[Analysis of the clinical characteristics of 45 cases of autoimmune liver disease in the Xizang population].

Objective: To explore the clinical, biochemical, immunological, and treatment characteristics of autoimmune liver disease in the Xizang population so as to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment in this region. Methods: Clinical data from 45 Xizang patients with autoimmune liver disease admitted to the People's Hospital of the Xizang Autonomous Region between January 2023 and August 2025 were retrospectively collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics at a single center.Intergroup comparisons were performed using the χ2 test, Fisher's exact test, and Kruskal-Wallis H test. Results: Of the 45 patients, 38 were female (84.44%), with a male-to-female ratio of 1.00∶5.43. The average age of onset was 51.71±12.59 years, with 66.67% aged ≥45 years. Thirty-one patients (68.89%) had autoimmune hepatitis, 12 (26.67%) had primary biliary cholangitis, 2 (4.44%) had primary sclerosing cholangitis, and 2 had autoimmune hepatitis-primary biliary cholangitis overlap syndrome. Jaundice, pruritus, and fatigue were observed in 57.78% of patients, while 42.22% were already in the decompensated stage of cirrhosis at diagnosis. 28.89% had concurrent Sjögren's syndrome. The autoimmune hepatitis group had the highest levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and immunoglobulin G, while the primary sclerosing cholangitis group had the highest alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels, with statistically significant differences among the groups (P<0.05). The positivity rate of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) was 100%, with titers≥1∶320. The positivity rate of the antimitochondrial antibody M2 subtype was 100% in the primary biliary cholangitis group. Ursodeoxycholic acid, hepatoprotective agents, glucocorticoids, and immunosuppressants were the primary treatments. The combination of glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants had yielded the highest remission rate. Conclusion: Autoimmune liver disease is more common among middle-aged and elderly Xizang women. Autoimmune hepatitis accounts for a higher proportion than primary biliary cholangitis, with an insidious onset, delayed diagnosis, and a high prevalence of liver cirrhosis. The spectrum of autoantibodies and biochemical markers hold diagnostic significance, while early-stage screening and standardized immunotherapy may improve prognosis.