Respiratory medicine case reports · 2026
Early-onset multisystem Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis with pulmonary and cutaneous involvement in a 3.5-month-old infant: A case report.
Клинический случайСтатьяНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Khazaei Narges, Shirzadi Ruhollah, Mirlohi Seyed Hossein
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare clonal proliferative disorder characterized by the accumulation of Langerhans-type dendritic cells in various tissues, including the lungs and skin [1]. One of the major challenges in this disease is its early diagnosis, the most important reason being that pulmonary involvement is rare in this disease. [2].
CASE PRESENTATION: A 3.5-month-old male infant presented to the emergency department of a children's hospital with symptoms of respiratory distress, mild fever, and vesicular-pustular skin lesions. Imaging studies revealed diffuse interstitial lung disease with bronchiectasis and cystic changes. Skin biopsy was positive for immunohistochemical markers CD1a and S-100, confirming the diagnosis of LCH. The patient initially required invasive mechanical ventilation and was subsequently managed with noninvasive mechanical ventilation and systemic corticosteroids, resulting in clinical improvement.
CONCLUSION: Considering the patient presented, attention should be paid to Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis in infants who present with respiratory distress and skin lesions to enable early diagnosis and timely intervention.
CASE PRESENTATION: A 3.5-month-old male infant presented to the emergency department of a children's hospital with symptoms of respiratory distress, mild fever, and vesicular-pustular skin lesions. Imaging studies revealed diffuse interstitial lung disease with bronchiectasis and cystic changes. Skin biopsy was positive for immunohistochemical markers CD1a and S-100, confirming the diagnosis of LCH. The patient initially required invasive mechanical ventilation and was subsequently managed with noninvasive mechanical ventilation and systemic corticosteroids, resulting in clinical improvement.
CONCLUSION: Considering the patient presented, attention should be paid to Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis in infants who present with respiratory distress and skin lesions to enable early diagnosis and timely intervention.