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[Indication, management and problems of cardiac transplantation].

Cardiac transplantation (HTx) remains one of the most important options for the management of end stage heart failure which is treated with optimal medical therapy. Evolving surgical techniques (implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD), cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT)) and mechanical device-therapie (ventricular assist devices (VAD)) and medical therapies have yielded incremental improvements in outcomes. These alternatives to HTx, however, usually only postpone the occurrence of the final end stage situation. This explains why HTx remains the last option for a substantial number o

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: an Italian monocentric experience on the health assessment and eligibility of adult-related donors.

IntroductionIndications for HSCT are increasing worldwide, paralleled by a growing demand for donors of therapeutic cells.MethodsHerein, we report our real-world experience of adult HPC donor assessment during a 5-year study period (2018-2023): we have retrospectively revised data of 455 potential related stem cell donors, consecutively evaluated at our center. Donor medical history was assessed by a questionnaire and an interview with a trained physician experienced in donation procedures to evaluate donor fitness and medical history. Pre-existing health disorders were fully investigated. Beh

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… Further multicenter studies on larger donor populations are worthy to compare donor selection policies and come to definite conclusions. Data availability statement The raw data supporting the conclusions of this article will be made available by the authors, without undue reservation. … Development of an unrelated donor selection score predictive of survival after HCT: donor age matters most . Biol Blood Marrow Transplant . ( 2018 ) 24 : 1049–56 . doi: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2018.02.006 PMC5953795 29454040 46 Marnell CS Bick A Natarajan P . …

Why some canine and feline blood donors do not make the cut: A cohort study.

BACKGROUND: While there has been extensive investigation into the selection and retention of human blood donors, veterinary research in this area is limited. This study aimed to identify the reasons for the rejection and withdrawal of canine and feline blood donors from a blood donation programme. METHODS: Records of cats and dogs presenting as prospective blood donors and/or donating between 2014 and 2019 were analysed. Reasons for rejection at sign-up were categorised into medical and temperament. Reasons why animals left before retirement age were categorised into medical, temperament and

ABO-Incompatible Kidney Transplantation as a Strategic Expansion Tool in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

The persistent disparity between organ supply and demand remains the principal limitation to kidney transplantation worldwide. ABO-incompatible kidney transplant has progressively evolved from an experimental procedure to an established strategy for expanding the living donor pool. This review critically evaluated whether ABO-incompatible kidney transplant represents a justified, effective, and feasible solution in low- and middle-income countries. We conducted a structured review of international registry data, meta-analyses, and major cohort studies to assess epidemiology, historical evoluti

Transmission and Non-transmission of Melanoma From Deceased Solid Organ Donors to Transplant Recipients: Risks and Missed Opportunities.

BACKGROUND: Biovigilance concerns are in tension with the need to increase organ donation. Cancer transmission risk from donor to recipient may be overestimated, as non-transmission events are rarely reported. We sought to estimate melanoma transmission risk in deceased organ donation and identify missed opportunities for donation in an Australian cohort with high melanoma prevalence. METHODS: We used a population-based approach and linked deceased organ donors, transplant recipients, and potential donors forgone, 2010-2018, with the Central Cancer Registry (CCR), 1976-2018. We identified mel

Donor sequence number is not associated with worse lung transplant outcomes regardless of transplant center case volume.

BACKGROUND: Potential lung transplantation (LTx) recipients are assigned a donor sequence number (DSN) based on their position on the match list. Since a higher DSN offer has already been declined for other recipients, some providers may assume that a high DSN connotates poorer allograft quality. This study evaluated the association between DSN and outcomes, the correlation between transplant program case volume and the utilization of higher DSN lungs, and whether LTx outcomes differ between lower- and higher-volume programs. METHODS: Using the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients dat

Short-Term Graft Failure of Organs Procured from Drug-Related Deaths Compared with Other Causes of Death.

BACKGROUND: A gap exists between the number of patients on the national organ transplant waiting list and the number of transplants performed. Victims of drug and overdose-related death are increasingly utilized as organ donors. We sought to evaluate the suitability of organs from drug and overdose-related death for organ transplantation. This study compares the proportion of short-term allograft failure of organs procured from patients with drug-related deaths with those without drug-related deaths. METHODS: Organ donations after drug-related deaths (DDD) were compared with organ donations f

Prevalence and causes of blood donor deferrals among clients presenting for blood donation in northern Tanzania.

INTRODUCTION: Blood is an important requirement in different medical and surgical conditions with half of all donations are from developing countries. Lack of eligibility among blood donors who present for blood transfusion, called blood donor deferral is associated with the unsustainable and inadequate amount of blood collected by blood banks worldwide. However, the prevalence and causes of blood donor deferrals are not well known in Tanzania where less than one-third of actual needs of blood is collected, leading to unmet demand of blood for transfusion, and causing unwanted morbidity and mo

Transplantation of Livers from Old Donors: Pushing the Envelope Beyond the Seventh Decade.

BACKGROUND: The lack of organs for liver transplantation has prompted transplant professionals to study potential solutions, such as the use of livers from donors older than 70 years. This strategy is not widely accepted because potential risks of vascular and biliary complications and recurrence of hepatitis C. OBJECTIVES: To examine the efficacy and safety of liver grafts from older donors for transplantation. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of data on 310 adults who underwent deceased donor liver transplantation between 2005 and 2015 was conducted. We compared graft and recipient surviv

Use of Blood Donor Screening to Monitor Prevalence of HIV and Hepatitis B and C Viruses, South Africa.

Among 397,640 first-time blood donors screened in South Africa during 2012-2015, HIV prevalence was 1.13%, hepatitis B virus prevalence 0.66%, and hepatitis C virus prevalence 0.03%. Findings of note were a high HIV prevalence in Mpumalanga Province and the near absence of hepatitis C virus nationwide.

A Cluster of Fatal Tick-borne Encephalitis Virus Infection in Organ Transplant Setting.

BACKGROUND: Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) infection has become a major health problem in Europe and is currently a common cause of viral brain infection in many countries. Encephalitis in transplant recipients, althrough rare, is becoming a recognized complication. Our study provides the first description of transmission of TBEV through transplantation of solid organs. METHODS: Three patients who received solid organ transplants from a single donor (2 received kidney, and 1 received liver) developed encephalitis 17-49 days after transplantation and subsequently died. Blood and autopsy

A liver donor with double hepatic artery aneurysm: a saved graft.

The shortage of organs and the increasing median age of deceased donors for orthotopic liver transplantation stimulate transplant centres to accept grafts that otherwise would have been discarded due to severe vascular abnormalities. We encountered a donor with two arterial aneurysms and a left accessory hepatic artery: an arterial aneurysm of the common hepatic artery and a left accessory hepatic artery arising from a second aneurysm of the left gastric artery (Michels type V). A complex reconstruction was created to transplant the liver. Multiple arterial anastomosis was made and the hepatic

Facilitation of blood donation amongst haemochromatosis patients.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: The standard medical therapy for haemochromatosis is iron removal by regular phlebotomy. Current guidelines suggest that this blood should be made available through national blood services. Here, we describe a pilot facilitating the process of blood donation amongst uncomplicated haemochromatosis patients. METHODS/MATERIALS: At a dedicated clinic, patients with uncomplicated haemochromatosis interested in becoming blood donors were offered an information leaflet and self-referral application. Upon receipt, members of the local Blood Service contacted them to confirm elig

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α(Pro-582-Ser) polymorphism prevents iron deprivation in healthy blood donors.

BACKGROUND: Frequent blood loss induces progressive depletion of iron stores, leading to iron deficiency and, ultimately, to overt iron-defi … e data need to be confirmed in prospective studies, they could have important implications in blood donor selection and donation procedures.

The degree of safety of family replacement donors versus voluntary non-remunerated donors in an Egyptian population: a comparative study.

BACKGROUND: Screening donated blood for transfusion-transmissible infections is considered an important strategy for maximising the safety of blood transfusions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 17,118 donors, classified into two groups--family replacement donors and voluntary non-remunerated donors--were investigated for hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen and antibodies against hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Treponema pallidum. In addition cytomegalovirus (CMV) antibodies were searched for in 160 donors (80 from each group). All the laboratory tests wer

Attitudes of sperm, egg and embryo donors and recipients towards genetic information and screening of donors.

BACKGROUND: Gamete and embryo donors undergo genetic screening procedures in order to maximise the health of donor-conceived offspring. In the era of genomic medicine, expanded genetic screening may be offered to donors for the purpose of avoiding transmission of harmful genetic mutations. The objective of this study was to explore the attitudes of donors and recipients toward the expanded genetic screening of donors. METHODS: Qualitative interview study with thematic analysis, undertaken in a tertiary fertility centre. Semi-structured in-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with eleve

Primary cell cultures versus immortalized cell lines: critical comparative insights into biological fidelity and translational applications.

In vitro cell culture models are fundamental to biomedical research, yet the choice between primary cell cultures and immortalized cell line … medicine. We further discuss innovative approaches, including conditional reprogramming, optimized donor selection, pooled-donor strategies, and standardized culture protocols, that enhance reproducibility and functional stability. By integrating comparative evidence with methodological advances, this review provides a critical framework for selecting appropriat …

Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation as a Platform to Treat Chemorefractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Adult Patients.

Adult patients affected by acute myeloid leukemia who fail to achieve remission after two cycles of intensive chemotherapy based on a combin … rate these results. Optimization of alloreactivity against leukemic cells can be achieved by proper donor selection, by the early withdrawal of immunosuppressive therapy, by post-transplant administration of donor lymphocyte infusions as prophylaxis of leukemia relapse, and by several other maintenance and preemptive therapies. Far from being the final stage of c …

Revisiting reference intervals in transfusion medicine: Innovations and challenges in current practice.

Reference intervals (RIs) are essential for donor selection, blood component quality, and post-transfusion safety in transfusion medicine. The CLSI EP28 non-parametric method, based on the Harris-Boyd framework, is widely used but has limitations in handling outliers and skewed distributions. Emerging computational approaches, including Expectation-Maximization (EM), reflimR, and refineR, offer improved RI estimation. This study evaluates the limitations of CLSI EP28 in transfusion medicine and compares EM, reflimR, and refineR to assess their effectiveness in refining RI estimation.A simulate…

Deceased-Donor Kidney Transplant Outcome Prediction Using Artificial Intelligence to Aid Decision-Making in Kidney Allocation.

In kidney transplantation, pairing recipients with the highest longevity with low-risk allografts to optimize graft-donor survival is a comp … med the KDPI in evaluating transplant pairs based on graft survival, potentially enhancing deceased donor selection. Advanced computing is poised to influence kidney allocation schemes.