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Storage diseases with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy phenotype.

Never judge a book by its cover, nor assume hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) as sarcomeric, as appearances can deceive. HCM phenocopies account for a 5-10% of the cases, mainly represented by storage diseases, flagged by the increasing prevalence of senile cardiac amyloid in developing countries. Multisystemic and heterogeneous presentation of these entities is a challenge for clinicians, and time delay in diagnosis is a major concern. Promising drugs and gene-specific tailored therapies are under development, therefore, more than ever, appropriate understanding of these conditions is mandato

T Cell Subsets in Graft Versus Host Disease and Graft Versus Tumor.

Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) is an essential therapeutic modality for patients with hematological malignancies and other blood disorders. Unfortunately, acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) remains a major source of morbidity and mortality following allo-HCT, which limits its use in a broader spectrum of patients. Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) also remains the most common long-term complication of allo-HCT, occurring in reportedly 30-70% of patients surviving more than 100 days. Chronic GVHD is also the leading cause of non-relapse mortality (NRM) occ

Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Sepsis: Pathophysiology, Duality, and Therapeutic Frontiers.

Sepsis-induced immunosuppression, one of the factors contributing to mortality, is closely mediated by myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). This review first outlines MDSC biology, describing their origin from pathological emergency myelopoiesis and classification into polymorphonuclear and monocytic subsets. We then discuss their dual role: an early, protective modulation of cytokine storm that later evolves into harmful immunosuppression associated with secondary infections and death. The underlying mechanisms involve L-arginine depletion ( via arginase 1/inducible nitric oxide synthase

An integrative review of nonobvious puzzles of cellular and molecular cardiooncology.

Oncologic patients are subjected to four major treatment types: surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. All nonsurgical forms of cancer management are known to potentially violate the structural and functional integrity of the cardiovascular system. The prevalence and severity of cardiotoxicity and vascular abnormalities led to the emergence of a clinical subdiscipline, called cardiooncology. This relatively new, but rapidly expanding area of knowledge, primarily focuses on clinical observations linking the adverse effects of cancer therapy with deteriorated quality of life of

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… Above these doses, the apoptosis occurred in a mechanism involving activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response and an elevation of the transcription factor X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) and its downstream target, glucose-regulated protein 78,000 (GRP78), serving as an ER chaperone [ 127 …

33rd Annual Meeting & Pre-Conference Programs of the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC 2018) : Washington, D.C., USA. 7-11 November 2018.

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Апиген как потенциальный модулятор нейроинфламмации в многоразовом склерозе: обзор.

Множественный склероз (MS) — хроническое воспалительное заболевание центральной нервной системы (CNS), характеризующееся нейроинфламмацией и обезвоживанием. Несмотря на то, что в течение последнего десятилетия расширились возможности лечения MS, нынешняя терапия направлена главным образом на периферийные иммунные системы и часто связана со значительными побочными эффектами. Кроме того, эта терапия до сих пор не предлагает решений для последующего нейродегенерации, сопровождающего развитие болезни. Результаты исследований, проведенных с использованием клеточных и животных моделей и исследований

Monoclonal Gammopathies of Clinical Significance: A Critical Appraisal.

Monoclonal gammopathies of clinical significance (MGCSs) represent a group of diseases featuring the association of a nonmalignant B cells or plasma cells clone, the production of an M-protein, and singularly, the existence of organ damage. They present a current framework that is difficult to approach from a practical clinical perspective. Several points should be addressed in order to move further toward a better understanding. Overall, these entities are only partially included in the international classifications of diseases. Its definition and classification remain ambiguous. Remarkably,

Cancer-Associated Thrombosis: Epidemiology, Pathophysiological Mechanisms, Treatment, and Risk Assessment.

Cancer patients represent a growing population with drastically difficult care and a lowered quality of life, especially due to the heightened risk of vast complications. Thus, it is well established so far that one of the most prominent complications in individuals with cancer is venous thromboembolism. Since there are various improved methods for screening and diagnosing cancer and its complications, the incidence of cancer-associated thrombosis has been on the rise in recent years. Therefore, the high mortality and morbidity rates among these patients are not a surprise. Consequently, there

Карвацоль Ойл как нейропоохранный агент: обзор дизайна исследований и последних достижений.

Нейродегенеративные заболевания в основном воспринимаются как болезни стареющего населения, однако сегодня в день эти заболевания представляют угрозу для населения всех возрастных групп, несмотря на значительное улучшение качества жизни. Согласно сообщениям, почти все основные масла (ЭО) обладают определенными нейрозащитными способностями и на протяжении столетий использовались в качестве добавок к хорошему психическому здоровью. Этот обзор свидетельствует о терапевтическом потенциале одного такого монотерпенового фенола, карвакрула (CV), который может быть использован в качестве основного тер

Convergence of mRNA technology and chimeric antigen receptor therapy: targeted technology optimizing targeted therapy.

Engineering cells to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) represents a novel approach in cancer immunotherapy, demonstrating remarkable efficacy in the treatment of hematologic malignancies while also encountering numerous challenges. Against the backdrop of the widespread application of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines, the integration of mRNA technology to produce CAR cells and enhance CAR therapies marks the cutting edge of cancer treatment innovation, offering potential solutions to the challenges faced by traditional CAR therapies. This convergence offers distinct advantages. It enables the ge

Biomarkers for Early Complications of Endothelial Origin After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Do They Have a Potential Clinical Role?

Endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction causes a number of early and life-threatening post hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) complications that result in a rapid clinical decline. The main early complications are graft-vs.-host disease (GVHD), transplant associated thrombotic microangiopathy (TA-TMA), and sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS). Post-HCT endothelial dysfunction occurs as a result of chemotherapy, infections, and allogeneic reactivity. Despite major advances in transplant immunology and improvements in supportive care medicine, these complications represent a major obstacle for

Pathophysiology, evaluation, and management of malnutrition in hematologic malignancies: a comprehensive review.

Hematologic malignancies are frequently complicated by malnutrition, a condition that remains underrecognized yet strongly associated with impaired treatment tolerance, immune recovery, and survival. Unlike solid tumors, hematologic malignancies are characterized by diffuse marrow and immune system involvement, rendering host metabolism highly vulnerable to tumor-driven inflammation and therapy-induced immune stress. Accumulating evidence indicates that nutritional deterioration in hematologic malignancies reflects a state of integrated immunometabolic vulnerability-driven by hyperinflammation

2018 Ежегодное совещание СНГ: Североамериканская конференция по вопросам неадекватности и регулирования.

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Manifestations of systemic disease in the retina and fundus of cats and dogs.

The fundus is unique in that it is the only part of the body that allows for a noninvasive and uninterrupted view of vasculature and nervous tissue. Utilization of this can be a powerful tool in uncovering salient incidental findings which point to underlying systemic diseases, and for monitoring response to therapy. Retinal venules and arterioles allow the clinician to assess changes in vascular color, diameter, outline, and tortuosity. The retina and optic nerve may exhibit changes associated with increased or decreased thickness, inflammatory infiltrates, hemorrhages, and detachments. While

Natural anti-cancer products: insights from herbal medicine.

Herbal medicine exhibits a broad spectrum of potent anti-cancer properties, including the enhancement of tumor immune responses, reversal of multidrug resistance, regulation of autophagy and ferroptosis, as well as anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, and anti-metastatic effects. This review systematically explores recent advances (primarily documented since 2019) in research on key anti-cancer compounds derived from herbal medicine, such as apigenin, artemisinin, berberine, curcumin, emodin, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), ginsenosides, icariin, resveratrol, silibinin, triptolide, and ursolic

Program-Abstracts

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Oxidative Stress: Signaling Pathways, Biological Functions, and Disease.

The dysregulated accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species disrupts redox homeostasis, triggering oxidative stress (OS) and driving pathophysiological changes across multiple organ systems. OS modulates critical signaling pathways, induces inflammation, impairs mitochondrial function, alters metabolic homeostasis, and dysregulates autophagy, contributing to disease progression. While prior research has largely focused on OS within single-organ diseases (e.g., neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, and oncological disorders), the systemic role of OS in pan-organ di

CAR-T cell therapy for cancer: current challenges and future directions.

Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapies have transformed the treatment of relapsed/refractory (R/R) B-cell malignancies and multiple myeloma by redirecting activated T cells to CD19- or BCMA-expressing tumor cells. However, this approach has yet to be approved for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the most common acute leukemia in adults and the elderly. Simultaneously, CAR-T cell therapies continue to face significant challenges in the treatment of solid tumors. The primary challenge in developing CAR-T cell therapies for AML is the absence of an ideal target antigen that is both effec

From laboratory to clinic: opportunities and challenges of functional food active ingredients in cancer therapy.

This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the potential of functional food active ingredients in cancer prevention and therapy. It outlines the multifaceted anticancer mechanisms of bioactive compounds-such as polyphenols, carotenoids, omega-3 fatty acids, phytosterols, alkaloids, isothiocyanates, polysaccharides, phenolic acids, flavonols, and amide-bearing compounds-which include antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, induction of apoptosis and autophagy, modulation of the tumor microenvironment, interference with cell cycle regulation and signaling pathways, and regulation of

Emerging predictive biomarkers for novel therapeutics in peripheral T-cell and natural killer/T-cell lymphoma.

Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) and natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (NKTCL) are rare subtypes of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that are typically associated with poor treatment outcomes. Contemporary first-line treatment strategies generally involve the use of combination chemoimmunotherapy, radiation and/or stem cell transplant. Salvage options incorporate a number of novel agents including epigenetic therapies (e.g. HDAC inhibitors, DNMT inhibitors) as well as immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, validated biomarkers to select patients for individualized precision therapy are presently lacking,