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Interstudy repeatability of left and right ventricular volume estimations by serial-gated tomographic radionuclide angiographies using a cadmium-zinc-telluride detector gamma camera.

PURPOSE: Estimation of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) with 99MTc-HSA equilibrium radionuclide angiography (RA) is frequently used for assessing cardiac function. The purpose of this study was to investigate the interstudy repeatability of left (LV) and right (RV) ventricular volume and ejection fraction estimations, using a cadmium-zinc-telluride (CZT) SPECT camera. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-six patients were scanned twice, interrupted by repositioning. Each acquisition was analysed twice by two experienced technologists. Interstudy and interobserver variations were calculated a

In vivo NIR imaging with CdTe/CdSe quantum dots entrapped in PLGA nanospheres.

Luminescent near-infrared (NIR) CdTe/CdSe QDs were synthesized and encapsulated in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanospheres to prepare stable and biocompatible QDs-loaded nanospheres for in vivo imaging. QDs were encapsulated with PLGA nanospheres by a solid dispersion method and optimized to have high fluorescence intensity for in vivo imaging detection. The resultant QDs-loaded PLGA nanospheres were characterized by various analytical techniques such as UV-Vis measurement, dynamic light scattering (DLS), fluorescence spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Finally,

Label-free fluorescent detection of protein kinase activity based on the aggregation behavior of unmodified quantum dots.

Herein, we present a novel label-free fluorescent assay for monitoring the activity and inhibition of protein kinases based on the aggregation behavior of unmodified CdTe quantum dots (QDs). In this assay, cationic substrate peptides induce the selective aggregation of unmodified QDs with anionic surface charge, whereas phosphorylated peptides do not. Phosphorylation by kinase alters the net charge of peptides and subsequently inhibits the aggregation of unmodified QDs, causing an enhanced fluorescence with a 45 nm blue-shift in emission and a yellow-to-green emission color change. Hence the f

Folate receptor-targeted quantum dot liposomes as fluorescence probes.

In this study, the preparation of the novel imaging agents, folate receptor (FR)-targeted liposomes encapsulating hydrophilic CdTe quantum dots (QDs), and their use as luminescence probes for live cell imaging are reported. Hydrophilic CdTe QDs were directly synthesized in the water phase, and FR-targeted QD liposomes were prepared by hydrating the lipid thin film with CdTe suspension. Formulations were characterized by UV-visible and fluorescent measurements, liposomal particle size, and zeta potential. The targeting and imaging ability of FR-targeted liposomes were investigated against the h

Controlling gene expression in Drosophila using engineered zinc finger protein transcription factors.

Zinc finger protein transcription factors (ZFP TFs) have been designed to control the expression of endogenous genes in a variety of cells. However, thus far the use of engineered ZFP TFs in germline transgenic settings has been restricted to plants. Here we report that ZFP TFs can regulate gene expression in transgenic Drosophila. To demonstrate this, we targeted the promoter of the well-characterized fushi tarazu (ftz) gene with a ZFP TF activator using the VP16 activation domain from Herpes simplex virus, and ZFP TF repressors using the Drosophila methyl-CpG binding domain (MBD)-like Delta

Prognostic Value of Comprehensive Analysis of Metastatic Prostate Tumor Changes from First to Last [177Lu]Lu-PSMA Therapy Injections Through Serial High-Speed Whole-Body 360° Cadmium-Zinc-Telluride SPECT.

Anger SPECT monitoring of [177Lu]Lu-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) therapy provides significant prognostic information about patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) but with 36- to 90-min recording times and partial body coverage. This study assesses the prognostic information from a comprehensive analysis of tumor changes from the first to the last [177Lu]Lu-PSMA therapy injections, as provided by whole-body [177Lu]Lu SPECT recordings from a high-speed 360° cadmium-zinc-telluride (CZT) camera of mCRPC patients. Methods: We included mCRPC patients treat

Uncertainty estimation and statistical comparative methodology for mammography x-ray energy spectra.

Numerical models are an alternative to measurements of x-ray energy spectra when validated by comparative methods that assess the similarity of experimental and calculated spectra. In this work, we compared x-ray energy spectra using several methodologies and determined the methodology with highest statistical power among them. Experiments and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations were used to generate a set of 65 experimental and simulated x-ray mammography spectra pairs typically used in mammography applications. They were generated using Tungsten and Molybdenum targets and Molybdenum and Rhodium fil

Rapid and green synthesis of cadmium telluride quantum dots with low toxicity based on a plant-mediated approach after microwave and ultrasonic assisted extraction: Synthesis, characterization, biological potentials and comparison study.

In this work, a quick, facile and efficient approach was presented for green synthesis of cadmium telluride quantum dots (CdTe QDs) based on an aqueous extract of the Ficus johannis plant. Two extraction methods involving microwave assisted extraction (MWAE; 90 and 270 w; 15 min) and ultrasonic assisted extraction (USAE; 15 min; 45 °C) were performed as eco-friendly, effective, green and fast techniques for the extract preparation of the fruit's plant. The as-prepared plant extracts were used as natural stabilizing precursors in the synthesis of CdTe QDs. The synthesized QDs were characterized

Optimization of a table-top x-ray fluorescence computed tomography (XFCT) system.

Pencil beam x-ray fluorescence computed tomography (XFCT) has typically used a single spectrometer and prohibitively long scan times. However, detecting backscattered fluorescent x-rays from gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using multiple spectrometers greatly reduces image noise and scan time. The arrangement of eight spectrometers for combined K-shell and L-shell XFCT was investigated along with a variety of conditions. A 2.5 cm-diameter cylindrical water phantom containing 4 mm-diameter vials with 0.1%-2% AuNP concentrations by weight was modeled by TOPAS, a GEANT4-based Monte Carlo software. The

Comparison of biventricular ejection fractions using cadmium-zinc-telluride SPECT and planar equilibrium radionuclide angiography.

BACKGROUND: We compared biventricular ejection fractions (EFs) from gated blood-pool single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) using a cadmium-zinc-telluride camera (CZT-SPECT) with planar equilibrium radionuclide angiography (ERNA) using a NaI gamma camera (NaI-planar). We also evaluated whether imaging time can be reduced without compromising image quality using the CZT camera. METHODS: Forty-eight patients underwent NaI-planar and CZT-SPECT on the same day. CZT-SPECT datasets were re-projected at an LAO orientation similar to ERNA acquisition, forming CZT-repro planar datasets. Th

Preparation of pH-stimuli-responsive PEG-TGA/TGH-capped CdTe QDs and their application in cell labeling.

A pH-sensitive and double functional nanoprobe was designed and synthesized in a water-soluble system using thioglycolic acid (TGA) and mercapto-acetohydrazide (TGH) as the stabilizers. TGA is biocompatible because the carboxyl group is easily linked to biological macromolecules. At the same time, the hydrazide on TGH reacts with the aldehyde on poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and forms a hydrazone bond. The hydrazone bond ruptured at specific pH values and exhibited pH-stimuli-responsive characteristics. As an optical imaging probe, the PEG-TGA/TGH-capped CdTe quantum dots (QDs) had high quality,

HER2 monoclonal antibody conjugated RNase-A-associated CdTe quantum dots for targeted imaging and therapy of gastric cancer.

Successful development of safe and effective nanoprobes for targeted imaging and selective therapy of in-situ gastric cancer is a great challenge. Herein, one kind of multifunctional HER2 monoclonal antibody conjugated RNase A-associated CdTe quantum dot cluster (HER2-RQDs) nanoprobes was prepared, its cytotoxicity was evaluated. Subcutaneous gastric cancer nude mouse models and in-situ gastric cancer SCID mouse models were established, and were intravenously injected HER2-RQDs nanoprobes, the bio-distribution and therapeutic effects of HER2-RQDs in vivo were evaluated. Results showed that HER

Biocompatible fluorescence-enhanced ZrO₂-CdTe quantum dot nanocomposite for in vitro cell imaging.

With advances of quantum dots (QDs) in bioimaging applications, various materials have been used to coat QDs to reduce their nanotoxicity; however, the coating could introduce new toxic sources and quench the fluorescence in bioimaging applications. In this work, ZrO₂, an excellent ceramic material with low extinction coefficient and good biocompatibility, is utilized to coat CdTe QDs for the first time. Experimental results show that ZrO₂-QD nanocomposites with the size of ~30 nm possess enhanced fluorescence emission, lower nanotoxicity and gradually increased fluorescence under 350 nm light

Sonication treatment of CdTe/CdS semiconductor nanocrystals and their bio-application.

Ultrasonic irradiation of core/shell structures was shown to lead to low toxicity and high quantum yields relative to thermal methods for bio-application.

Antioxidant effects of Spirulina platensis (Arthrospira platensis) on cyclophosphamide-induced testicular injury in rats.

Cyclophosphamide (CP) is known to reduce fertility. The protective effects of Spirulina plantesis (SP) against CP-induced testicular toxicity were investigated. Male Wistar rats were categorized into eight groups (n = 7). Four groups of rats were administered CP at a dose of 5 mg in 5 mL distilled water kg-1 per day orally. Two of these groups were received SP (500 and 1000 mg kg-1 per day) orally after CP administration. One of these groups was also received vitamin E (100 mg kg-1 per day) intraperitoneally. A vehicle treated control group, two SP control groups (500 and 1000 mg kg-1 per day)

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… 19298191 10.1089/jmf.2007.0713 22 Deng R Chow TJ Hypolipidemic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities of microalgae Spirulina Cardiovasc Ther 2010 28 4 33 45 10.1111/j.1755-5922.2010.00200.x PMC2907180 20633020 23 Yang F Wong KH Yang YF Purification and in vitro antioxidant activities of tellurium-containing … phycobiliproteins from tellurium-enriched Spirulina platensis J Inflamm Res 2014 8 2014 1789 1800 10.2147/DDDT.S62530 PMC4199980 25336922 24 Chamorro-Cevallos G Garduño-Siciliano L Barrón BL Chemoprotective effect of Spirulina (Arthrospira) against cyclophosphamide-induced mutagenicity in mice Food …

Simultaneous detection of TNOS and P35S in transgenic soybean based on magnetic bicolor fluorescent probes.

A magnetic-separation-dual-targets fluorescent biosensor was fabricated to detect terminator nopaline synthase (TNOS) and promoter of cauliflower mosaic virus 35s (P35S) in transgenic soybean based on incorporation of bicolor CdTe quantum dots carried by silica nanospheres. In this protocol, the fixed probes for TNOS or P35S were magnetized firstly with Fe3O4@Au magnetic nanosphere by Au-S covalent bonding to achieve magnetized probes. Meanwhile, the capture probes for TNOS or P35S were functionalized with green or red fluorescent microspheres respectively to obtain fluorescently-labeled probe

Silica-coated CdTe quantum dots functionalized with thiols for bioconjugation to IgG proteins.

Quantum dots (QDs) have been increasingly used in biolabeling recently as their advantages over molecular fluorophores have become clear. For bioapplications QDs must be water-soluble and buffer stable, making their synthesis challenging and time-consuming. A simple aqueous synthesis of silica-capped, highly fluorescent CdTe quantum dots has been developed. CdTe QDs are advantageous as the emission can be tuned to the near-infrared where tissue absorption is at a minimum, while the silica shell can prevent the leakage of toxic Cd(2+) and provide a surface for easy conjugation to biomolecules s

Assessment of myocardial sympathetic innervation with [123I]mIBG myocardial scintigraphy: A comparative study between an Anger and a ring-configured cadmium-zinc-telluride gamma camera.

BACKGROUND: Assessment of myocardial sympathetic innervation with iodine-123-metaiodobenzylguanidine ([123I]mIBG) scintigraphy is conventionally performed by determining the heart-to-mediastinum ratio (HMR) on planar images. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of determining HMR from reprojected [123I]mIBG planar images derived from tomographic data by a ring-configured cadmium-zinc-telluride (CZT) gamma camera and its agreement with HMR determined from [123I]mIBG planar images by an Anger gamma camera, in the assessment of myocardial sympathetic innervation. METHODS: A total of 1

Absolute radiotracer concentration measurement using whole-body solid-state SPECT/CT technology: in vivo/in vitro validation.

The accuracy of recently approved quantitative clinical software was determined by comparing in vivo/in vitro measurements for a solid-state cadmium-zinc-telluride SPECT/CT (single photon emission computed tomography/x-ray computed tomography) camera. Bone SPECT/CT, including the pelvic region in the field of view, was performed on 16 patients using technetium-99m methylene diphosphonic acid as a radiotracer. After imaging, urine samples from each patient provided for the measurement of in vitro radiopharmaceutical concentrations. From the SPECT/CT images, three users measured in vivo radiotra