Результаты поиска

Экстренные ситуации в гематологии: Почему, когда и как я лечусь?

Гематологические чрезвычайные ситуации являются критическими медицинскими условиями, требующими неотложного внимания в силу их быстрого развития и опасного для жизни характера. В качестве примера можно привести гиперкальцемию, которая часто ассоциируется с раком, таким как множественная миелома, что может привести к серьезной неврологической и сердечной дисфункции. Гиперлейкоцитоз, распространенный в острой миэлоидной лейкемии, повышает риск лейкостаза и многоорганического отказа. Кислородный кризис, обычное осложнение серповидноклеточной болезни, является результатом вазооккуляции, приводящей

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Hematological emergencies are critical medical conditions that require immediate attention due to their rapid progression and life-threateni … nd cardiac dysfunction. Hyperleukocytosis, common in acute myeloid leukemias, increases the risk of leukostasis and multiorgan failure. Sickle cell crisis, a common complication in sickle cell disease, results from vaso-occlusion, leading to acute pain and tissue ischemia. Tumor lysis syndrome, reported in cases of rapid destruction of cancer cells, causes el …

Evaluating pulmonary complications in childhood acute leukemias.

We evaluated the frequency, etiologic factors, outcome, and the comorbid conditions affecting the morbidity and mortality of pulmonary complications in acute childhood leukemia. Sixty-six (40.4%) out of 163 patients developed 79 pulmonary complications. Infectious etiology was the leading cause (92.4%). The most identified infectious agents were Gram (-) bacteria, followed by fungi. Acute respiratory distress syndrome, leukostasis, lymphomatoid granulomatosis, pulmonary edema, and pneumothorax were among the noninfectious causes. The pulmonary complications in the induction and consolidation p…

Experimental studies on the adult respiratory distress syndrome: effects of induced DIC; granulocytes and elastase in mini pigs.

The potential role of granulocyte proteinases on experimentally induced ARDS was evaluated. In order to investigate the acute effects on lung function, elastase (330 U kg-1h-1) or thrombin (75-150 U kg-1 h-1) was continuously infused into anaesthetized and mechanically ventilated mini pigs. Both elastase as well as thrombin induced a progressive respiratory failure with prompt increase in pulmonary vascular resistance, and decrease of cardiac output, further a pulmonary leukostasis, and a disturbance of blood coagulation leading to hypocoagulability. High proteolytic activity selectively in th…

Amniotic fluid activates complement. A role in amniotic fluid embolism syndrome?

A 30-year-old woman died with massive pulmonary microvascular leukostasis immediately after cesarean hysterectomy. We postulated that this might have resulted from amniotic fluid embolization and, therefore, tested amniotic fluids as activators of granulocytes and the plasma complement system. Normal human amniotic fluid failed to aggregate granulocytes, provoke a respiratory burst, or attract the cells chemotactically. However, amniotic fluid activated complement when incubated with normal plasma. The ability to activate complement resided in lipid-rich particulate material in the fluid, and …

The role of the immune system in nevirapine-induced subclinical liver injury of a rat model.

In this study, the role of the immune system in nevirapine- (NVP-) induced subclinical liver injury was investigated by observing for change … jury was characterized by apoptosis and degeneration changes, while, for LPS, it was cell swelling, leukostasis, and portal inflammation. Coadministration of NVP and LPS attenuated NVP-induced liver injury. In conclusion, the immune system is involved in NVP toxicity, and the LPS effects may lay the clue to development of therapeutic strategies against NVP-in …

The role of leukapheresis in managing complications of hyperleukocytosis in pediatric acute leukemia.

INTRODUCTION: Hyperleukocytosis is defined as a white blood cell (WBC) count ≥ 100,000/mm3 and frequently observed in pediatric acute leukem … al manifestations. These findings suggest that leukapheresis may play a supportive role in managing leukostasis-associated complications in pediatric acute leukemia patients presenting with hyperleukocytosis.

Children with chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia: characteristics and outcomes from the International Registry of Childhood CML.

Five hundred and thirty-five patients (median age 12.2 years; range, 8 months to 18 years; N=303 males, N=232 females) diagnosed with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in chronic phase were registered in the International Registry of Childhood CML (clinicaltrials gov. Identifier: NCT01281735). Clinical signs of leukostasis or bleeding were observed in 16.5% and 20% of the patients, respectively. The spleen was palpable in 76% of patients with a median of 9 cm (range, 1-32) below the costal margin. The median leukocyte count was 222x109/L (interquartile range, 95-353). First-line therapy consisted…

Mechanical Regulation of Retinal Vascular Inflammation and Degeneration in Diabetes.

Vascular inflammation is known to cause degeneration of retinal capillaries in early diabetic retinopathy (DR), a major microvascular compli … ease in retinal capillary stiffness, vascular intracellular adhesion molecule-1 overexpression, and leukostasis. Consistent with these anti-inflammatory effects, BAPN treatment of diabetic mice blocked the upregulation of proapoptotic caspase-3 in retinal vessels, which concomitantly reduced retinal capillary degeneration, pericyte ghost formation, and the di …

Blockade of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 prevents inflammation and vascular leakage in diabetic retinopathy.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of blindness in working age adults. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects o … inhibited diabetes-related vascular leakage, leukocytes-endothelial cell (EC) adhesion (or retinal leukostasis), expression of intercellular adhesion molecule- (ICAM-) 1 protein, abnormal localization and degeneration of the tight junction protein zonula occludens- (ZO-) 1, and the cell adhesion protein vascular endothelial (VE) cadherin. In addition, VEGFR1 …

Sudden death due to undiagnosed T lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma in a 5-year-old boy.

Undiagnosed neoplasms in childhood are rare causes of sudden and unexpected death. Deaths due to undiagnosed hematologic malignancies are li … the cerebrum, pons, epicardium, lungs, and thymus were present. Prominent leukemic infiltrates and leukostasis were present in the brain, heart, lungs, spleen, hilar lymph nodes, liver, and kidneys. A peripheral blood smear and automated blood cell count showed a white blood cell count of 435 × 10/L with greater than 80% circulating blasts. Immunohistochemic …

Herbal cardiotonic pills prevent gut ischemia/reperfusion-induced hepatic microvascular dysfunction in rats fed ethanol chronically.

AIM: Cardiotonic Pill (CP), an oral herbal medicine that includes Danshen (Salviae Miltiorrhizae), Panax notoginseny and Dyroblanops aromatica gaertn, has been clinically used for vascular diseases such as occlusive vasculitis, coronary diseases, atherosclerosis, and cerebral infarction. The main component, Salviae Miltiorrhizae, has been reported to prevent cerebral and intestinal reperfusion injury. However, little is known about the effect of CP on hepatic microcirculation. Thus, this study aimed to determine whether CP could affect hepatic microvascular dysfunction elicited by gut ischemia

Vascular cell-adhesion molecule-1 plays a central role in the proangiogenic effects of oxidative stress.

Oxidative stress exacerbates neovascularization (NV) in many disease processes. In this study we investigated the mechanism of that effect. … ess-induced worsening of retinal NV that were abrogated by blockade of VCAM-1 included increases in leukostasis, influx of bone marrow-derived cells, and capillary closure. Compared with ischemia alone, ischemia plus oxidative stress resulted in increased expression of several HIF-1-responsive genes caused in part by VCAM-1-induced worsening of nonperfusion a …

[Chronic myeloid leukemia--a rare cause of labyrinth apoplexy].

BACKGROUND: Cochleovestibular lesions in patients with acute myeloid leukemia or the blastic phase of chronic myeloid leukemia are usually d … creased blood viscosity due to the high white cell count and alterations in the leukocyte rheology (leukostasis syndrome). CONCLUSION: In patients with leukemia and acute cochleovestibular lesions in contrast to other patients with sudden deafness and/or sudden loss of peripheral vestibular function, a combination of chemotherapy and leukopheresis capable of …

Biochemical deciphering of an Atypical methemoglobinemia.

BACKGROUND: Methemoglobin is formed when the iron in hemoglobin is oxidized from the ferrous to the ferric state, preventing oxygen transport. This potentially life-threatening condition requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. METHOD: We report the case of a 30-year-old Senegalese man with newly diagnosed acute leukemia, admitted to the emergency department for suspected leukostasis syndrome. Induction chemotherapy and rasburicase were initiated. Unexpectedly, 24-h later, he developed acute hemolysis and a methemoglobinemia of 17%. RESULTS: Investigation suggested rasburicase-induced methem…

Adiponectin suppresses pathological microvessel formation in retina through modulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha expression.

The fat-derived hormone adiponectin has been shown to have a protective role in macrovascular disorders. However, nothing is known about the … uced pathological retinal neovascularization by 35% in wild-type mice and by 40% in APN-KO mice and leukostasis by 64% in wild-type mice and by 75% in APN-KO mice, which were associated with reduced TNF-alpha production. TNF-alpha blockade diminished the enhanced pathological neovascularization in APN-KO mice by 34%, and the inhibitory effects of adiponectin …

Reduction of circulating granulocytes induced by type 1 pneumococcal cell walls in New Zealand white rabbits.

Granulocytopenia seen during human pneumococcal disease is associated with a worsened prognosis. Streptococcus pneumoniae type 1 reduces circulating granulocytes and induces pulmonary leukostasis in rabbits. We studied which type 1 pneumococcal fraction(s) might be responsible for the reduction in circulating granulocytes. Rabbits were challenged intravenously with nonpyrogenic sterile saline, sonicated type 1 pneumococci, capsular polysaccharide from type 1 pneumococci, or cell walls from type 1 pneumococci. Nonviable pneumococci caused a mean decrease in blood granulocytes of 64% as compared…

Leukapheresis treatment in elderly acute leukemia patients with hyperleukocytosis: A single center experience.

AIM: Leukapheresis is an invasive treatment modality used for hyperleukocytosis. Various drugs and fluids are used during the leukapheresis. … teen patients were 65 years and older. Indications for leukapheresis were determined as symptoms of leukostasis and prophylaxis. Acid citrate dextrose-A, calcium gluconate, and plasma were used during the leukapheresis. Age, sex, diagnosis, count, and indications of leukapheresis procedures, leukocyte count, and lactate dehydrogenase level were analyzed at th …

Hydroxyurea Bridging Before Frontline Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Therapy in Newly Diagnosed Chronic-Phase Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Critical Appraisal.

BACKGROUND: Hydroxyurea-based cytoreduction before tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) initiation remains common in newly diagnosed chronic-phas … a retains a limited role in selected situations such as symptomatic proliferative burden, suspected leukostasis, clinically important thrombocytosis, or short unavoidable logistical delay to TKI initiation.

Management of children and adolescents with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase: International pediatric chronic myeloid leukemia expert panel recommendations.

The treatment strategy for children and adolescents with chronic myeloid leukemia in the chronic phase (CML-CP) has evolved from allogeneic … ps of care of children and adolescents with newly diagnosed CML-CP, including complications such as leukostasis. The treatment recommendations are based on the initiation of therapy with a first- or second-generation TKI according to the allocated European Treatment and Outcome Study (EUTOS) long-term survival score risk group of the patient. The subsequent s …

[Cancer patients in the emergency department].

A growing number of patients are living with cancer or have a history of cancer leading to increasing adverse effects of treatment or diseas … ning complications that may not easily be recognized in the ED. Cancer-specific emergencies such as leukostasis, tumorlysis or hypercalcemia rarely present to ED and require interdisciplinary care. The constantly growing cancer population is likely to increase ED utilization. Knowledge about cancer treatment and disease-associated complications is crucial for …