Late complications of repair of tetralogy of Fallot and indications for pulmonary valve replacement.

With increasing follow-up of patients after surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot, the long-term complications of chronic pulmonary regurgitation (PR), ventricular dilation, electrical inhomogeneity and myocardial scarring are becoming apparent. In this article we review the existing literature regarding the deleterious effects of chronic PR in these patients and the current data regarding the timing and mode of intervention.