Association Between Body Roundness Index and Periodontitis in Adults With Hypertension: A Cross-Sectional Study.

OBJECTIVES

The association between body roundness index (BRI) and periodontitis among US adults with hypertension remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between BRI and periodontitis in this population.

MATERIAL AND

METHODS

This cross-sectional study included 4117 adults with hypertension from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009-2014. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the association between BRI and periodontitis. Generalized additive models and two-piecewise regression models were applied to explore potential nonlinearity and threshold effects. Stratified analyses across covariate-defined subgroups and sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate the robustness of the findings.

RESULTS

After adjustment for covariates, BRI was significantly associated with periodontitis. When BRI was analyzed by quartiles, participants in the highest quartile had significantly higher odds of periodontitis than those in the lowest quartile in both Model I (OR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.05-1.54, p = 0.0122) and Model II (OR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.03-1.53, p = 0.0258). A nonlinear association was observed between BRI and periodontitis. The log-likelihood ratio test was statistically significant (p < 0.05), and the inflection point was estimated to be approximately 6. At or above this point, the OR for the association between BRI and periodontitis was 1.09 (95% CI: 1.04-1.15, p = 0.0006), whereas below this point, the corresponding OR was 0.94 (95% CI: 0.87-1.02, p = 0.1209). Sensitivity analyses yielded results that were broadly consistent with the primary findings.

CONCLUSIONS

Among US adults with hypertension, BRI was associated with periodontitis, and the association was nonlinear.