Virology · 2026
Low-dose multivalent COVID-19 mRNA vaccines enhance broadly cross-reactive antibodies and protective immune responses of co-administered protein-based vaccines.
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Liu Rong, Patterson Lila D, Yeasmin Mahmuda, Kim Ki-Hye, Park Bo Ryoung, Bhatnagar Noopur, Raha Jannatul Ruhan, Grovenstein Phillip, Pal Surya Sekhar, Le Chau Thuy Tien, Shin Chong Hyun, Du Lanying, Kumar Mukesh, Kang Sang-Moo
Аннотация
Monovalent and high-dose mRNA vaccines might be associated with limited efficacy and adverse effects, respectively. This study investigated whether a combination of low-dose multivalent mRNA and spike proteins of multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants would enhance broader cross-reactive IgG antibodies and neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2. A low-dose of trivalent mRNA vaccines elicited broadly cross-reactive binding IgG antibodies and receptor-binding inhibition activity against various SARS-CoV-2 variants at higher levels than a high-dose monovalent mRNA vaccine. A combination of low-dose trivalent mRNA and spike proteins of multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants further increased the levels of cross-reactive IgG antibodies and neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2. Furthermore, coadministration of low doses of SARS-CoV-2 spike mRNA with inactivated split influenza vaccines significantly enhanced immunogenicity and efficacy against influenza.