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Plants as a Source of Anticancer Agents: From Bench to Bedside.

Cancer is the second leading cause of death after cardiovascular diseases. Conventional anticancer therapies are associated with lack of selectivity and serious side effects. Cancer hallmarks are biological capabilities acquired by cancer cells during neoplastic transformation. Targeting multiple cancer hallmarks is a promising strategy to treat cancer. The diversity in chemical structure and the relatively low toxicity make plant-derived natural products a promising source for the development of new and more effective anticancer therapies that have the capacity to target multiple hallmarks in

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… It was discovered in a phase I/II pilot clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01985763 ) to evaluate the efficacy of genistein in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer alone or in combination with 5-fluorouracil and platinum compounds that genistein can suppress Wnt signaling, a pathway … induced in the majority of colorectal cancers, and can enhance growth inhibition when combined with 5-fluorouracil and platinum compounds. …

Antioxidant Food Supplementation in Cancer: Lessons from Clinical Trials and Insights from Preclinical Studies.

Food antioxidant supplementation has been widely proposed for cancer prevention and adjuvant therapy due to the pleiotropic role of antioxidants. Herein, particular attention is given to recent clinical trials based on the use of dietary supplements in cancer patients, both as monotherapy and in combination with standard treatments, exploring both their potential benefits and risks. This review focuses on the efficacy of the most important food antioxidants, highlighting how their action may change depending on different factors such as cancer type, dose, timing of administration and antioxida

A comprehensive overview on antibody-drug conjugates: from the conceptualization to cancer therapy.

Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs) represent an innovative class of potent anti-cancer compounds that are widely used in the treatment of hematologic malignancies and solid tumors. Unlike conventional chemotherapeutic drug-based therapies, that are mainly associated with modest specificity and therapeutic benefit, the three key components that form an ADC (a monoclonal antibody bound to a cytotoxic drug via a chemical linker moiety) achieve remarkable improvement in terms of targeted killing of cancer cells and, while sparing healthy tissues, a reduction in systemic side effects caused by off-tum

FDA-Approved Drugs for Hematological Malignancies-The Last Decade Review.

Hematological malignancies, also referred to as blood cancers, are a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth and persisting in the blood, lymph nodes, or bone marrow. The development of new targeted therapies including small molecule inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies, bispecific T cell engagers, antibody-drug conjugates, recombinant immunotoxins, and, finally, Chimeric Antigen Receptor T (CAR-T) cells has improved the clinical outcomes for blood cancers. In this review, we summarized 52 drugs that were divided into small molecule and macromolecule agents, approved by the Food and Drug

The Power of Phytochemicals Combination in Cancer Chemoprevention.

Conventional therapies for cancer treatment have posed many challenges, including toxicity, multidrug resistance and economic expenses. In contrast, complementary alternative medicine (CAM), employing phytochemicals have recently received increased attention owing to their capability to modulate a myriad of molecular mechanisms with a less toxic effect. Increasing evidence from preclinical and clinical studies suggest that phytochemicals can favorably modulate several signaling pathways involved in cancer development and progression. Combinations of phytochemicals promote cell death, inhibit c

Small molecule inhibitors targeting the cancers.

Compared with traditional therapies, targeted therapy has merits in selectivity, efficacy, and tolerability. Small molecule inhibitors are one of the primary targeted therapies for cancer. Due to their advantages in a wide range of targets, convenient medication, and the ability to penetrate into the central nervous system, many efforts have been devoted to developing more small molecule inhibitors. To date, 88 small molecule inhibitors have been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration to treat cancers. Despite remarkable progress, small molecule inhibitors in cancer treatme

Mechanisms, Mediators, and Moderators of the Effects of Exercise on Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy.

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is an adverse effect of neurotoxic antineoplastic agents commonly used to treat cancer. Patients with CIPN experience debilitating signs and symptoms, such as combinations of tingling, numbness, pain, and cramping in the hands and feet that inhibit their daily function. Among the limited prevention and treatment options for CIPN, exercise has emerged as a promising new intervention that has been investigated in approximately two dozen clinical trials to date. As additional studies test and suggest the efficacy of exercise in treating CIPN, it i

Unlocking the potential of CD70 as a novel immunotherapeutic target for non-small cell lung cancer.

Although normally restricted to activated T and B cells and mature dendritic cells, constitutive expression of CD70, a member of the tumor necrosis family, has been described in both hematological and solid tumors, where it increases tumor cell and regulatory T cell survival by signaling through its receptor, CD27.We have assessed the co-expression of CD70 and CD27 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by immunohistochemistry to explore a correlation between expression of the protein and tumor histologic subtype, genetic aberrations and prognosis. Furthermore, we tested the ability of ARGX-110

Каннабиноиды в раке: Молекулярные механизмы смерти клеток и возможности перевода.

Каннабиноиды представляют собой терпенофенолические соединения, полученные из Cannabis sativa L., которые осуществляют широкий спектр биологической и фармакологической деятельности. Растущие данные свидетельствуют об их потенциале как модуляторов развития рака, особенно посредством подавления роста клеток опухоли, ангиогенеза и метастаза в различных моделях опухоли. В настоящем обзоре содержится всеобъемлющий обзор молекулярных механизмов, с помощью которых природные и синтетические каннабиноиды вызывают регулируемую смерть раковых клеток. Текущие данные свидетельствуют о том, что каннабиноиды

Integrative Medicine for Cancer-Related Pain: A Narrative Review.

Cancer-related pain (C-RP) is a prevalent and debilitating concern among patients with cancer, with conventional treatments limited in their ability to provide adequate relief, and by the adverse effects associated with their use. Complementary and integrative medicine (CIM) modalities have been shown to be potentially effective and safe for the treatment of pain and related symptoms, when used in conjunction with conventional medications and under medical supervision. An increasing number of oncology centers provide CIM within their conventional supportive and palliative care service, in an "

Engineering precision nanoparticles for drug delivery.

In recent years, the development of nanoparticles has expanded into a broad range of clinical applications. Nanoparticles have been developed to overcome the limitations of free therapeutics and navigate biological barriers - systemic, microenvironmental and cellular - that are heterogeneous across patient populations and diseases. Overcoming this patient heterogeneity has also been accomplished through precision therapeutics, in which personalized interventions have enhanced therapeutic efficacy. However, nanoparticle development continues to focus on optimizing delivery platforms with a one-

Selinexor in combination with topotecan in patients with advanced or metastatic solid tumors: Results of an open-label, single-center, multi-arm phase Ib study.

Background Selinexor, a first-in-class, oral selective inhibitor of nuclear export (SINE) compound inhibits Exportin-1(XPO1), had demonstrated synergistic activity with many chemotherapies and conferred in vivo antitumor efficacy in hematologic as well as solid tumors. Methods This open-label, single-center, multi-arm phase 1b study used a standard 3 + 3 design and a "basket type" expansion. Selinexor with intravenous topotecan was given in one of the 13 parallel arms. Patients with advanced or metastatic relapsed/refractory solid tumors following prior systemic therapy, or in whom the additio

Dermatologic Adverse Events Associated with Selective Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitors: Overview, Prevention, and Management Guidelines.

Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) tyrosine kinases, which are expressed on the cell membrane, are involved in a wide range of biological functions such as cell proliferation, survival, migration, and differentiation. The identification of FGFR fusions and other alterations in a wide range of solid tumors, including cholangiocarcinoma and bladder cancer, has resulted in the development of several selective FGFR inhibitors for use in these indications, for example, infigratinib, erdafitinib, derazantinib, pemigatinib, and futibatinib. In addition to the typical adverse events associated w

Blockage of Autophagy for Cancer Therapy: A Comprehensive Review.

The incidence and mortality of cancer are increasing, making it a leading cause of death worldwide. Conventional treatments such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy face significant limitations due to therapeutic resistance. Autophagy, a cellular self-degradation mechanism, plays a crucial role in cancer development, drug resistance, and treatment. This review investigates the potential of autophagy inhibition as a therapeutic strategy for cancer. A systematic search was conducted on Embase, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases from 1967 to 2024 to identify studies on autophagy inhibito

Gambogic Acid as a Candidate for Cancer Therapy: A Review.

Gambogic acid (GA), a kind of dry resin secreted by the Garcinia hanburyi tree, is a natural active ingredient with various biological activities, such as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-bacterial effects, etc. An increasing amount of evidence indicates that GA has obvious anti-cancer effects via various molecular mechanisms, including the induction of apoptosis, autophagy, cell cycle arrest and the inhibition of invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis. In order to improve the efficacy in cancer treatment, nanometer drug delivery systems have been employed to load GA and form mice

Targeting inflammation as cancer therapy.

Inflammation has accompanied human beings since the emergence of wounds and infections. In the past decades, numerous efforts have been undertaken to explore the potential role of inflammation in cancer, from tumor development, invasion, and metastasis to the resistance of tumors to treatment. Inflammation-targeted agents not only demonstrate the potential to suppress cancer development, but also to improve the efficacy of other therapeutic modalities. In this review, we describe the highly dynamic and complex inflammatory tumor microenvironment, with discussion on key inflammation mediators i

The global prevalence of peripheral neuropathy following chemotherapy in cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a major cause of dose reduction, drug modification, or drug discontinuation in cancer patients which negatively impacts the overall well-being of cancer patients and medication procedures. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigation aimed to determine the global prevalence of CIPN in cancer patients. METHODS: Various scientific databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar) were systematically searched (by July 2023) for published studies reporting the CIPN prevalence. Meta-analys

Нанозимы: инновационная терапия в борьбе с нейродегенеративными заболеваниями.

Нейродегенеративные заболевания, включая болезнь Альцгеймера (AD), болезнь Паркинсона (PD), множественный склероз (MS), амиотропический боковой склероз (ALS) и болезнь Хантингтона (HD), представляют собой серьезную проблему для здоровья населения мира из-за их прогрессивного характера и отсутствия лечения. Эти расстройства характеризуются окислительным стрессом, завязыванием белка и нейроинфламмацией, которые в совокупности приводят к нервным повреждениям и смерти. Последние достижения в нанотехнологии позволили внедрить нанозменные наноматериалы, которые имитируют деятельность, похожую на фер

Genetic Therapy and Molecular Targeted Therapy in Oncology: Safety, Pharmacovigilance, and Perspectives for Research and Clinical Practice.

The impressive advances in the knowledge of biomarkers and molecular targets has enabled significant progress in drug therapy for crucial diseases such as cancer. Specific areas of pharmacology have contributed to these therapeutic outcomes-mainly targeted therapy, immunomodulatory therapy, and gene therapy. This review focuses on the pharmacological profiles of these therapeutic classes and intends, on the one hand, to provide a systematic definition and, on the other, to highlight some aspects related to pharmacovigilance, namely the monitoring of safety and the identification of potential t

Recent Progress in CDK4/6 Inhibitors and PROTACs.

Cell division in eukaryotes is a highly regulated process that is critical to the life of a cell. Dysregulated cell proliferation, often driven by anomalies in cell Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) activation, is a key pathological mechanism in cancer. Recently, selective CDK4/6 inhibitors have shown clinical success, particularly in treating advanced-stage estrogen receptor (ER)-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative breast cancer. This review provides an in-depth analysis of the action mechanism and recent advancements in CDK4/6 inhibitors, categorizing them based