Evaluated Wound Healing Property of Aloe vera-Coated Dextrane Sulfate/Chitosan Nanoparticles Encapsulating Eucalyptus in a Rat Model.

Background/Objectives: A hydrogel with enhanced therapeutic properties was developed using chitosan, dextran sulfate, and Aloe vera-coated nanoparticles encapsulating eucalyptus extract. Methods: The physicochemical characteristics of the synthesized nanoparticles were evaluated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and antibacterial activity assays. The in vitro release profile of Eucalyptus staigeriana extract was assessed at physiological pH 7.4, and the in vivo wound healing performance was subsequently investigated in a rat model. Results: The results indicated that the nanocarrier system provided a controlled and sustained release of eucalyptus extract. Aloe vera-coated dextran sulfate/chitosan nanoparticles encapsulating E. staigeriana inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus by 40%. Moreover, animals treated with Aloe vera @ DX/CS/EE nanoparticles exhibited markedly improved wound contraction, with mean reductions of 27.45%, 19.18%, 18.12%, and 7.03% compared with the control, DX/CS nanoparticles, Aloe vera @ DX/CS nanoparticles, and DX/CS/EE nanoparticles groups, respectively. Histological analysis further confirmed that treatment with Aloe vera @ DX/CS/EE nanoparticles led to superior tissue organization and accelerated dermal regeneration. Conclusions: Overall, the dextran sulfate/chitosan hydrogel coated with Aloe vera and loaded with eucalyptus extract demonstrates strong potential as an effective wound dressing material capable of enhancing healing outcomes.