Analysis of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales Resistance in a Hospital in Kunming Over the Past Two Years.

OBJECTIVE

To examine the species distribution, clinical prevalence, antimicrobial profiles, and carbapenemase phenotypes of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) isolated from a tertiary hospital over the past two years, thereby providing a reference for clinical anti-infection strategies and hospital infection control measures.

METHODS

A retrospective analysis was performed to examine the distribution of CRE strains isolated from inpatients at a tertiary hospital between 2023 and 2024, their resistance profiles to commonly used antibiotics and carbapenemase phenotypes.

RESULTS

A total of 239 distinct CRE strains were identified between 2023 and 2024, predominantly in sputum, urine, and blood samples. The primary species of CRE include Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Proteus mirabilis. These CRE strains were mainly isolated from departments such as geriatrics, intensive care units (ICU), and respiratory medicine. Among the 239 CRE isolates, there was a notably high resistance rate to cephalosporins, enzyme inhibitor combinations, aminoglycosides, and quinolones, exceeding 85%, with carbapenems exhibiting a resistance rate of over 90%. Conversely, the resistance rates to tigecycline, ceftazidime/avibactam, and polymyxin B were 1.26%, 24.24%, and 5.43%, respectively. The majority of strains (74.06%) produced class A serine carbapenemases, specifically the KPC type.

CONCLUSION

The CRE isolation and resistance rates in this hospital are similar to international trends, both showing an upward trend, and comparison with domestic data reveals significant regional differences. CRE infections are difficult to treat and have a high mortality rate. Therefore, to meet the needs of Infection Prevention and Control, it is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of CRE resistance in this institution, contributing to the prevention, control, and clinical management capabilities for infections.