Frontiers in public health · 2026
Temporal trends in the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease, 1980-2024: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
СтатьяСистематический обзорМетаанализНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Hu Mengqi, Sun Zhiyuan, Mao Dewei, Tian Xuewen, Shang Qinghui
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the primary cause of dementia and represents a significant public health concern in aging populations. Existing evidence indicates geographic and sex-related differences in AD prevalence; however, comparability across time periods and diagnostic criteria is limited, and data from lower-resource regions remain scarce. This study synthesized evidence on reported AD prevalence from 1980 to 2024 and examined temporal, geographic, demographic, and methodological variation.
METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase were systematically searched from inception to December 31, 2024, for observational studies reporting AD prevalence in general or community-based populations. Eligible studies reported prevalence estimates with 95% confidence intervals or provided sufficient data for calculation. Studies with sample sizes below 100 and non-original reports were excluded. Two reviewers independently screened studies and extracted data; disagreements were resolved by a third reviewer. Pooled reported prevalence was estimated using a random-effects model. The review was prospectively registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251111597).
RESULTS: Fifty-two studies from 19 countries met the inclusion criteria. The pooled reported prevalence of AD was 4.43 per 100 population (95% CI 3.47-5.50). Prevalence was higher among females (4.65 per 100, 95% CI 3.37-6.13) than males (2.30 per 100, 95% CI 1.71-2.97). By survey period, reported prevalence was 3.52 per 100 for 1980-1989, 4.21 for 1990-1999, 4.12 for 2000-2009, and 6.78 for 2010-2024. Adjusted meta-regression did not identify a significant association between survey year and reported prevalence. Estimates also varied by WHO region, Human Development Index (HDI) level, sample size, and study design.
CONCLUSIONS: Reported AD prevalence was substantial and varied by demographic, geographic, and methodological factors. Although prevalence was highest in the most recent survey period, meta-regression did not indicate a consistent global increase over time. Given the extremely high between-study heterogeneity, these findings should be interpreted with caution. More standardized, age-comparable, and geographically representative studies are needed, particularly in underrepresented and lower-resource settings.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420251111597, identifier CRD420251111597.
METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase were systematically searched from inception to December 31, 2024, for observational studies reporting AD prevalence in general or community-based populations. Eligible studies reported prevalence estimates with 95% confidence intervals or provided sufficient data for calculation. Studies with sample sizes below 100 and non-original reports were excluded. Two reviewers independently screened studies and extracted data; disagreements were resolved by a third reviewer. Pooled reported prevalence was estimated using a random-effects model. The review was prospectively registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251111597).
RESULTS: Fifty-two studies from 19 countries met the inclusion criteria. The pooled reported prevalence of AD was 4.43 per 100 population (95% CI 3.47-5.50). Prevalence was higher among females (4.65 per 100, 95% CI 3.37-6.13) than males (2.30 per 100, 95% CI 1.71-2.97). By survey period, reported prevalence was 3.52 per 100 for 1980-1989, 4.21 for 1990-1999, 4.12 for 2000-2009, and 6.78 for 2010-2024. Adjusted meta-regression did not identify a significant association between survey year and reported prevalence. Estimates also varied by WHO region, Human Development Index (HDI) level, sample size, and study design.
CONCLUSIONS: Reported AD prevalence was substantial and varied by demographic, geographic, and methodological factors. Although prevalence was highest in the most recent survey period, meta-regression did not indicate a consistent global increase over time. Given the extremely high between-study heterogeneity, these findings should be interpreted with caution. More standardized, age-comparable, and geographically representative studies are needed, particularly in underrepresented and lower-resource settings.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420251111597, identifier CRD420251111597.