Childhood and adolescence factors and multiple sclerosis: results from the German National Cohort (NAKO).
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Holz Anja, Obi Nadia, Ahrens Wolfgang, Berger Klaus, Bohn Barbara, Brenner Hermann, Fischer Beate, Fricke Julia, Führer Amand, Gastell Sylvia, Greiser Karin Halina, Harth Volker, Heise Jana-Kristin, Holleczek Bernd, Keil Thomas, Klett-Tammen Carolina J, Leitzmann Michael, Lieb Wolfgang, Meinke-Franze Claudia, Michels Karin B, Mikolajczyk Rafael, Nimptsch Katharina, Peters Annette, Pischon Tobias, Riedel Oliver, Schikowski Tamara, Schipf Sabine, Schmidt Börge, Schulze Matthias B, Stang Andreas, Hellwig Kerstin, Riemann-Lorenz Karin, Heesen Christoph, Becher Heiko
Аннотация
METHODS: Data from the baseline assessment of the German National Cohort (NAKO) were used to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between childhood and adolescence factors and risk of MS. Analyses stratified by sex were conducted.
RESULTS: Among a total of 204,273 participants, 858 reported an MS diagnosis. Male sex was associated with a decreased MS risk (HR 0.48; 95% CI 0.41-0.56), while overweight (HR 2.03; 95% CI 1.41-2.94) and obesity (HR 1.89; 95% CI 1.02-3.48) at 18 years of age compared to normal weight were associated with increased MS risk. Having been breastfed for ≤ 4 months was associated with a decreased MS risk in men (HR 0.59; 95% CI 0.40-0.86) compared to no breastfeeding. No association with MS risk was observed for the remaining factors.
CONCLUSIONS: Apart from overweight and obesity at the age of 18 years, we did not observe considerable associations with MS risk. The proportion of cases that can be explained by childhood and adolescence factors examined in this study was low. Further investigations of the association between the onset of overweight and obesity in childhood and adolescence and its interaction with physical activity and MS risk seem worthwhile.