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Substance Use is Associated With College Students' Acute Parasympathetic Nervous System Responses to Challenge.

College students use substances for varied reasons, including to cope with stress. The parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) regulates bodily … ponses to a challenge task would be associated with more frequent substance use (i.e., alcohol use, binge drinking, cannabis use). College students (N = 152; Mage = 20.5, SD = 3.2; 73.8% female) reported their past month frequency of substance use and completed a laboratory-based challenge task while having an electrocardiogram administered to derive respiratory …

Gender differences in substance use and psychiatric distress among medical students: A comprehensive statewide evaluation.

BACKGROUND: Medical student wellness has emerged as an important issue in medical education. The purpose of the present study was to obtain … s, and chi-square analyses were computed using SPSS 20. RESULTS: Over 70% of students acknowledged binge drinking, with men reporting higher frequency than women (χ2 = 13.90, P = .003), and 22.7% (n = 201) reported marijuana use during medical school, with higher rates (χ2 = 9.50, P = .02) among men (27.0%, n = 99) than women (18.9%, n = 93). A significant mino …

Alcohol and binge eating as mediators between posttraumatic stress disorder symptom severity and body mass index.

OBJECTIVE: Sexual-minority women are at elevated risk for obesity, as well as exposure to traumatic events. Rates of obesity are elevated in individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but little is known about why this relationship exists. Behavioral mechanisms, such as eating patterns and alcohol use, are possible explanations that would be clinically useful to identify. METHODS: Binge eating and alcohol use were longitudinally investigated as mediators of the relationship between PTSD symptom severity and body mass index (BMI) in a large sample of young-adult, sexual-minority wo

Fetal growth and maternal alcohol consumption during early pregnancy.

OBJECTIVE: The relationship between light maternal alcohol consumption and fetal outcome remains contentious and the professional advice wom … .0), 0.4% reported moderate/heavy consumption (>3 units/week, median 4.0 IQR 4.0) and 0.3% reported binge drinking (>5 units in one sitting, median 3.0 IQR 4.0). Women who consumed alcohol in binges were more likely to be <30years whereas women who consumed alcohol weekly were more likely to be ≥30years. Women who who consumed any alcohol during early pregnancy …

Substance use profiles predict health outcomes among U.S. adults with diabetes: Implications for primary care screening and intervention.

AIMS: Substance use is common among adults with diabetes yet remains poorly characterized in terms of co-occurring patterns. This study soug … mbership and health indicators. RESULTS: Three profiles emerged: Low/Non-Use (67.6%), Cannabis and Binge Drinking (24.4%), and Polysubstance Use (8.0%). Higher-risk membership was associated with male sex, mental health burden, and urban residence; marriage and college education were protective. Both higher-risk classes were more than twice as likely to report …

Descriptive Norms ≠ Injunctive Norms: A Meta-Analytic Review Across Four Health Contexts.

Despite a prolific body of work on normative influence, the empirical status of research on perceived descriptive and injunctive norms remains largely unsettled. To clarify longstanding ambiguities, the present meta-analysis synthesizes data from 99 studies (N = 80,722) across four health domains: tobacco, vaccination, binge drinking, and recreational drug use. The synthesis quantifies the average relationship between perceived descriptive and injunctive norms, assesses moderators and correlates such as referent proximity, health topic, sociodemographic factors, and motivational variables, and…

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health symptoms in new patients presenting to outpatient psychiatry.

OBJECTIVE: To compare self-reported anxiety, depression, insomnia, functional impairment, and substance use among distinct cohorts of new ad … Among substance use treatment seekers, drug and marijuana use was higher, with women reporting more binge drinking days. CONCLUSIONS: New psychiatric outpatients who presented after the pandemic reported greater anxiety and insomnia symptoms and different substance use patterns vs. a pre-pandemic cohort, underscoring the need for targeted interventions during p …

Alcohol consumption and oral human papillomavirus infection among men living with HIV: a cross-sectional study from the ULACNet 201 trial.

Alcohol consumption is recognized as a risk factor for oropharyngeal cancer. However, its role in oral human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among people living with HIV (PLWH) remains unclear. This cross-sectional study analyzed baseline data from 699 men living with HIV (MLWH) enrolled in the multicenter ULACNet-201 trial (NCT04255849) to assess oral HPV infection by drinking behavior, examine the association between alcohol consumption and HPV infection, exploring smoking as a potential effect modifier. Oral gargle specimens were tested for high-risk (HR-HPV) and low-risk (LR-HPV) HPV genoty

LGB (lesbian, gay, and bisexual) state policy protections and substance use disparities.

LGB (lesbian, gay, and bisexual) individuals have higher rates of tobacco and alcohol use than the general population. While protective soci … olicy protections during emerging adulthood had a significantly lower prevalence of tobacco use and binge drinking in young adulthood compared with those in less protective states. These findings were not observed among heterosexual individuals, indicating that policy effects were specific to LGB individuals. Furthermore, these protections appeared to reduce ove …

Prevalence and risk factors for the development of bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder in a large US military cohort.

While bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge eating disorder (BED) are prevalent in military populations, an understanding of risk and protective factors is limited by a lack of longitudinal population-based epidemiologic research. This study examined the prevalence of BN and BED among active-duty service members and identified military and psychosocial factors associated with their development. Millennium Cohort Study participants were followed for up to 15 years, and prevalence was ascertained using survey and electronic medical record data. Longitudinal multivariable logistic regression models eval

Machine learning-ready mental health datasets for evaluating psychological effects and system needs in Mexico city during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic.

The prevalence of mental health problems constitutes an open challenge for modern societies, particularly for low and middle-income countrie … tatus, and symptoms of acute stress, sadness, avoidance, distancing, anger, and anxiety, along with binge drinking and abuse experiences. The lifeline service dataset includes daily call statistics, such as total, connected, and abandoned calls, average quit time, wait time, and call duration. Epidemiological, mobility, and trend data provide a daily overview of …

Drinking, Diversity, and Discrimination: Campus-Level Factors that Influence Students' Risk of Experiencing Sexual Assault.

College students' individual-level risk factors for sexual assault victimization have been studied for decades, but fewer studies have looke … eriencing sexual assault, we found larger significant effects from aggregated campus-level rates of binge drinking, campus diversity (particularly regarding sexual orientation and gender), and discrimination. These findings suggest that comprehensive campus sexual violence prevention would benefit from strategies that promote safe and inclusive campuses, especia …

Structural differences in adolescent brains can predict alcohol misuse.

Alcohol misuse during adolescence (AAM) has been associated with disruptive development of adolescent brains. In this longitudinal machine learning (ML) study, we could predict AAM significantly from brain structure (T1-weighted imaging and DTI) with accuracies of 73 -78% in the IMAGEN dataset (n∼1182). Our results not only show that structural differences in brain can predict AAM, but also suggests that such differences might precede AAM behavior in the data. We predicted 10 phenotypes of AAM at age 22 using brain MRI features at ages 14, 19, and 22. Binge drinking was found to be the most pr…

The Associations of Intimate Partner Violence and Non-Partner Sexual Violence with Hypertension in South African Women.

This study describes associations of intimate partner violence (IPV), non-partner sexual violence (NPSV) and sexual harassment (SH) exposures with hypertension in South African women aged 18-40 years. Baseline data (n = 1742) from the Rape Impact Cohort Evaluation study, including a history of sexual, physical, emotional and economic IPV, NPSV and SH were examined. Hypertension was based on blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg or a previous diagnosis. Logistic regressions were adjusted for traditional hypertension risk factors and previous trauma (e.g., recent rape). Hypertension was more prevalent in

Impact of Caregiving During Emerging Adulthood on Frequent Mental Distress, Smoking, and Drinking Behaviors: United States, 2015-2017.

Objectives. To examine associations between caregiving mental or behavioral health outcomes among emerging US adults, defined as persons aged 18 to 25 years.Methods. The study sample included emerging adult respondents to the 2015-2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System's caregiving module. Exposures were caregiver (n = 3087), expectant caregiver (n = 2303), and noncaregiver (n = 12 216) status. Expectant caregivers were defined as persons not currently providing care but anticipating doing so within the next 2 years. Outcomes included frequent mental distress (FMD), drinking (binge or

Aggressive Behaviors among 15-16-Year-Old Romanian High School Students: Results from Two Consecutive Surveys Related to Alcohol and Other Drug Use at the European Level.

The aim of this paper is to examine aggressive behaviors among Romanian high school students between 15 and 16 years old, to compare data in … ysis performed for the 2011 study revealed the following factors associated with physical fighting: binge drinking during the previous 30 days, male gender, serious problems with friends, parent(s) who do not know where and with whom the adolescents spend their evenings, poor parental caring, low school grades, and high truancy. A decrease in almost all aggressi …

Ассоциации физического партнерского насилия и пережитого сексуального насилия с рисковыми поведениями и психическим здоровьем среди студентов университетов из 25 стран.

ИСТОРИЯ ВОПРОСА: Исследование было направлено на изучение связей между виктимизацией физического партнера и/или сексуальным насилием и различными видами поведения, сопряженными с риском для здоровья, и психическим здоровьем студентов университетов 25 странами. МЕТОДЫ: С использованием плана перекрестного исследования, 18,335 Студенты высших учебных заведений среднего возраста 20 лет с 25 страны Африки, Северной и Южной Америки и Азии ответили на сообщения о случаях насилия в отношениях между людьми, действиях, подрывающих здоровье, мерах по охране психического здоровья и защитных факторах.РЕЗУ

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: The study aimed to investigate the associations between physical partner violence victimization (IPV) and/or sexual violence vic … loneliness, post-traumatic stress disorder, sleeping problem and short sleep), addictive behaviour (binge drinking, tobacco and drug use), and other health risk behaviour (skipping breakfast and frequent salt intake). CONCLUSIONS: We found evidence that physical IPV and/or sexual violence victimization among female and/or male university students was associated …

FXR deletion in hepatocytes does not affect the severity of alcoholic liver disease in mice.

Emerging evidence has shown that FXR activation ameliorates the development of alcoholic liver diseases (ALD) while whole-body deficiency of … le of hepatic FXR in ALD development. FXRhep-/- mice were subject to an ALD model with chronic plus binge drinking of alcohol to determine the effects of hepatic FXR deficiency on ALD development. The FXRhep-/- mice showed an altered expression of genes involved in BA and lipid homeostasis with alcohol treatment. Despite a slightly increased trend in hepatic lip …

Association between sunburn and demographic factors and health behaviour among Danish students.

Sunburn is associated with an increased risk for skin cancer. Denmark has one of the highest incidences of melanoma in the world, although it is a relatively northern country. The objective of this study was to determine whether sunburn is associated with demographic factors and health behaviour among young Danes. Cross-sectional data of >55,000 15- to 25-year-old students participating in the Danish National Youth Study were collected in 2014. Multilevel logistic regression analysis was used to determine associations. Overall, 45% of the students had experienced at least one sunburn in Denmar

Effects of Parental Monitoring and Knowledge on Substance Use and HIV Risk Behaviors Among Young Men Who have Sex with Men: Results from Three Studies.

Young men who have sex with men (YMSM) are disproportionately impacted by HIV/AIDS and have elevated rates of substance use. Parenting pract … pecific activities. Parental knowledge of general activities was significantly associated with less binge drinking in both samples and with condomless sex in the ChiGuys sample. Parental monitoring was significantly associated with less marijuana use and condomless sex in younger RADAR participants (16-18 years) and with less drug use in older participants (>18 …