels in CRSwNP compared to controls. Furthermore, TSLP expression was significantly upregulated from baseline levels following IL-4 or SEB stimulation in type 2 CRSwNP. Notably, IL-4 stimulation led to an increase in oncostatin M (OSM) only in type 2 CRSwNP. Additionally, the number and proportion of TSLP- and OSM-expressing cells among CD163-positive cells were significantly higher in the NP of type 2 CRSwNP patients.
CONCLUSION: NP-derived macrophages from type 2 CRSwNP exhibit elevated expression of TSLP and OSM in response to IL-4 or SEB, potentially contributing to the pathophysiology of type 2 CRSwNP.
METHODS: The distribution of macrophage subsets was analyzed using NP bulk RNA sequencing data with CIBERSORTx program. The cytokines and chemokines produced by NP-derived macrophages following stimulation with interleukin (IL)-4, staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB), and lipopolysaccharide were evaluated using a multiplex cytokine assay. Immunofluorescence staining in NP tissues was conducted to validate the findings.
RESULTS: Type 2 CRSwNP exhibited a significantly higher proportion of M2 macrophages, whereas both M1 and M2 macrophage populations were elevated in non-type 2 CRSwNP. Baseline cytokine analysis of NP-derived macrophages revealed an increase in thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) levels in CRSwNP compared to controls. Furthermore, TSLP expression was significantly upregulated from baseline levels following IL-4 or SEB stimulation in type 2 CRSwNP. Notably, IL-4 stimulation led to an increase in oncostatin M (OSM) only in type 2 CRSwNP. Additionally, the number and proportion of TSLP- and OSM-expressing cells among CD163-positive cells were significantly higher in the NP of type 2 CRSwNP patients.
CONCLUSION: NP-derived macrophages from type 2 CRSwNP exhibit elevated expression of TSLP and OSM in response to IL-4 or SEB, potentially contributing to the pathophysiology of type 2 CRSwNP.