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Prevalence of respiratory viruses in children in Northeast Brazil: The scenario before the COVID-19 pandemic.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prevalence of nine respiratory viruses and their clinical characteristics in children aged up to 5 years old in the state of Sergipe, Northeast of Brazil in the pre-COVID-19 pandemic period. METHODS: Children with suspected influenza virus infection were included in the study. Clinical samples were screened using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction for the diagnosis of adenovirus, parainfluenza (PIV)1, PIV2, PIV3, and human metapneumovirus. In addition, data were collected for influenza A viruses (H1N1 and H3N2), influenza B virus, and respiratory s

First Human Cosavirus Detection From Cerebrospinal Fluid in Hospitalized Children With Aseptic Meningitis and Encephalitis in Iran.

OBJECTIVE: Human cosavirus (HCosV) is a newly recognized virus that seems to be partly related to nonpolio flaccid paralysis and acute gastroenteritis in pediatric patients. However, the relationship between HCosV and diseases in humans is unclear. To assess an investigation for the occurrence of HCosV among pediatric patients involved in meningitis and encephalitis, we implemented a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay for detection and quantification of HCosV in stool specimens. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, a total of 160 cerebrospinal fluid samples from September

A Modified Beagle Model of Inducible Atrial Fibrillation Using a Right Atrium Pacemaker.

OBJECTIVE: To modify the chronic atrial fibrillation of atrial tachycardia pacing in beagles with a homemade pacemaker placed outside the bo … ing of the right atrial appendages were performed along with the immunohistochemistry, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot analysis of connective tissue growth factor, collagen I, and collagen III. RESULTS: In the atrial tachycardia pacing group, atrial fibrillation was induced in five beagles (83.3%); the left atrium enlarged significantly; more cani …

Herpes Simplex DNA in Tears of Atypical Dendritic Keratitis and Multiple Punctate Subepithelial Stromal Opacity: A Case Report.

PURPOSE: To report an atypical presentation of herpes simplex virus (HSV) keratitis followed up using expression levels of HSV DNA in tears. … ibodies in her serum indicated atopic diathesis. The HSV DNA levels in her tears were measured by a real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: At the initial visit, the HSV DNA levels in tears were 6.4 × 10 copies/sample in the right eye and 1.6 × 10 copies/sample in the left eye. The keratitis improved after treatment with topical acyclovir ointment, 5 times a day for 7 days, a …

Transplantation of human umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells improves survival rates in a rat model of acute hepatic necrosis.

INTRODUCTION: Stem cell-based therapies are emerging as important and promising methods in the treatment of end-stage liver disease. This st … d in necrotic liver areas, and GFP-positive cells persisted after 4 weeks. Immunohistochemistry and real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that transplanted HUCBMSCs expressed several human liver tissue-specific markers in rats with AHN. Statistical analysis revealed that rats with AHN that were transplanted with HUCBMSCs had significantly lower death rates after 48 hou …

How long does the mRNA remains stable in untreated whole bovine blood?

BACKGROUND: High quality and quantity of messenger RNA (mRNA) are required for accuracy of gene expression studies and other RNA-based downstream applications. Since RNA is considered a labile macromolecular prone to degradation, which may result in falsely altered gene expression patterns, several commercial stabilizing reagents have been developed aiming to keep RNA stable for long period. However, for studies involving large number of experimental samples, the high costs related to these specific reagents may constitute a barrier. METHODS AND RESULTS: In this context the present study was

Effect of time and temperature on the stability of HPV and cellular nucleic acid using simulated dry self-samples.

BACKGROUND: Self-sampling is now a key component within HPV-based cervical screening programmes to engage individuals and enhance participation. As self-sampling is relatively new, information on the influence of pre-analytical parameters such as transit-temperature and time between sampling and testing on HPV test results requires detailed investigation. METHODS: FLOQSwabs® and Evalyn Brushes® were used to assess HPV and cellular stability over a 30-week period (0w,4w,12w,30w) at 4 °C, ambient, and 37 °C. Vaginal self-samples were simulated by inoculating the devices with an HPV16-positive c

Recent Advances in Electrochemical Biosensors for the Detection of Salmonellosis: Current Prospective and Challenges.

Salmonellosis is a major cause of foodborne infections, caused by Salmonella, posing a major health risk. It possesses the ability to infiltrate the food supply chain at any point throughout the manufacturing, distribution, processing or quality control process. Salmonella infection has increased severely and requires effective and efficient methods for early monitoring and detection. Traditional methods, such as real-time polymerase chain reaction and culture plate, consume a lot of time and are labor-intensive. Therefore, new quick detection methods for on-field applications are urgently nee…

Survival time of Leptospira kirschneri on strawberries.

In the past decade, two leptospirosis outbreaks occurred among strawberry harvesters in Germany, with 13, and 45 reported cases respectively. In both outbreaks, common voles (Microtus arvalis) infected with Leptospira kischneri serovar Grippotyphosa were identified as the most likely outbreak source. In an univariate analysis, eating unwashed strawberries was identified as one of the risk factors associated with Leptospira infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the survival time of L. kirschneri serovar Grippotyphosa on strawberries under varying conditions. Strawberries were spiked

A comparative analysis of preservation techniques for the optimal molecular detection of hookworm DNA in a human fecal specimen.

BACKGROUND: Proper collection and storage of fecal samples is necessary to guarantee the subsequent reliability of DNA-based soil-transmitted helminth diagnostic procedures. Previous research has examined various methods to preserve fecal samples for subsequent microscopic analysis or for subsequent determination of overall DNA yields obtained following DNA extraction. However, only limited research has focused on the preservation of soil-transmitted helminth DNA in stool samples stored at ambient temperature or maintained in a cold chain for extended periods of time. METHODOLOGY: Quantitativ

Detection of viral SARS-CoV-2 genomes and histopathological changes in endomyocardial biopsies.

AIMS: Since December 2019, the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has spread rapidly throughout China and keeps the world in suspense. Cardiovascular complications with myocarditis and embolism due to COVID-19 have been reported. SARS-CoV-2 genome detection in the heart muscle has not been demonstrated so far, and the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms remain to be investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS: Endomyocardial biopsies (EMBs) of 104 patients (mean age: 57.90 ± 16.37 years; left ventricular ejection fraction: 33.7 ± 14.6%, sex: n = 79 male/25 female) with suspected myocarditis or unexplain

Expression of oestrogen receptor, androgen receptor and progesterone nuclear receptor in sheep uterus during the oestrous cycle.

Oestrogen, androgen and progesterone are involved in the regulation of uterine physiological functions, with the participation of the following proteins: oestrogen receptor (ER), androgen receptor (AR) and progesterone nuclear receptor (PGR). In this study, we used immunohistochemistry to detect the localization of ERα, ERβ, AR and PGR in sheep uterus. Additionally, we used real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blot technique to analyse their expression profiles at different stages of sheep oestrous cycle in the endometrium and myometrium. Immunohistochemical analysis showe…

Symptomatic Plasmodium vivax Infection in Rwanda.

We report a Plasmodium vivax infection in a Rwandan child misdiagnosed with Plasmodium falciparum and administered artemether-lumefantrine. Antigen detection revealed an absence of P falciparum histidine-rich protein 2 (HRP2) and presence of Plasmodium vivax lactate dehydrogenase. Nested and real-time polymerase chain reactions verified that the sample only contained P vivax deoxyribonucleic acid.

Aberrant expression of the pluripotency marker SOX-2 in endometriosis.

Expression of the pluripotency factors SOX-2, OCT-4, KLF-4, and NANOG was analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence microscopy in the endometrium, myometrium, and endometriotic tissue of 36 patients. Aberrant expression of SOX-2 may indicate a stem cell origin of endometriosis, whereas the presence of all progenitor markers in endometrial tissue marks the endometrium as a potential source for induced pluripotent stem cell generation.

Development and clinical application of a rapid qPCR instrument featuring three independent temperature modules and a time-based algorithm for respiratory pathogen diagnosis.

BACKGROUND: Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) caused by viruses, bacteria, Mycoplasma, and other microorganisms rank among the most serious human health threats, and they typically manifest similar flu-like symptoms during the early stages of infection. The rapid and accurate diagnosis of pathogens causing ARIs is crucial for treating diseases and controlling pathogen transmission. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) serves as the primary detection method, yet current workflows are time-consuming and have limited multiplexing capacity; thus, they fail to meet on-site d…

Evaluation of microRNA Stability in Plasma and Serum from Healthy Dogs.

BACKGROUND: Early and specific detection of cancer is of great importance for successful treatment of the disease. New biomarkers, such as microRNAs, could improve treatment efficiency and survival ratio. In human medicine, deregulation of microRNA profiles in circulation has shown great potential as a new type of biomarker for cancer diagnostics. There are, however, few studies of circulating microRNAs in dogs. Extracellular circulating microRNAs have shown a high level of stability in human blood and other body fluids. Nevertheless, there are still important issues to be solved before microR

Identification of vaccine-derived polioviruses using dual-stage real-time RT-PCR.

Vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPVs) are associated with polio outbreaks and prolonged infections in individuals with primary immunodeficiencies. VDPV-specific PCR assays for each of the three Sabin oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) strains were developed, targeting sequences within the VP1 capsid region that are selected for during replication of OPV in the human intestine. Over 2400 Sabin-related isolates and identified 755 VDPVs were screened. Sensitivity of all assays was 100%, while specificity was 100% for serotypes 1 and 3, and 76% for serotype 2. The assays permit rapid, sensitive identifi

Есть ли доказательства нового варианта хламидиотрахоматиса в США?

Для обнаружения шведского варианта (nvCT) штамма хламидии трахоматиса (CT) была разработана специальная цепная реакция в режиме реального времени с последующим анализом кривой плавления. Было проведено наблюдение за 476 КТ-позитивными клиническими образцами, полученными в 15 лабораториях по всей территории Соединенных Штатов, с использованием тестов на усиление нуклеиновой кислоты, которые не будут пропущены в NvCT. Все они были отрицательными для nvCT; таким образом, нет никаких доказательств существования nvCT в Соединенных Штатах.

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
A specific real-time polymerase chain reaction followed by melt curve analysis was developed for the detection of the Swedish variant (nvCT) strain of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT). Surveillance was performed on 476 CT-positive clinical specimens obtained from 15 laboratories around the United States using nucleic acid amplification test assays, which would not…

A real-time PCR-based assay for detection of Wuchereria bancrofti DNA in blood and mosquitoes.

We developed and evaluated real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays for detecting Wuchereria bancrofti DNA in human blood and in mosquitoes. An assay based on detection of the W. bancrofti "LDR" repeat DNA sequence was more sensitive than an assay for Wolbachia 16S rDNA. The LDR-based assay was sensitive for detecting microfilarial DNA on dried membrane filters or on filter paper. We also compared real-time PCR with conventional PCR (C-PCR) for detecting W. bancrofti DNA in mosquito samples collected in endemic areas in Egypt and Papua New Guinea. Although the two methods had comparabl…

Institutional outbreak of varicella in a child welfare institute in Chandigarh, North India.

INTRODUCTION: Varicella outbreaks are known to occur in developing nations as vaccine coverage is still low. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In the present study, an institutional outbreak from Chandigarh, India, is reported wherein the utility of non-invasive samples such as saliva and urine was studied for the molecular diagnosis of varicella by conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR), real-time PCR and real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification (real-time LAMP). RESULTS: The results of the present study showed that saliva and urine samples can be used for outbreak investigation of varice