Результаты поиска

African Organization for Research and Training in Cancer: position and vision for cancer research on the African Continent.

The African Organization for Research and training in Cancer (AORTIC) bases the following position statements on a critical appraisal of the state on cancer research and cancer care in Africa including information on the availability of data on cancer burden, screening and prevention for cancer in Africa, cancer care personnel, treatment modalities, and access to cancer care.

AI predictive modeling of survival outcomes for renal cancer patients undergoing targeted therapy.

Renal clear cell cancer (RCC) is a complex disease that is challenging to predict patient outcomes. Despite improvements with targeted therapy, personalized treatment planning is still needed. Artificial intelligence (AI) can help address this challenge by developing predictive models that accurately forecast patient survival periods. With AI-powered decision support, clinicians can provide patients with tailored treatment plans, enhancing treatment efficacy and quality of life. The study analyzed 267 patients with renal clear cell carcinoma, focusing on 26 who received targeted drug therapy.

A comprehensive economic assessment of the burden of obesity in Kuwait.

BackgroundObesity is a complex public health issue that has risen to epidemic proportions globally. The aim of this study was to estimate the economic costs associated with obesity from governmental and societal perspectives in the State of Kuwait in 2024.MethodsA disease-specific prevalence-based cost-of-illness framework was applied. Key parameters include prevalence of obesity and its related comorbidities, relative risks, healthcare resources, income rate and growth, and lost workdays for patients and relatives, all were derived from literature. The outcomes measured were total healthcare

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Likewise, data on life expectancy were obtained from the analysis of population forecasting scenarios for the GBD study [ 53 ]. …

Эффект здоровой вакцины при оценке обновленного COVID-19 вакцины для пожилых людей.

Установленные факторы, определяющие состояние здоровья пожилых людей, помогают определять рутинные процедуры управления указанными вакцинами, в то время как неизмеримая слабость может ограничивать доступ к вакцинам. Мы оцениваем эффективность работы 2024-2025 COVID-19 вакцина адаптирована к Omicron JN.1 в шведском населении в возрасте ≥65 годы (N = 245 696). Эффективность вакцин (VE) COVID-19-related В период с октября в различных группах проводится оценка госпитализации и негативных результатов контроля (НКО; смертность от всех причин) 1, 2024 по март 31, 2025. В.Е. 75% (В тыс.95% CI 70%-79%)

MicroRNA-Based Risk Score for Predicting Tumor Progression Following Radioactive Iodine Ablation in Well-Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Patients: A Propensity-Score Matched Analysis.

To identify molecular markers that can accurately predict aggressive tumor behavior at the time of surgery, a propensity-matching score analysis of archived specimens yielded two similar datasets of DTC patients (with and without RAI). Bioinformatically selected microRNAs were quantified by qRT-PCR. The risk score was generated using Cox regression and assessed using ROC, C-statistic, and Brier-score. A predictive Bayesian nomogram was established. External validation was performed, and causal network analysis was generated. Within the eight-year follow-up period, progression was reported in 5

Predictive Modeling of Pharmacokinetic Drug-Drug and Herb-Drug Interactions in Oncology: Insights From PBPK Studies.

Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is increasingly used to anticipate, quantify, and strategically manage drug-drug (DDI) and herb-drug (HDI) interactions that can alter the exposure of chemotherapy agents together with co-administered phytochemicals or nutraceuticals. To evaluate current knowledge, we performed a comprehensive Google Scholar search (2003-2024) and selected studies that employed PBPK platforms, reported quantitative validation, and focused on chemotherapy-related interactions. From these reports, key modeling parameters, validation metrics, and clinically re

Global burden of cancer attributable to high BMI (1990-2031): a multidimensional analysis based on GBD and Mendelian randomization.

ObjectiveObesity-related health burdens have emerged as particularly intractable public health issues on a global scale. This study aims to analyze the association between body mass index (BMI) and 12 types of cancer, examine the regional, gender, and age disparities in cancer burden attributable to high BMI, and project the disease burden trends over the next decade based on available data.MethodsData for this study were sourced from the Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) Open Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) Project and the 2021 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database. Using Mendelian r

Demographic shift disproportionately increases cancer burden in an aging nation: current and expected incidence and mortality in Hungary up to 2030.

BACKGROUND: Population aging is a common demographic pattern in developed countries, and aging increases the risk of cancer. The disproportionately high cancer burden, as a consequence, is especially pronounced in Central and Eastern European countries, including Hungary. METHODS: We summarized current and projected future cancer incidences and mortalities utilizing data from the last two decades. Predictions are based on cancer incidence and mortality collected between 1996 and 2015 in Hungary. In addition to the crude rates, data were age standardized to the European standard population (ES

The needs of cancer patients during the COVID-19 pandemic-psychosocial, ethical and spiritual aspects-systematic review.

The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in unprecedented changes in the functioning of the health care system, which were connected with the occurrence of new challenges for both the health care system's employees and for the patients. The purpose of the present article is to analyze the needs of persons with oncological diseases. Taking into account the multiple aspects of the term health, psychological, social, and existential needs of the patients were analyzed. This article is directed mainly at persons who remain in a direct therapeutic relation with a patient. It is to facilitate recognizing the

Long-Term Projections of Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Japan and Decomposition Analysis of Changes in Cancer Burden, 2020-2054: An Empirical Validation Approach.

PurposeThe aim of this study was to project new cancer cases/deaths forward to 2054, and decompose changes in cancer cases/deaths to assess the impact of demographic transitions on cancer burden.MethodsWe collected data on cancer cases/deaths up to 2019, empirically validated the projection performance of multiple statistical models, and selected optimal models by applying time series cross-validation.ResultsWe showed an increasing number of new cancer cases but decreasing number of cancer deaths in both genders, with a large burden attributed to population aging. We observed the increasing in

Radiomics analysis of thoracic vertebral bone marrow microenvironment changes before bone metastasis of breast cancer based on chest CT.

Bone metastasis from breast cancer significantly elevates patient morbidity and mortality, making early detection crucial for improving outcomes. This study utilizes radiomics to analyze changes in the thoracic vertebral bone marrow microenvironment from chest computerized tomography (CT) images prior to bone metastasis in breast cancer, and constructs a model to predict metastasis.MethodsThis study retrospectively gathered data from breast cancer patients who were diagnosed and continuously monitored for five years from January 2013 to September 2023. Radiomic features were extracted from the

Artificial intelligence for risk assessment and outcome prediction in malignant haematology.

Risk stratification is the backbone of clinical decision-making for patients with haematological malignancies. Models currently used in routine clinical practice often rely on static rules, conventional statistics and expert consensus. While pragmatic and accessible, these models fail to capture the complex biological interactions and patient heterogeneity, especially as data dimensionality grows given the availability of more comprehensive molecular analysis. Artificial intelligence (AI), particularly machine learning (ML), offers the potential to process such high-dimensional data, uncover l

Global, regional, and national burden of 34 cancer groups across 204 countries and territories, 1990-2021, and projections to 2050: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

IntroductionDetailed, comprehensive, and timely reporting on cancer incidence, mortality, and associated burdens is essential for understanding the evolving trends of this complex disease. This study aims to evaluate the burdens of 34 types of cancer across 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021, incorporating the latest epidemiological data to provide a framework for policy discussions, resource allocation, and research prioritization.MethodsUsing data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 study, we analyzed 34 cancer types across 204 countries from 1990 to 2021, stratifying b

From Lab to Clinic: Success Stories of Repurposed Drugs in Treating Major Diseases.

Drug repurposing, the process of identifying new therapeutic uses for existing drugs, has emerged as a cost-effective and time-saving alternative to traditional drug development. This strategy leverages the known pharmacological and safety profiles of approved or investigational drugs to accelerate their clinical application for other diseases. In recent years, repurposed drugs have played a crucial role in addressing treatment gaps in complex and multifactorial diseases such as cancer, neurodegenerative disorders and infectious diseases. This review highlights prominent examples where repurpo

Burden and temporal trends of non-communicable diseases from 1990 to 2021 and prediction to 2035 in the group of twenty countries: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

BackgroundNon-communicable diseases (NCDs) represent a major global public health threat, closely linked to disruptions in host-microbe symbiosis and metabolic homeostasis. The Group of Twenty (G20) comprises the world's major economic powers with diverse developmental stages, yet the NCD burden and its potential implications for host and ecosystem resilience remain poorly characterized across these nations. This study aimed to systematically estimate the burden, temporal trends, and future projections of NCDs from 1990 to 2021 and up to 2035 in G20 countries.MethodsUsing data from the Global

Диагностический потенциал двух новых биомаркеров для спектра нейромиелита оптики и множественной склероза

Фон: В настоящее время нет тестов, которые могут однозначно диагностировать и различать нейромиелит оптического спектра (NMOSD) от множественной скlerоза (МС). Методы: Сначала были использованы протеомные исследования спинно-мозговой жидкости (ССФ) для выявления новых биомаркеров, которые различают NMOSD от МС в группах из 10 пациентов с МС и 10 пациентов с NMOSD. Далее биомаркеры были проверены с помощью метода связывания иммунно-электрофоретической реакции и образцов ССФ и сыворотки от 20 пациентов с МС, 20 пациентов с NMOSD, 20 непатологических нейрологических контролей и 20 здоровых контро

Машинное обучение алгоритмов вводит эвоидные потенциальные возможности в качестве альтернативных биомаркеров для расширения масштабов инвалидности, прогнозируя пациентов с множественным склерозом.

Заметно возросло значение машинного обучения (ML) в области медицины, главным образом благодаря расширению доступа к медицинским данным и прогрессивному совершенствованию алгоритмов ML. Таким образом, ML может использоваться для разработки прогнозных моделей, способствующих диагностике заболеваний, прогнозированию развития заболеваний, адаптации лечения к индивидуальным потребностям пациентов и повышению оперативной эффективности систем здравоохранения. Своевременное обнаружение того или иного заболевания способствует эффективному лечению симптомов и гарантирует надлежащее лечение. В случае мн

Therapeutic drug monitoring for cytotoxic anticancer drugs: Principles and evidence-based practices.

Cytotoxic drugs are highly efficacious and also have low therapeutic index. A great degree of caution needs to be exercised in their usage. To optimize the efficacy these drugs need to be given at maximum tolerated dose which leads to significant amount of toxicity to the patient. The fine balance between efficacy and safety is the key to the success of cytotoxic chemotherapeutics. However, it is possibly more rewarding to obtain that balance for this class drugs as the frequency of drug related toxicities are higher compared to the other therapeutic class and are potentially life threatening

Does childhood obesity foreshadow a future time-bomb of early and more aggressive cancers?

There has been a global explosion in the prevalence of childhood obesity with 20% of children worldwide now growing up with excess weight and, despite many calls for interventions to redress the costs to health and society, rates continue to rise. It has also recently been observed that there is a global trend with the incidence of early-onset cancers, diagnoses prior to age 50, increasing. We outline the different lines of evidence implicating that these two trends may be linked. Conclusive proof will only be obtained when longitudinal studies, initiated after the current surge in childhood o

Health Risks from Microplastics in Intravenous Infusions: Evidence from Italy, Spain, and Ecuador.

The rising incidence of microplastics (MPs) is a possible health risk to humans. The present study aims to analyze the presence of MPs in intravenous (IV) infusions and compare MP concentrations from multiple brands. The IV solutions of 29 medical devices (IV-MDs) from seven brands commercialized in Ecuador, Spain, and Italy have been selected under specific consideration to carry out the study. The detection of MPs has been quite obvious in almost all of the samples from brands in the mentioned countries. MP concentrations ranged from 9 to 20 MPs/L in glass containers to 166-299 MPs/L in plas