Lymphocytic Hypereosinophilic Syndrome Evolving to Fatal Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: Cytokine Signatures.

BACKGROUND

This study documents a rare case of lymphocytic variant hypereosinophilic syndrome (L-HES) [1], progressing to fatal hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH).

METHODS

A 70-year-old female with eosinophilia (85.6%) underwent cytokine profiling, flow cytometry, and bone marrow examination.

RESULTS

A Th2-to-Th1 cytokine shift (IL-5↓/IFN-γ↑) preceded HLH onset. Despite therapy, the patient succumbed to refractory disease.

CONCLUSIONS

Cytokine monitoring may predict L-HES-to-HLH transformation, suggesting JAK inhibitors for high-risk cases.