[Comparison of treatments for osteoradionecrosis of the jaw and medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw].

Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is an inflammatory and necrotic disease affecting the jawbones. The most prevalent forms include osteoradionecrosis of the jaw (ORNJ) following radiotherapy for head and neck malignancies, and medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) triggered by long-term use of antiresorptive, antiangiogenic, or corticosteroid agents. Although clinicians have explored diverse modalities, including pharmacotherapy, hyperbaric oxygen, and surgical intervention and several international guidelines have been published, a universal "gold standard" for ONJ management remains elusive. Significant challenges persist regarding the selection of treatment modalities for different disease stages, the timing of surgical intervention, and the restoration of jaw function. This review focuses on these clinical dilemmas, summarizes recent therapeutic advances to provide a refined reference for clinical decision-making.