Aspergillus mycetoma of the maxillary sinus secondary to overfilling of a root canal.

In nonimmunocompromised patients aspergillosis of the paranasal sinuses is a relatively rare disease. Root canal treated teeth with overextension of the root canal sealer or solid materials such as gutta-percha or silver cones into the sinus might be the main etiological factor for aspergillosis of the maxillary sinus in healthy patients. Root-filling materials based zinc oxide-eugenol is considered to be a growth factor for aspergillus. Aspergillus fumigatus needs heavy metals such as zinc oxide for proliferation and metabolism. Prognostic and histological studies showed that instrumentation and obturation should not extend beyond the apical foramen. When the sealer and/or gutta-percha is extruded within the sinus, this produce an inflammatory reaction and then Aspergillus growth. We report one case of healthy 60-yr-old male with overextension of root canal sealer in maxillary sinus. After surgical procedure, microscopic examination revealed aspergillosis. Overextension into the maxillary sinus with root canal cements has to be avoided.