Synchronous mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma in a married couple: a case report.

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma represents an indolent form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, predominantly arising in the gastrointestinal tract, particularly the stomach, with rare occurrences reported in the urinary tract. Its etiology is closely associated with chronic antigenic stimulation, commonly linked to persistent infections such as H. pylori, autoimmune conditions, or underlying genetic susceptibility. This report details a unique case of a married couple diagnosed with primary MALT lymphoma at separate anatomical sites-ileocecal region in the husband and urethra in the wife-within a span of one year. Both individuals attained complete remission following rituximab-based immunotherapy, supplemented by radiotherapy in wife case. The development of lymphoma in married couples, whether presenting with identical or distinct pathological subtypes, is exceptionally uncommon and frequently suggests potential shared environmental or infectious exposures.