Sex-dependent differences in vulnerability to early risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder: results from the AURORA study.
Обработка статьи · этапы, ошибки и управление
Ошибки и ограничения
История · было → стало
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Haering Stephanie, Seligowski Antonia V, Linnstaedt Sarah D, Michopoulos Vasiliki, House Stacey L, Beaudoin Francesca L, An Xinming, Neylan Thomas C, Clifford Gari D, Germine Laura T, Rauch Scott L, Haran John P, Storrow Alan B, Lewandowski Christopher, Musey Paul I, Hendry Phyllis L, Sheikh Sophia, Jones Christopher W, Punches Brittany E, Swor Robert A, Gentile Nina T, Hudak Lauren A, Pascual Jose L, Seamon Mark J, Pearson Claire, Peak David A, Merchant Roland C, Domeier Robert M, Rathlev Niels K, O'Neil Brian J, Sanchez Leon D, Bruce Steven E, Harte Steven E, McLean Samuel A, Kessler Ronald C, Koenen Karestan C, Stevens Jennifer S, Powers Abigail
Аннотация
METHODS: As part of the longitudinal AURORA study, 2924 patients seeking emergency department (ED) treatment in the acute aftermath of trauma provided self-report assessments of pre- peri- and post-traumatic risk factors, as well as 3-month PTSD severity. We systematically examined sex-dependent effects of 16 risk factors that have previously been hypothesized to show different associations with PTSD severity in women and men.
RESULTS: Women reported higher PTSD severity at 3-months post-trauma. Z-score comparisons indicated that for five of the 16 examined risk factors the association with 3-month PTSD severity was stronger in men than in women. In multivariable models, interaction effects with sex were observed for pre-traumatic anxiety symptoms, and acute dissociative symptoms; both showed stronger associations with PTSD in men than in women. Subgroup analyses suggested trauma type-conditional effects.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate mechanisms to which men might be particularly vulnerable, demonstrating that known PTSD risk factors might behave differently in women and men. Analyses did not identify any risk factors to which women were more vulnerable than men, pointing toward further mechanisms to explain women's higher PTSD risk. Our study illustrates the need for a more systematic examination of sex differences in contributors to PTSD severity after trauma, which may inform refined preventive interventions.