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Ovalbumin-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells contribute to different susceptibility for Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus persistence.

Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) is the causative agent of TMEV-induced demyelinating disease (TMEV-IDD); a well-established animal model for the chronic progressive form of human multiple sclerosis (MS). In susceptible mice with an inadequate immune response, TMEV-IDD is triggered by virus persistence and maintained by a T cell mediated immunopathology. OT-mice are bred on a TMEV-resistant C57BL/6 background and own predominantly chicken ovalbumin (OVA)-specific populations of CD8+ T cells (OT-I) or CD4+ T cells (OT-II), respectively. It is hypothesized that the lack of antigen…

Diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and related dementia among people with multiple sclerosis: Large cohort study, USA.

BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease and related dementia (ADRD) and multiple sclerosis (MS) are two neurodegenerative diseases with some shared pathophysiological characteristics. While the salient attribute of ADRD is a progressive decline in cognitive function, MS is mainly known for causing physical weakness, vision loss, and muscle stiffness. Progressive cognitive decline, however, is not uncommon among MS patients, and many case reports of MS were indicative of ADRD coexistence. Due to a lack of large epidemiological studies on this topic, we aimed to examine time to diagnosis of and adjusted…

The association of environmental exposure with multiple sclerosis severity score: A study based on sequential data modeling.

Introduction Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neuroinflammatory disease influenced by clinical, demographic, and environmental factors. Predicting MS progression is challenging due to the disease's heterogeneity. This study aimed to apply Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods to investigate the association between the MS Severity Score (MSSS), which is a measure that integrates disability level and disease duration, and patients' longitudinal clinical data and environmental exposures. Methods We integrated long-term clinical records from the Mondino MS Center (Pavia, Italy) with environment…

From demyelination to neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis: reassessing the role of visual evoked potential P100-N145 amplitudes: a missing piece of the puzzle?

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease with a heterogeneous clinical course, making long-term disability prediction challenging. Visual evoked potentials (VEPs), particularly amplitude-based parameters, may serve as sensitive biomarkers of neurodegeneration and functional decline undetected by conventional clinical measures. OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship between longitudinal changes in P100-N145 amplitude and concurrent Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) changes in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) and the relative utility of baseline and longitudinal …

Autoimmune liver disease, autoimmunity and liver transplantation.

Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) represent the three major autoimmune li … risk loci for PBC and PSC are also risk loci for other autoimmune disorders, such type I diabetes, multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis, suggesting a shared genetic basis and possibly similar molecular pathways for diverse autoimmune conditions. There is no curative treatment for all three disorders, and a significant number of patients eventually progress t …

B cell depletion therapy does not resolve chronic active multiple sclerosis lesions.

BACKGROUND: Chronic active lesions (CAL) in multiple sclerosis (MS) have been observed even in patients taking high-efficacy disease-modifying therapy, including B-cell depletion. Given that CAL are a major determinant of clinical progression, including progression independent of relapse activity (PIRA), understanding the predicted activity and real-world effects of targeting specific lymphocyte populations is critical for designing next-generation treatments to mitigate chronic inflammation in MS. METHODS: We analyzed published lymphocyte single-cell transcriptomes from MS lesions and bioinf…

A new framework for understanding stress and disease: the developmental model of stress as applied to multiple sclerosis.

This paper proposes a new model of stress that integrates earlier models and adds insights from developmental psychology. Previous models de … an integrative framework for understanding the role of stress in the development and progression of multiple sclerosis (MS). It includes the first mapping of maladaptive beliefs and behaviors arising from developmental challenges that are common to people with MS. An initial comparison shows these may be distinct from those of people with other chronic diseases. The …

TSPO-PET reveals higher inflammation in white matter disrupted by paramagnetic rim lesions in multiple sclerosis.

Identifying the role of compartmentalized inflammation within the central nervous system (CNS) and its association with chronic active lesions is essential for advancing our overall understanding of disease progression in multiple sclerosis (MS). In this study, we explore whether the inflammatory activity is higher in white matter (WM) tracts disrupted by paramagnetic rim lesions (PRLs) and if inflammation in PRL-disrupted WM tracts is associated with disability in people with MS. Forty-four MS patients and 11 healthy controls were included. 18 kDa-translocator protein positron emission tomogr…

УСТОЙЧИВОЕ СОГЛАСИТЕЛЬНОЕ ЗАЯВЛЕНИЕ В МНОГОСТОРОННЕЙ СЛУЧАЕ: РАССЛЕДОВАНИЕ РОЛЬ БЕЛОЙ МАТЕРИАЛЫ, ЗАГРЯЗАННОЙ С ПРИМЕНЕНИЕМ ПОДХОДА АЙДРИВЕННОГО БРЕЙНА.

Множественный склероз (MS) является хроническим воспалительным и нейродегенеративным заболеванием центральной нервной системы, где когнитивное расстройство может происходить даже без физических отклонений. Основополагающие механизмы по-прежнему плохо понимаются. В этом исследовании изучается роль нагрузки на белое вещество (WMLL) в устойчивом когнитивном упадке (SCD) в реальной группе MS с использованием подхода, основанного на искусственном интеллекте (AI). В него были включены пациенты из базы данных CHU Helora MS, содержащие ≥3 оценки SDMT и серийные МРТ мозга. SCD был определен как ≥4-точк

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system, where cognitive impairment can occur even without physical disability. The underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study investigates the role of white matter lesion load (WMLL) in sustained cognitive decline (SCD) in a real…

Липосомальная обратная вакцина защищает мышей от артрита и экспериментального аутоиммунного энцефаломиэлита.

Хронические самовоспалительные заболевания, такие, как ревматуидный артрит и множественный склероз, не поддаются лечению, а текущее иммунодепрессивное лечение часто приводит к системным нецелевым последствиям. Для удовлетворения этой неудовлетворенной потребности мы ранее разработали «обратную вакцину» на основе анионовых фосфатидилглицеролов липосолов с антигенным антигеном, содержащимся в дексаметазоне. Здесь мы оцениваем терапевтическую эффективность и иммунодуляторные механизмы этой платформы в двух мюриновых моделях автономного иммунитета. В модели протеогликанского артрита одна администр

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Chronic autoinflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis lack curative therapies, and current immunosuppressive treatments often cause systemic off-target effects. To address this unmet need, we previously developed an "inverse vaccine" based on anionic phosphatidylglycerol liposomes carrying a disease-specific peptide antigen co…

Impact of Ocrelizumab on Disease Progression, Memory Improvement, and Quality of Life in Patients with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: A Longitudinal MRI and Clinical Criteria Analysis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, progressive neurological disorder that significantly impacts quality of life and functionality. Ocrelizumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting CD20-positive B cells, has emerged as a treatment for relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS). This study aimed to assess the impact of ocrelizumab on disease progression and quality of life over a longitudinal course, utilizing clinical criteria and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analyses. Conducted at the Neurology Department of Pius Brinzeu Clinical Emergency Hospital in Western Romania from 2020 to 2023, this observationa…

Headache in the course of multiple sclerosis: a prospective study.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common immune-mediated inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Early diagnosis and treatment is important to prevent progression of disability in the course of the chronic disease. Therefore, correct and fast identification of early symptoms is vital. Headache is generally not recognized as an early symptom of MS, although numerous studies could show a high prevalence of headache in MS patients. The most common misdiagnosis is migraine. The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence as well as the phenomenology of headache in MS esp…

Feasibility of a smartphone app to enhance physical activity in progressive MS: a pilot randomized controlled pilot trial over three months.

BACKGROUND: People with chronic progressive multiple sclerosis (CPMS) have limited options in medical treatment. Enhancing physical activity (PA) might promote neuroregeneration in multiple sclerosis (MS) and positively influence disability, thus providing an alternative to medical treatment. Previous studies indicate that evidence-based patient information (EBPI) is essential for inducing behavioral change, e.g. enhancing PA. OBJECTIVE: To investigate feasibility of a smartphone app providing EBPI about the benefit of PA and a simple activity feedback to enhance PA in people with CPMS in a p…

Ethanol-Producing Enterocloster bolteae Is Enriched in Chronic Hepatitis B-Associated Gut Dysbiosis: A Case-Control Culturomics Study.

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global health epidemic that causes fatal complications, leading to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The link between HBV-related dysbiosis and specific bacterial taxa is still under investigation. Enterocloster is emerging as a new genus (formerly Clostridium), including Enterocloster bolteae, a gut pathogen previously associated with dysbiosis and human diseases such as autism, multiple sclerosis, and inflammatory bowel diseases. Its role in liver diseases, especially HBV infection, is not reported. METHODS: The fecal samples of…

rs57494551 increases CXCR5 expression and IgM+ CXCR5+ B-cell infiltration in the portal area of primary biliary cholangitis.

BACKGROUND: Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic, progressive, cholestatic liver disease caused by autoimmune reactions. A previou … diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, systemic sclerosis, celiac disease, and Sjögren's syndrome, could be explained by the effect of rs57494551.

Erectile dysfunction and lower urinary tract symptoms in men with multiple sclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system commonly associated with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and erectile dysfunction (ED); however, these conditions remain underinvestigated in Brazilian populations. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of ED and LUTS, to analyze the correlations involving the 5-item International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5), the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), age, and disease duration, and to identify the subscale items most strongly assoc…

Сравнительное профилирование неврологического и биомаркирующего статуса в типе 1 диабет и множественный склероз: перекрестное наблюдение.

СПРАВОЧНАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИЯ И ЦЕЛИ: тип 1 К хроническим аутоиммунным заболеваниям, характерным для конкретных органов, относятся сахарный диабет (T1DM) и множественный склероз (MS). Их высокий уровень распространенности, прогрессивный характер, влияние на повседневную жизнь, необходимость управления на протяжении всей жизни и рост числа совместных случаев вызвали интерес к научным исследованиям. Однако сопоставительная оценка неврологического и когнитивного состояния этих заболеваний и их воздействия на мультимодальные нейродегенеративные биомаркеры по-прежнему недостаточно изучена. МЕТОДЫ: Это пере

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and multiple sclerosis (MS) are considered chronic organ-specific autoimmune diseases. Their high prevalence, progressive nature, impact on daily life, the need for lifelong management, and increased co-occurrence have attracted research interest. However, the comparative evaluation of neurological a…

From Demyelination to Intervention: Natural Compounds as Emerging Therapeutic Targets in Multiple Sclerosis Neuroinflammation.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), characterized by multifocal lesions, axonal damage, and progressive neurological dysfunction, imposing a heavy burden on patients and healthcare systems. While T lymphocytes have long been regarded as central to MS pathogenesis, accumulating evidence underscores the pivotal role of B lymphocytes and dysregulated cytokine networks (e.g., Th17/IL-17 and NF-κB pathways) in driving disease initiation and progression. Despite advances in symptomatic management and disease-mod…

Central and Peripheral Characterization of Key Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites in Mexican Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: An Exploratory Study.

Background/Objectives: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic immune-mediated disorder characterized by neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Increasing evidence implies the kynurenine pathway (KP) in the MS pathophysiology; however, data from Mexican populations are lacking. This exploratory study aimed to characterize central and circulating KP metabolites in Mexican patients with MS and to investigate potential genetic variants in KP-related genes. Methods: Serum concentrations of kynurenic acid (KYNA) and 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-HK), as well as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of KYNA, qui…

Дигидроартемизинин усиливает ремиелионацию, переключая микроглию на репаративный фенотип.

По общему признанию, одним из наиболее мощных подходов к демиелинизационной терапии является бурный ремонт миелина, что в основном способствует восстановлению неврологических функций. Поддержание иммунной гомеостази в микроглии является предпосылкой для создания репаративной среды для миелина. Дигидроартемизин (ДХА) клинически эффективен в изменении иммунологического статуса и предполагает возможность лечения демиелинизирующих заболеваний. Однако его значение для прореалионации остается неясным.МЕТОДЫ: Сначала мы провели оценку воздействия ДГВ на нейрофункциональное восстановление и целостност

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Boosting myelin repair is widely recognized as one of the most powerful approaches for demyelinating therapy, essentially contri … n chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an ideal model for secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) characterized by remyelination deficiency. Single-cell sequencing and microglial depletion with PLX3397 in vivo were used to reveal the dependency between DHA and microglia. The effect of DHA on the reparative phenotype of microglia, particul …