Dataset on the evaluation of an ELISA assay using Yersinia pseudotuberculosis O-antigen for serodiagnosis in comparison with agglutination antibody test.

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis is an enteric pathogen that causes a variety of symptoms as well as enterocolitis and has been implicated as a potential infectious trigger of Kawasaki disease. The pathogen exhibits complex epidemiological and immunological characteristics that vary by region and host species. Conventional diagnostic methods such as culture and agglutination antibody assay with O-antigens have limitations in sensitivity, specificity, and interpretability. To address these issues, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) using Y. pseudotuberculosis O-antigens have been developed to enable quantitative serodiagnosis. This study provides a dataset for evaluating an indirect ELISA using purified Y. pseudotuberculosis O-antigens. A total of 49 archived serum samples previously collected from suspected Y. pseudotuberculosis cases were analysed. Fifteen O-antigens representing major serogroups were evaluated, and ELISA results were compared with traditional agglutination antibody assay results. Diagnostic performance was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, including the calculation of sensitivity and specificity. Cutoffs were also determined using the mean + 2 standard deviation approach. The dataset demonstrates antigen-dependent ELISA reactivity and the diagnostic performance. Antigen-specific ROC analyses and performance metrics are provided for all tested O-antigens, together with an additional analysis of the composite analytical variable (O2abc). These data could facilitate the development, optimization, and standardization of O-antigen-based serological assays for the diagnosis of Y. pseudotuberculosis infection.