A practical guide for colour-vision examination: report of the Standardization Committee of the International Research Group on Colour-Vision Deficiencies.

There are different types and degrees of colour deficiency and some types of defect occur more frequently than others. Several different techniques are used for examining colour vision and many different tests are available commercially. Clinical tests have three aims: to screen for colour deficiency, to diagnose or classify the type of defect and to grade the severity of the defect. Individual tests do not fulfil all three aims and a test battery is recommended for any detailed colour-vision examination or for giving occupational advice. This paper provides information about congenital and acquired colour-vision defects and lists the principal colour-vision tests. Standardized test methods and viewing conditions are described. The efficiency of each test, for screening, diagnosis and grading is indicated and appropriate test batteries are recommended for different testing requirements.