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Promising Activities of Marine Natural Products against Hematopoietic Malignancies.

According to the WHO classification of tumors, more than 150 typologies of hematopoietic and lymphoid tumors exist, and most of them remain incurable diseases that require innovative approaches to improve therapeutic outcome and avoid side effects. Marine organisms represent a reservoir of novel bioactive metabolites, but they are still less studied compared to their terrestrial counterparts. This review is focused on marine natural products with anticancer activity against hematological tumors, highlighting recent advances and possible perspectives. Until now, there are five commercially avai

Рецепт 1 в диабете и его хронические осложнения: механизмы сигнализации и новые терапевтические достижения.

Диабет моллюсков (DM) — системное метаболическое расстройство, характеризующееся хронической гипергликемией, которая может оказывать воздействие на почки, сетчатку, периферийные нервы и сердечно-сосудистую систему, что в конечном счете приводит к многочисленным хроническим осложнениям. 1 (PAR1) — G-белковый рецептор, приводимый в действие через каноническое декольте, например тромбинированный декольте и неканоническое декольте, например, декольте с помощью активированного белка C или матрицы Metalloproteinase-1. Эти режимы активации инициируют различные каналы подачи сигналов вниз по течению,

Marine Natural Products as Potent Anticancer Agents (2020-2024): Structural Diversity, SARs and Target Prediction.

In recent years, Marine Natural Products (MNPs) have emerged as a significant source for anticancer drug discovery, as many natural products can offer structural diversity, unique mechanisms of action, and relatively low toxicity. This article provides a systematic review of MNPs with reported anticancer activities from 2020 to 2024. These compounds are classified into seven major categories: terpenoids, alkaloids, sterols, polyketides, peptides and proteins, polysaccharides, and macrolides. For each category, we elaborate on the marine sources, structural identification, in vitro anticancer a

Targeting Proteasomes in Cancer and Infectious Disease: A Parallel Strategy to Treat Malignancies and Microbes.

Essential core pathways of cellular biology are preserved throughout evolution, highlighting the importance of these pathways for both bacteria and human cancer cells alike. Cell viability requires a proper balance between protein synthesis and degradation in order to maintain integrity of the proteome. Proteasomes are highly intricate, tightly regulated multisubunit complexes that are critical to achieve protein homeostasis (proteostasis) through the selective degradation of misfolded, redundant and damaged proteins. Proteasomes function as the catalytic core of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathw

A review on clinical cases of rare mold infections and their antifungal treatment strategies.

In recent years, with the growing population of immunocompromised individuals, infections caused by rare environmental molds have become increasingly prevalent and clinically significant. Due to frequent misdiagnosis and difficult clinical management, the overall disease burden of such infections poses a major challenge in clinical practice. This article aims to fill the knowledge gap by reviewing cases of rare mold infections from January 2020 to February 2026, analyzing the susceptible populations, identification techniques, antifungal susceptibility testing, and antifungal treatment strateg

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… Through in vitro experiments, it was confirmed that the HY2-1 lipopeptides mainly damage the integrity of fungal cell membranes and cause oxidative damage, thereby inhibiting P. digitatum ( Liao et al., 2025 ). … Blue callouts identify various antimicrobial agents or substances such as bamboo vinegar powder, HY2-1 lipopeptides, Romanian propolis and honey, cinnamon essential oil, LCEO, peptide thanatin, SPE, CEA, EOs, and a list including trans-cinnamaldehyde and related compounds. …

Efficacy of Polymer-Based Nanocarriers for Co-Delivery of Curcumin and Selected Anticancer Drugs.

Cancer remains a heavy health burden resulting in a high rate of mortality around the world. The presently used anticancer drugs suffer from several shortcomings, such as drug toxicity, poor biodegradability and bioavailability, and poor water solubility and drug resistance. Cancer is treated effectively by combination therapy whereby two or more anticancer drugs are employed. Most of the combination chemotherapies result in a synergistic effect and overcome drug resistance. Furthermore, the design of polymer-based nanocarriers for combination therapy has been reported by several researchers t

Advances in Peptidomimetics for Next-Generation Therapeutics: Strategies, Modifications, and Applications.

Over the past two decades, peptide drug discovery has experienced a remarkable renaissance, with organic chemistry and biotechnology emerging as pivotal tools for developing peptidomimetics that exhibit improved stability, specificity, and bioavailability compared to conventional peptides. This review systematically examines methodologies for modifying peptide backbones to achieve targeted properties, highlighting recent advances facilitated by modern biotechnological innovations for novel molecular transformations. Additionally, the review emphasizes the practical applications of peptides and

Role of macrophages in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common and most intensively studied chronic inflammatory skin diseases. Several cofactors, such as an impaired skin barrier function, modifications of the immune system, and a complex genetic background, direct the course of AD. Within this complex network, macrophages play a pivotal role in enhanced susceptibility to cutaneous infections and act as central connecting components in the pathogenesis of AD on the cellular level. In AD, macrophages are known to accumulate in acutely and chronically inflamed skin. During the early and short inflammatory ph

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… Studies using knockout mice identified TLR-1 as the coreceptor required for the recognition of triacylated lipoproteins and lipopeptides such as Pam3Cys [ 36 ]. … Differential recognition of structural details of bacterial lipopeptides by Toll-like receptors. European Journal of Immunology. 2002;32:3337–3347. doi: 10.1002/1521-4141(200212)32:12<3337::AID-IMMU3337>3.0.CO;2-#. 37. Takeuchi O, Kawai T, Mühlradt PF, et al. …

The Molecular Basis and Clinical Consequences of Chronic Inflammation in Prostatic Diseases: Prostatitis, Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia, and Prostate Cancer.

Chronic inflammation is now recognized as one of the major risk factors and molecular hallmarks of chronic prostatitis, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and prostate tumorigenesis. However, the molecular mechanisms by which chronic inflammation signaling contributes to the pathogenesis of these prostate diseases are poorly understood. Previous efforts to therapeutically target the upstream (e.g., TLRs and IL1-Rs) and downstream (e.g., NF-κB subunits and cytokines) inflammatory signaling molecules in people with these conditions have been clinically ambiguous and unsatisfactory, hence foster

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… TLR5 can sense flagellin derived from flagellated bacteria while TLR6 (CD286) is activated by triacylated lipopeptides of bacteria and diacetylated lipopeptides from Mycoplasma sp. … TLR9 is also located in the endosome and can sense unmethylated CpG islands of bacterial and viral DNA, hemozoin from Plasmodium falciparum ; TLR10 recognizes triacylated lipopeptides from bacteria; TLR11 can recognize profilin from Toxoplasma gondii and Uro-pathogenic bacteria; TLR12 can recognize profilin …

Noncanonical Matrix Metalloprotease 1-Protease-Activated Receptor 1 Signaling Drives Progression of Atherosclerosis.

OBJECTIVE: Protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR1) is classically activated by thrombin and is critical in controlling the balance of hemostasis and thrombosis. More recently, it has been shown that noncanonical activation of PAR1 by matrix metalloprotease-1 (MMP1) contributes to arterial thrombosis. However, the role of PAR1 in long-term development of atherosclerosis is unknown, regardless of the protease agonist. APPROACH AND RESULTS: We found that plasma MMP1 was significantly correlated (R=0.33; P=0.0015) with coronary atherosclerotic burden as determined by angiography in 91 patients with

Mucin1 as a potential molecule for cancer immunotherapy and targeted therapy.

Mucin1 is a highly glycosylated type 1 transmembrane mucin that ranks second among 75 tumor-related antigens published by the National Cancer Institute, and has been identified as a possible therapeutic target over the past 30 years. MUC1 plays an important role in malignant transformation and disease evolution, including cell proliferation, survival, self-renewal, and metastatic invasion. MUC1 has been shown to interact with diverse effectors such as β-catenin, receptor tyrosine kinases, and cellular-abelsongene, which are of importance in the pathogenesis of various malignant tumors. Targeti

Natural Modulators of Endosomal Toll-Like Receptor-Mediated Psoriatic Skin Inflammation.

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease that can be initiated by excessive activation of endosomal toll-like receptors (TLRs), particularly TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9. Therefore, inhibitors of endosomal TLR activation are being investigated for their ability to treat this disease. The currently approved biological drugs adalimumab, etanercept, infliximab, ustekinumab, ixekizumab, and secukizumab are antibodies against effector cytokines that participate in the initiation and development of psoriasis. Several immune modulatory oligonucleotides and small molecular weight compounds, incl

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… TLR2 and TLR6 form a complex that selectively recognizes mycoplasma macrophage-activating lipopeptide 2, whereas a heterodimer composed of TLR2 and TLR1 selectively recognizes bacterial lipoproteins and triacyl lipopeptides. Natural ligands of TLR10 have not yet been identified [ 49 – 51 ]. …

Antibiotics: Conventional Therapy and Natural Compounds with Antibacterial Activity-A Pharmaco-Toxicological Screening.

Antibiotics are considered as a cornerstone of modern medicine and their discovery offers the resolution to the infectious diseases problem. However, the excessive use of antibiotics worldwide has generated a critical public health issue and the bacterial resistance correlated with antibiotics inefficiency is still unsolved. Finding novel therapeutic approaches to overcome bacterial resistance is imperative, and natural compounds with antibacterial effects could be considered a promising option. The role played by antibiotics in tumorigenesis and their interrelation with the microbiota are sti

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… The first natural product-derived antibiotics approved for human use were daptomycin and retapamulin, members of the lipopeptide and pleuromutilin classes. … This category includes β-lactams, aminoglycosides, glycopeptides, ansamycins, quinolones, streptogramins, lipopeptides and macrolides [ 2 ]. As regards the bacteriostatic agents, their effect consists of halting the bacterial cellular activity and growth without triggering cell death [ 42 ]. …

Многоступенчатые ассоциации патогенеза и болезней Mycobacterium avium подраздел паратуберкулез.

Mycobacterium avium subsp. паратуберкулез (MAP) является основным агентом причинно-следственной связи болезни Джона (JD) в румынках и имеет потенциальные последствия для здоровья населения. Совокупные эпидемиологические и молекулярные данные предполагают, что MAP может способствовать болезни Крона (CD), в то время как его связь с множественным склерозом (MS), тип 1 Болелезный диабет (T1DM) и амиотропический боковой склероз (ALS) остаются ассоциативными без подтвержденной причинно-следственной связи. В настоящем описательном обзоре синтезируются данные о распределении по окружающей среде, генот

Immune mediated support of metastasis: Implication for bone invasion.

Bone is a common organ affected by metastasis in various advanced cancers, including lung, breast, prostate, colorectal, and melanoma. Once a patient is diagnosed with bone metastasis, the patient's quality of life and overall survival are significantly reduced owing to a wide range of morbidities and the increasing difficulty of treatment. Many studies have shown that bone metastasis is closely related to bone microenvironment, especially bone immune microenvironment. However, the effects of various immune cells in the bone microenvironment on bone metastasis remain unclear. Here, we describe

Unlocking the Therapeutic Potential of Algae-Derived Compounds in Hematological Malignancies.

Algae are a rich source of bioactive compounds that have a wide range of beneficial effects on human health and can show significant potential in the treatment of hematological malignancies such as leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. These diseases often pose a therapeutic challenge despite recent advances in treatment (e.g., the use of immunomodulatory drugs, proteasome inhibitors, CD38 monoclonal antibodies, stem cell transplant, and targeted therapy). A considerable number of patients experience relapses or resistance to the applied therapies. Algal compounds, alone or in combination

Marine-Derived Compounds: A New Horizon in Cancer, Renal, and Metabolic Disease Therapeutics.

Marine-derived compounds represent a rich source of structurally diverse molecules with therapeutic potential for cancer, renal disorders, metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), and atherosclerosis. This review systematically evaluates recent advances, highlighting compounds such as Microcolin H, Benzosceptrin C, S14, HN-001, Equisetin, glycosides (e.g., cucumarioside A2-2), ilimaquinone, and Aplidin (plitidepsin). Key mechanisms include autophagy modulation, immune checkpoint inhibition, anti-inflammatory effects, and mitochondrial homeostasis. Novel findings reveal glycosides' dua

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… Microcolin H Microcolin H, a marine-derived lipopeptide, functions as a ligand for phosphatidylinositol transfer proteins, specifically targeting the PITPα and PITPβ isoforms. 3.1.1. … Cytotoxic Microcolin Lipopeptides from the Marine Cyanobacterium Moorea producens. J. Nat. Prod. 2019;82:2608–2619. doi: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00549. 52. Li F.-L., Fu V., Liu G., Tang T., Konradi A.W., Peng X., Kemper E., Cravatt B.F., Franklin J.M., Wu Z., et al. …

The Impact of NLRP3 Activation on Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) is an intracellular protein that after recognizing a broad spectrum of stressors, such as microbial motifs and endogenous danger signals, promotes the activation and release of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18, thus playing an essential role in the innate immune response. Several blood cell types, including macrophages, dendritic cells, and hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), express NLRP3, where it has been implicated in various physiological and pathological processes. For example, NLRP3 participates in the development a

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… For example, Staphylococcus aureus activates the NLRP3 inflammasome by releasing bacterial lipopeptides, which activates Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and by directly releasing the pore-forming toxin α-hemolysin. …

Прогресс в развитии лекарственных средств на основе пептида: платформы для доставки, терапевтические средства и вакцины.

Успешное утверждение лекарств на основе пептида можно отнести на счет совместных усилий по целому ряду дисциплин. Интеграция новых методов разработки и синтеза лекарственных средств, отображение библиотечных технологий, систем доставки, достижений в области биоинженерии и искусственного интеллекта в значительной степени ускорила разработку новейших лекарств на основе пептида, эффективно устраняя препятствия, связанные с их характером, такие, как быстрое обезвреживание и деградация, необходимость субколичественной инъекции, ведущей к усилению дискомфорта пациентов, и в конечном итоге продвигая

Inflammasomes in Cancer Progression and Anti-Tumor Immunity.

The inflammasomes are critical regulators of innate immunity, inflammation and cell death and have emerged as important regulators of cancer development and control. Inflammasomes are assembled by pattern recognition receptors (PRR) following the sensing of microbial- or danger-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs/DAMPs) and elicit inflammation through the oligomerization and activation of inflammatory caspases. These cysteinyl-aspartate proteases cleave the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 into their biologically active mature form. The roles of the inflammasomes and associated pro-i

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… ATP Binding by NLRP7 Is Required for Inflammasome Activation in Response to Bacterial Lipopeptides. Mol. Immunol. 67, 294–302. 10.1016/j.molimm.2015.06.013 Rauch I., Deets K. A., Ji D. X., von Moltke J., Tenthorey J. L., Lee A. Y., et al. (2017). …