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Histopathological investigation in Glycine receptor antibody positive progressive encephalomyelitis with rigidity and myoclonus (PERM): A case report.

OBJECTIVE: Progressive encephalomyelitis with rigidity and myoclonus (PERM) is a rare autoimmune neurologic disorder associated with antibodies against the glycine receptor (GlyR). Neuropathologic descriptions are limited. We here report clinical and autopsy findings of a patient with GlyR antibody-associated PERM. METHODS: Comprehensive postmortem neuropathologic examination was performed using routine histology, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence across neocortical, subcortical, brainstem, cerebellar, and spinal cord regions. Antibodies included GAD65/67, GlyR, IBA1, CD163, GFAP, …

Association between myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome and irritable bowel syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) are chronic, debilitating disorders characterized by substantial symptom burden, impaired quality of life, and high healthcare utilization. IBS is a disorder of gut-brain interaction with a global prevalence ranging from 3.8% to 9.2%, while ME/CFS is defined by persistent, exertion-intolerant fatigue and multisystem dysfunction. Growing evidence suggests frequent co-occurrence of these conditions, implicating shared mechanisms such as immune dysregulation, autonomic imbalance, and altered…

Indistinguishable mitochondrial phenotypes after exposure of healthy myoblasts to myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome or control serum.

Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (ME) / Chronic Fatigue Syndrome is a disease of uncertain aetiology that affects up to 400,000 individuals in the UK. Exposure of cultured cells to the sera of people with ME has been proposed to cause phenotypic changes in these cells in vitro when compared to sera from healthy controls. ME serum factors causing these changes could inform the development of diagnostic tests. In this study, we performed a large-scale, pre-registered replication of an experiment from Fluge et al (2016) that reported an increase in maximal respiratory capacity in healthy myoblasts after…

Neurovascular and synaptic milieu of brain-resident cells in cognitive dysfunction of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Cognitive dysfunction (“brain fog”), encompassing impairments in attention, processing speed, memory, and executive function, is a prevalent and disabling feature of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). While systemic immune abnormalities are well documented, the central nervous system processes linking peripheral immune disturbance to cognitive impairment remain poorly defined, limiting mechanism-based stratification and therapeutic development. MAIN BODY: This review synthesizes evidence from neuroimaging, neuroimmunology, neurovascular biology, and cellul…

Porphyromonas gingivalis поощряет передачу Т-клеток через канал сигнала NF-_B/CXCR3 в экспериментальном аутоиммунном энцефаломиелите.

Множественный склероз (MS) является хроническим аутоиммунным заболеванием центральной нервной системы (CNS); его моделью является экспериментальный аутоиммунный энцефаломиелит (EAE). Периодонтит с участием Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) был связан с MS и продемонстрировал, что он усугубляет EAE, однако механизмы остаются неясными. МЕТОДЫ: Мыши были случайны four группы (n = 8): контроль, только периодонтит, только EAE и EAE с периодонитом. Ежедневно проводилась оценка неврологического дефицита. Спинальный CD4+ и CD4+CXCR3+ T-фильтрация и активация NF-_B были оценены иммунофлюоресценц

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS); experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is its model. Periodontitis involving Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) has been linked to MS and shown to exacerbate EAE, but mechanisms remain unclear. METHODS: Mice were randomized into four group…

Influence of different administration routes of live avian encephalomyelitis vaccine during simultaneous administration of live Fowlpox vaccine.

Vaccination is essential for disease control in laying hens. The avian encephalomyelitis (AE) vaccine is administered with the fowlpox (FP) vaccine by wing-web puncture, but its performance during concurrent FP vaccination remains unclear. This study evaluated AE vaccine responses during concurrent FP vaccination. At 56 days of age, hens received AE and FP vaccines simultaneously. In the wing-web group, vaccines were mixed and administered by wing-web puncture. In the drinking water group, the AE vaccine was given in drinking water during FP vaccination. Fecal and blood samples were collected …

Electronic Health Record-Based Estimates of Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis Epidemiology in a Large Healthcare Network, 2000-2025.

BACKGROUND: Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a rare, rapidly progressive, immune-mediated demyelinating disorder with limited contemporary data describing its epidemiology in adults and real-world uptake of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) autoantibody testing. METHODS: We used the TriNetX global collaborative network (112 contributing healthcare organizations) to estimate ADEM prevalence and incidence rates from 2000 to 2025, both overall and stratified by age of onset, sex, race, and ethnicity. We also assessed uptake of MOG autoantibody testing among people with an A…

Metabolomic Classification of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome via Explainable Ensemble Learning and Pareto-Guided Feature Selection.

Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a debilitating multisystem illness characterised by post-exertional malaise, non-restorative sleep, and cognitive impairment, yet no objective diagnostic biomarkers have been established. Untargeted plasma metabolomics provides a broad view of the biochemical disturbances underlying ME/CFS; however, the high dimensionality of omics datasets and the limited interpretability of conventional classifiers nevertheless hinder translation into clinical practice. This study evaluates three ensemble classifiers-Explainable Boosting Machine …

Vitamin D in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome After COVID-19 or Vaccination: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) can develop as post-vaccination syndrome (PVS) or Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC). In our prior retrospective study, most patients with PVS who developed ME/CFS had vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency. We evaluated the efficacy of vitamin D replacement therapy guidance for ME/CFS symptom improvement in patients with vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency. Methods: This open-label randomized controlled trial enrolled 91 participants with ME/CFS as PVS or PASC and serum 25(OH) vitamin D < 30 ng/mL across …

Bilateral Optic Neuritis in Paediatric Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis: A Case Report of Clinical Challenges and Management Outcomes.

Paediatric optic neuritis is a rare inflammatory demyelinating condition that frequently presents with bilateral involvement and a generally … were negative, suggesting a seronegative monophasic demyelinating event such as acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) spectrum. The patient was treated with high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) followed by a six-week oral steroid taper, resulting in a rapid recovery of VA to 6/6 bilaterally. At the six-month follow-up, the patient remained asympto …

A microRNA atlas of CD4+ T cell subsets in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis identifies regulators of disease pathogenesis.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of CD4+ T cell differentiation, but how they contribute to the course of an autoimmune disease in vivo remains poorly studied. Given the known roles in autoimmunity of pro-inflammatory T helper 1 (Th)1 and Th17 cells, and anti-inflammatory Foxp3+ regulatory cells, we established a triple reporter mouse for Ifng, Il17 and Foxp3, and subjected it to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) to characterize the miRNomes of the corresponding CD4+ T cell subsets. We identified 110 miRNAs differentially expressed between the pro-inflammatory (Th1 and Th17 …

Mapping the Evolution of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Research (2000-2024): A Global Bibliometric and Knowledge Domain Analysis.

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a pivotal animal model for multiple sclerosis (MS) research. This study provides a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of 9,435 EAE-related publications from the Web of Science Core Collection (2000-2024) to map the research landscape, identify trends, and highlight emerging frontiers. The analysis reveals a shift from initial rapid growth to a stabilized output, with the USA, Germany, and China as the leading contributors. Immunology and Neurosciences form the core disciplines, with increasing integration of cell biology, microbiology, and ph…

SV2A PET reveals synaptic density loss in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and in a pilot multiple sclerosis study.

Synaptic loss is increasingly recognized as a key pathological feature in multiple sclerosis (MS), contributing to disease progression and cognitive dysfunction. Synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A (SV2A) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging has emerged as a promising tool for quantifying synaptic density in vivo. Here, we used the clinically translatable tracer [18F]SynVesT-1 to comprehensively characterize synaptic density across the brain and spinal cord in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model of MS. In parallel, we performed SV2A PET in patients with MS using …

Correction: Mitochondrial transplantation ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by modulating the Th17/Treg balance and restoring metabolic homeostasis.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1698136.].

Comparing DNA Methylation Landscapes in Peripheral Blood from Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Long COVID Patients.

Post-viral conditions, Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) and Long COVID (LC), share > 95% of their symptoms, but the connection between disturbances in their underlying molecular biology is unclear. This study investigates DNA methylation patterns in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from patients with ME/CFS, LC, and healthy controls (HC). Reduced Representation Bisulphite Sequencing (RRBS) was applied to the DNA of age- and sex-matched cohorts: ME/CFS (n = 5), LC (n = 5), and HC (n = 5). The global DNA methylomes of the three cohorts were similar and spread …

Awareness and Perception of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Among Pain Specialists: A Questionnaire-Based Study.

BACKGROUND: This study aims to explore the perceptions and clinical approaches of pain management specialists toward myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), a condition characterized by persistent fatigue, widespread pain, unrefreshing sleep, and autonomic dysfunction. Given the challenges in diagnosis and management, pain specialists may play a pivotal role in symptom relief. By identifying variations in evaluation and treatment practices, this study seeks to enhance the recognition of ME/CFS and improve its clinical management within pain medicine. MATERIAL AND METHODS:…

PD-1 Bispecific Killer Engager (PD-1 BiKE) effectively depletes effector T lymphocytes in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

BACKGROUND: Bispecific killer engagers (BiKEs), which harness natural killer cells to deplete target cells, have garnered success in ablating tumor cells but have not been well explored in eliminating primary cells, such as effector cells in autoimmune diseases. Previously, we reported a BiKE that targeted human lymphocytes expressing programmed death-1 (PD-1). The BiKE was shown to promote NK cell-mediated depletion of PD-1+ cells in vitro. Here, we posited that a mouse-specific PD-1 BiKE could be used as a tool to deplete PD-1+ cells in vivo. METHODS: PD-1 BiKE was designed and produced in

Incidence and Prevalence of Post-COVID-19 Myalgic Encephalomyelitis: A Report from the Observational RECOVER-Adult Study.

BACKGROUND: Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) may occur after infection. How often people develop ME/CFS after SARS-CoV-2 infection is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence and prevalence of post-COVID-19 ME/CFS among adults enrolled in the Researching COVID to Enhance Recovery (RECOVER-Adult) study. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: RECOVER-Adult is a longitudinal observational cohort study conducted across the U.S. We included participants who had a study visit at least 6 months after infection and had no pre-existing ME/CFS, grouped as (1) acute infecte…

Поправка: P2X7R-antagonist AFC-5128 улучшает хронический экспериментальный аутоиммунный энцефаломиелит в профилактической и терапевтической парадигме.

[Это корректирует статью ДОИ: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1554999.]

Крисдесалазин смягчает воспаление в экспериментальной аутоиммунной энцефаломиэлитовой модели склерозной мыши, регулируя иммунную систему.

Микроглиа/макропатии участвуют в разработке и восстановлении экспериментального аутоиммунного энцефаломиелита (EAE), а процесс перехода на макрофаж M1 (провоспалительное)/M2 (против воспаления) осуществляется на этапе развития заболеваний EAE. Мы провели оценку эффективности хрисдезалезина (нового микросомального простагландина E2 ингибитора синтазы-1) в модели EAE, включая его иммунную силу регулирования в липополисакхаридно-стимулированных макрофагах, и его нейрозащитное воздействие в макрофаге-еврокультуре. Крисдезалезин значительно смягчил клинические симптомы, интрузивную инфильтрацию кле

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Microglia/macrophages participate in the development of and recovery from experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), and the macrophage M1 (pro-inflammatory)/M2 (anti-inflammatory) phase transition is involved in EAE disease progression. We evaluated the efficacy of crisdesalazine (a novel microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1 inhibitor) in an EAE mod…