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Multiple sclerosis: free light chains in cerebrospinal fluid.

We found free light chains in the CSF of 18 MS patients, but not in any of 14 patients with other neurologic disease. CSF from all MS patients contained kappa and lambda chain dimers, less frequently contained light chain monomers, and never contained free gamma heavy chains. Light chains were not detected in matched serum samples. CSF from MS patients did not release free light chains from whole IgG in CSF of controls. The findings suggest that these free light chains originate in plasma cells, not from degradation of whole IgG.

Multiple sclerosis in childhood: long term katamnestic investigations.

Sixteen children with multiple sclerosis, 14 with remitting and 2 with progressive course, and their follow up for 4-16 (mean, 9 years) are reported. The disease manifested in eight children at the age of 1.5-9 years, while in the other eight at the age of 12-14 years. The cases were acute, but had a stronger inclination to remission than in adulthood. In addition to the "classical" symptoms known in adult, multiple sclerosis, papilloedema and acute increased intracranial pressure were observed in nine children. Dehydrating treatment was life saving in these cases. Opsoclonus occurred in two p…

Peripheral blood lymphocyte sub-populations and multiple sclerosis.

Serial studies of lymphocyte sub-populations in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) show periodic reductions in OKT8 cells (%). This alteration is neither immunologically nor disease-specific and also occurs in some apparently healthy normal individuals. In twice-monthly serial studies of lymphocyte sub-populations carried out over a 6-month period, we have found significant reductions in OKT8 cells on at least 2 occasions in 9/9 patients, 7/7 spouses and 3/11 siblings, but rarely in unrelated controls living in the same city. Abnormalities in these unaffected people occurred at the same tim…

Manic syndrome associated with multiple sclerosis: secondary mania?

Mania is generally assumed to be a "primary" affective disorder and is usually regarded as part of bipolar manic-depressive disease or as unipolar mania. Suggestions that manic states can be causally related to organic dysfunction--medical and pharmacological--are found in the most recent literature. These manic states are best considered "secondary" manias. We present a patient in whom mania occurred in association with multiple sclerosis. We assumed that, in this patient, the temporal coincidence of neurological and manic manifestations was not accidental, but that the manic state was caused…

Cerebrospinal fluid myelin basic protein and multiple sclerosis.

We have previously reported that myelin basic protein appears in CSF during acute attacks of multiple sclerosis. These studies have been extended to over 700 patients, 91 with multiple sclerosis. The data continues to indicate that myelin basic protein is released into cerebrospinal fluid during acute attacks of multiple sclerosis. We are currently characterizing the basic protein in the CSF.

Comorbidity and modifiable risk factors in multiple sclerosis.

Multi-system comorbidities are common in patients with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) and significantly influence the disease's presentation and progression. A comorbidity is defined as an illness other than the specific disease of interest (in this case, MS). Generally, chronic or recurrent conditions are included, while transient conditions such as infection or concussion are excluded. Certain modifiable metabolic diseases in PwMS, such as hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and modifiable health factors such as smoking, alcohol, and obesity, are also considered part of MS comorbidity in this r…

Multiple sclerosis and uveitis: Clinical characteristics and prognosis.

BACKGROUND: The neurological prognosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) varies across clinical patterns but remains unclear when associated with uveitis. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the neurological prognosis and clinical characteristics of MS-associated uveitis compared with MS without uveitis. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective case-control study including 35 patients with MS-associated uveitis and 102 matched MS controls (1:3; age, sex, MS course). Clinical and neurological data were extracted from the Lyon Cohort Uveitis and the EDMUS database. The primary endpoint was the difference in Expan…

Conventional and Emerging MRI Biomarkers of Multiple Sclerosis.

MRI plays a central role in the diagnosis and management of multiple sclerosis (MS), and the 2017 revised McDonald criteria have improved the sensitivity and accuracy for early diagnosis. While these criteria have been validated and improve patient outcomes, the improper application of these practice standards-especially in cases of atypical presentations-can lead to misdiagnosis. To enhance diagnostic specificity, emerging MRI biomarkers such as the central vein sign and paramagnetic rim lesions are now incorporated into the 2024 revised McDonald criteria. These biomarkers show promise for di…

Investigations of remibrutinib in models pertinent to multiple sclerosis.

Inhibitors of Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) are actively being pursued as potential disease-modifying therapies for multiple sclerosis (MS), as attested by several completed or ongoing Phase 3 clinical trials. Yet, key aspects of BTK inhibitors biology remain unclear. Here, we assessed the effects of remibrutinib, a BTK inhibitor in Phase 3 MS trials, in preclinical models of MS. Remibrutinib was evaluated in the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)35-55 model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and in the lysolecithin model of demyelination. In culture, we assessed its abil…

Rethinking prognosis in multiple sclerosis: a multiaxial perspective.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a condition marked by considerable prognostic uncertainty, despite advances in therapeutic strategies and biomarker development. Current approaches to prognosis are largely focused on disease burden, failing to consider the influence of compensatory mechanisms, which complicate the evaluation of long-term outcomes. No unified framework currently exists to guide the integration of diverse prognostic factors, ranging from lesion burden and location to neuroaxonal injury, structural and cognitive reserve, lifestyle and digital biomarkers. To address this gap, a consorti…

COVID-19 and Radiological Progression of Multiple Sclerosis.

Background/Objectives: SARS-CoV-2 infection may exacerbate neuroinflammation in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and thus accelerate MS progression. Previous studies have reported an increased risk of disability and lesion burden among those infected with SARS-CoV-2 while others reported no differences compared to COVID- controls. We aimed to determine whether COVID-19 is associated with accelerated radiological progression of MS. Methods: This single-center, retrospective longitudinal study included patients with pre-existing relapsing-remitting MS. We identified 34 SARS-CoV-2-positive M…

The Interplay of Neighborhood Deprivation, Race, and Multiple Sclerosis.

OBJECTIVES: Sociodemographic factors (SDFs) are associated with disparities in multiple sclerosis (MS) outcomes (eg, exacerbations, treatment status), yet the role of modifiable patient-reported health care experiences remains unclear. In this study, we explored neighborhood deprivation and race in relation to patient-reported SDFs and clinical characteristics as contributors to Black-White MS disparities. METHODS: A cross-sectional study conducted between 2021 and 2022 with 80 Black and 106 White patients with MS whose data were linked with the Area Deprivation Index (ADI). MAIN OUTCOME MEA…

Technological solutions for multiple sclerosis: a scoping review.

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects nearly 3 million people worldwide. It can lead to cognitive impairment, physical disability, and a reduced quality of life. Technological innovations have demonstrated significant potential in supporting individuals living with chronic conditions, including MS. PURPOSE: This study aims to synthesize existing evidence on technological solutions designed to support people with MS across various aspects of disease management and daily living. METHODS: A literature search w…

Multiple sclerosis and the limits of classical autoimmune theory.

Concepts of autoimmune disease have traditionally emphasized genetic susceptibility, antigen-specific immune activation, and inflammation as linear drivers of tissue injury and clinical symptoms. While this framework has been highly successful in explaining disease initiation and guiding the development of immunomodulatory therapies, accumulating evidence indicates important limitations in its capacity to account for long-term disease outcomes. In this review, we use multiple sclerosis (MS) as an illustrative case through which autoimmune theory can be critically examined. MS provides strong s…

Присутствие и воздействие усталости у пациентов с множественным склерозом.

Усталость часто встречается в множестве склерозов (MS) и отрицательно сказывается на функционировании и качестве жизни. Мы изучили клинические корреляции усталости, ее связь с депрессией и сонливостью, а также вопрос о том, улучшают ли лекарственные препараты, связанные с усталостью, результаты, о которых сообщают пациенты. В. МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ 203 Ветераны, классифицируемые по признаку наличия или отсутствия усталости. Первичными результатами были изменения в шкале усталости (СФС), изменённой шкале воздействия на усталость (MFIS) и шкале сна Epworth (ESS) от базового уровня до базового уровн

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND Fatigue is common in multiple sclerosis (MS) and adversely affects function and quality of life. We examined clinical correlates of fatigue, its relationship with depression and sleepiness, and whether fatigue-related medications improve patient-reported outcomes. MATERIAL AND METHODS This single-center, longitudinal observational study retrospect…