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[Fatal haemorrhagic rift valley fever: a case at Madagascar].

Rift valley fever (RVF) is a viral zoonosis that can also infect humans. Haemorrhagic RVF is a severe potentially fatal form of the disease. Although haemorrhagic RVF accounts for only 1% of all infections, death occurs in up to 5% of cases. The purpose of this report is describe a severe case of haemorrhagic RVF observed in a 22-year-old cattle breeder admitted to the intensive care units of the Joseph Raseta Befelatanana University Hospitals in Antananarivo. The disease presented as an infectious syndrome but hemorrhagic manifestations developed early (day 2). They consisted of diffuse haemo…

Вспышка лихорадки в долине Рифт - Кения, ноябрь 2006 года - январь 2007 года.

В середине декабря 2006 года в министерство здравоохранения Кении (МЗК) из района Гарисса в северо-восточной провинции (НЕП) поступило несколько сообщений о необъяснимых случаях смерти в результате лихорадки и кровотечения. К 20 декабря было зарегистрировано в общей сложности 11 смертей. Из образцов сыворотки, собранных у первых 19 пациентов, в образцах у 10 пациентов были обнаружены антитела против вируса RVF с помощью вируса RNA или иммуноглобулина M (IgM); все образцы сыворотки были отрицательными для желтой лихорадки, Эболы, геморрагической лихорадки Крыма-Конго и вирусов денге. Вспышка бы

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
In mid-December 2006, several unexplained fatalities associated with fever and generalized bleeding were reported to the Kenya Ministry of Health (KMOH) from Garissa District in North Eastern Province (NEP). By December 20, a total of 11 deaths had been reported. Of serum samples collected from the first 19 patients, Rift Valley fever (RVF) virus RNA or immu…

Spatial risk assessment of Rift Valley fever in Senegal.

Rift Valley fever (RVF) is broadening its geographic range and is increasingly becoming a disease of global importance with potentially severe consequences for human and animal health. We conducted a spatial risk assessment of RVF in Senegal using serologic data from 16,738 animals in 211 locations. Bayesian spatial regression models were developed with interpolated seasonal rainfall, land surface temperature, distance to perennial water bodies, and time of year entered as fixed-effect variables. Average total monthly rainfall during December-February was the most important spatial predictor o…

Genetic reassortment of Rift Valley fever virus in nature.

Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), a phlebovirus of the Bunyaviridae family, is an arthropod-borne virus which emerges periodically throughout Africa, emphasizing that it poses a major threat for animal and human populations. To assess the genetic variability of RVFV, several isolates from diverse localities of Africa were investigated by means of reverse transcription-PCR followed by direct sequencing of a region of the small (S), medium (M), and large (L) genomic segments. Phylogenetic analysis showed the existence of three major lineages corresponding to geographic variants from West Africa, E…

Rift Valley fever in Nigeria: infections in domestic animals.

Between 1986 and 1989, 2,255 sera collected from six domestic animal species in Nigeria were tested for antibodies to Rift Valley fever (RVF) virus. In addition, a longitudinal study was carried out from July 1987 to December 1988, using ten sentinel flocks on four farms at Ibadan and Ile-Ife, to determine the activity of RVF virus (RVFV). All samples were tested for haemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies and positive sera were further screened, using the plaque reduction neutralisation test. Of 2,255 samples, 259 (11.5%) had haemagglutination-inhibiting and neutralising antibodies, as follow…

Protein synthesis in Rift Valley fever virus-infected cells.

Rift Valley fever virus-induced protein synthesis was examined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and fluorography. Five virus-induced polypeptides were detected, the nucleocapsid protein N, the nucleus-associated nonstructural protein NS1, the glycoproteins G1 and G2, and a protein of molecular weight 80K. The N, G1, G2, and 80K proteins were present in virion preparations. Sequential studies showed that NS1 accumulated in the nucleus as soon as it was formed and readily associated with nuclei partitioned from noninfected cells. The G1 and G2 proteins labelled with [3H]glucosamine and [3H]…

Experimental Rift Valley fever in West African Dwarf sheep.

West African Dwarf sheep were challenged with a low mouse brain-passaged Rift Valley fever virus (Ib-AR 55172) isolated from Nigeria. Viraemia, mild febrile reaction and neutralising antibodies were demonstrated in inoculated animals.

Rift Valley fever: A zoonotic disease with global potential.

An arthropod-borne zoonotic disease called "Rift Valley fever (RVF)" spreads widely among ruminant animals and humans. RVF is caused by the RVF Virus (RVFV), a round-enveloped RNA virus belonging to the genus Phlebovirus and family Bunyaviridae. RVF is found exclusively in African nations, and it is primarily associated with high rainfall and dense vector mosquito populations. The virus moves from its initial replication site to vital organs, such as the brain, liver, and spleen, after infection. These organs either recover due to both general and particular host responses, or they are affecte…

Identification of host factors for Rift Valley Fever Phlebovirus.

BACKGROUND: Rift Valley fever phlebovirus (RVFV) is a zoonotic pathogen that causes Rift Valley fever (RVF) in livestock and humans. Currently, there is no licensed human vaccine or antiviral drug to control RVF. Although multiple species of animals and humans are vulnerable to RVFV infection, host factors affecting susceptibility are not well understood. METHODOLOGY: To identify the host factors or genes essential for RVFV replication, we conducted a CRISPR-Cas9 knock-out screen in human A549 cells. We then validated the putative genes using siRNA-mediated knockdowns and CRISPR-Cas9-mediated…

Identification of Host Factors for Rift Valley Fever Phlebovirus.

Rift Valley fever phlebovirus (RVFV) is a zoonotic pathogen that causes Rift Valley fever (RVF) in livestock and humans. Currently, there is no licensed human vaccine or antiviral drug to control RVF. Although multiple species of animals and humans are vulnerable to RVFV infection, host factors affecting susceptibility are not well understood. To identify the host factors or genes essential for RVFV replication, we conducted CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screening in human A549 cells. We then validated the putative genes using siRNA-mediated knock-downs and CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knock-out studies. The r…

An Overview of Rift Valley Fever Vaccine Development Strategies.

Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a mosquito-borne viral zoonosis that causes high fetal and neonatal mortality in ruminants and a mild to fatal hemorrhagic fever in humans. There are no licensed RVF vaccines for human use while for livestock, commercially available vaccines are all either live attenuated or inactivated and have undesirable characteristics. The live attenuated RVF vaccines are associated with teratogenicity and residual virulence in ruminants while the inactivated ones require multiple immunisations to induce and maintain protective immunity. Additionally, nearly all licensed RVF vac…