[Advances in injection of botulinum toxin in dysphagia and associated diseases].

Dysphagia is a prevalent complication associated with a spectrum of neurological disorders and head and neck pathologies, profoundly compromising patients' quality of life. Botulinum toxin（BTX）, through its inhibition of acetylcholine release at the neuromuscular junction, precisely attenuates the tonicity of the upper esophageal sphincter（UES）, thereby emerging as a pivotal minimally invasive intervention for dysphagia. This article offers a comprehensive review of BTX applications in the management of dysphagia and related conditions, covering injection techniques, therapeutic efficacy, and safety profiles, with the aim of providing evidence-based guidance for clinical practice.