Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2026
Breast Cancer Follow-Up and Surveillance After Primary Treatment: ASCO Guideline Update.
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Nahleh Zeina, Alfano Catherine M, Somerfield Mark R, Lee Janie M, Hieken Tina J, Magnuson Allison, Rao Ruta D, Chew Helen K, Chia Stephen K L, Harvey Brittany E, Landsberger Ellen, Lim Bora, Mwanzi Sitna Ali, Parsons Heather A, Patt Debra, Sukumar Jasmine S, Sung Hyuna, Werutsky Gustavo, Lustberg Maryam
Аннотация
UNLABELLED: ASCO Guidelines provide recommendations with comprehensive review and analyses of the relevant literature for each recommendation, following the guideline development process as outlined in the https://www.asco.org/practice-patients/guidelines/guideline-methodology. ASCO Guidelines follow the https://www.asco.org/about-asco/legal/conflict-interest-coi.Clinical Practice Guidelines and other guidance ("Guidance") provided by ASCO is not a comprehensive or definitive guide to treatment options. It is intended for voluntary use by clinicians and should be used in conjunction with independent professional judgment. Guidance may not be applicable to all patients, interventions, diseases or stages of diseases. Guidance is based on review and analysis of relevant literature, and is not intended as a statement of the standard of care. ASCO does not endorse third-party drugs, devices, services, or therapies and assumes no responsibility for any harm arising from or related to the use of this information. See complete disclaimer in Appendix 1 and Appendix 2 (online only) for more.
PURPOSE: To offer clinicians recommendations concerning breast cancer follow-up and surveillance after primary treatment.
METHODS: ASCO convened an Expert Panel to develop recommendations based on a systematic review and a formal consensus process.
RESULTS: One randomized controlled trial (RCT) was identified and formed the evidentiary basis for the surveillance mammography guideline recommendation. No RCTs were identified that evaluated different follow-up approaches by risk of relapse in patients treated for early-stage breast cancer. Given the dearth of evidence identified in the systematic review of the literature, formal modified Delphi consensus-based recommendations were generated.
RECOMMENDATIONS: The guideline offers recommendations on the role of a risk-based approach to the frequency and intensity of follow-up among patients with breast cancer in the adjuvant setting. Regular history, physical examination, and mammography are recommended for breast cancer follow-up. Either virtual or in-person visits can be offered. Certain patients at a high risk of cancer recurrence warrant closer surveillance, such as those patients with locally advanced disease or residual disease following neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Recommendations on the use of blood-based biomarkers and supplemental imaging are provided. Guideline recommendations will be updated once additional evidence-based tools become available to better individualize surveillance.Additional information is available at www.ascopubs.org/topics/asco-guidelines/breast-cancer.
PURPOSE: To offer clinicians recommendations concerning breast cancer follow-up and surveillance after primary treatment.
METHODS: ASCO convened an Expert Panel to develop recommendations based on a systematic review and a formal consensus process.
RESULTS: One randomized controlled trial (RCT) was identified and formed the evidentiary basis for the surveillance mammography guideline recommendation. No RCTs were identified that evaluated different follow-up approaches by risk of relapse in patients treated for early-stage breast cancer. Given the dearth of evidence identified in the systematic review of the literature, formal modified Delphi consensus-based recommendations were generated.
RECOMMENDATIONS: The guideline offers recommendations on the role of a risk-based approach to the frequency and intensity of follow-up among patients with breast cancer in the adjuvant setting. Regular history, physical examination, and mammography are recommended for breast cancer follow-up. Either virtual or in-person visits can be offered. Certain patients at a high risk of cancer recurrence warrant closer surveillance, such as those patients with locally advanced disease or residual disease following neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Recommendations on the use of blood-based biomarkers and supplemental imaging are provided. Guideline recommendations will be updated once additional evidence-based tools become available to better individualize surveillance.Additional information is available at www.ascopubs.org/topics/asco-guidelines/breast-cancer.