Uncovering the Pleomorphic Hyalinizing Angiectatic Tumor: A Case Series and Literature Review.

BACKGROUND &

OBJECTIVE

Pleomorphic hyalinizing angiectatic tumor (PHAT) is a rare fibrohistiocytic neoplasm, classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a "neoplasm of uncertain behavior of connective or soft tissue" within the soft tissue and bone tumor group. A literature review via Scopus and PubMed revealed approximately 133 reported cases worldwide, affecting individuals aged 10 to 86 years, with a slight female predominance and wide anatomical distribution.

CASE PRESENTATION: We report a series of 4 PHAT cases, the first from India and the fourth largest globally. The cases include a 37-year-old male with a large upper abdominal wall mass, a 46-year-old male with a forearm swelling, a 36-year-old female with a lower leg mass, and a 40-year-old male with a lower abdominal mass. Histopathology showed characteristic features, including ectatic vessels, hyalinization, and pleomorphic spindle cells.

CONCLUSION

Given its rarity and histologic overlap with other tumors, increased awareness and accurate histopathological diagnosis of PHAT are essential.