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Splenosis as an incidental finding in a patient with multifactorial anemia.

A clinical case of a patient from our institution under study for anemia of multifactorial origin in whom splenosis was detected as an incidental finding.

A Case of Aplastic Anemia Complicated With Cerebral Infarction.

Aplastic anemia is usually associated with hemorrhagic stroke. Here, we report a case of ischemic stroke secondary to aplastic anemia in a 28-year-old male who presented with sudden-onset right hemiplegia and aphasia when he was not on any immunosuppression for five months. His laboratory findings showed pancytopenia, and his peripheral blood smear showed no atypical cells. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain with magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) of the neck and brain vessels revealed an infarct in the left cerebral hemisphere in the middle cerebral artery territory, and no significant…

PB2693: ANEMIA IN HEMATOLOGIC MALIGNANCIES: NOT ONLY A SYMPTOM.

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… Independently of renal impairment, the prevalence of anemia at time of diagnosis was 59.7%; 62% of them were male. … Figure 1: Overall survival of patients with and without anemia at time of diagnosis of hematologic malignancies. …

A Case of Pernicious Anemia Presenting With Severe Hemolysis.

Vitamin B12 deficiency is a well-known and overall common disease. While the etiology of vitamin B12 deficiency varies from post-surgical changes to inadequate dietary consumption, pernicious anemia should be considered as it is a common cause. Pernicious anemia is an autoimmune atrophic gastritis impairing the absorption of vitamin B12. Manifestations include neurological changes, macrocytic anemia, glossitis, and nail changes. Hemolytic anemia is an unusual complication of vitamin B12 deficiency and an even more unusual initial presentation. This case identifies a patient with previously und…

Impact of Agricultural Irrigation on Anemia in Western Kenya.

Expanding agricultural irrigation efforts to enhance food security and socioeconomic development in sub-Saharan Africa may affect malaria transmission and socioeconomic variables that increase the risk of anemia in local communities. We compared the prevalence of anemia, Plasmodium falciparum infection, and indicators of socioeconomic status related to nutrition in communities in Homa Bay County, Kenya, where an agricultural irrigation scheme has been implemented, to that in nearby communities where there is no agricultural irrigation. Cross-sectional surveys conducted showed that anemia preva…

Anemia and iron deficiency in patients with atrial fibrillation.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac tachyarrhythmia and has a rising global prevalence. Given the increasing burden of AF-related symptoms and complications, new approaches to management are required. Anemia and iron deficiency are common conditions in patients with AF. Furthermore, emerging evidence suggests that the presence of anemia may be associated with worse outcome in these patients. The role of anemia and iron deficiency has been extensively explored in other cardiovascular states, such as heart failure and ischemic heart disease. In particular, the role of iron replet…

Momelotinib: an emerging treatment for myelofibrosis patients with anemia.

The suite of marked anemia benefits that momelotinib has consistently conferred on myelofibrosis (MF) patients stem from its unique inhibitory activity on the BMP6/ACVR1/SMAD and IL-6/JAK/STAT3 pathways, resulting in decreased hepcidin (master iron regulator) expression, higher serum iron and hemoglobin levels, and restored erythropoiesis. Clinical data on momelotinib from the phase 2 and the two phase 3 SIMPLIFY trials consistently demonstrated high rates of sustained transfusion-independence. In a recent phase 2 translational study, 41% of the patients achieved transfusion independence for ≥…

A challenging case of anemia, respiratory failure and seizures.

BACKGROUND: Hemorrhagic Hereditary Telangiectasia (HHT), or  Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome,  is a rare genetic disorder characterized by mucocutaneous telangiectasias and visceral arteriovenous malformations. AIM AND METHODS: We describe the case of a 64-year old woman  in which radiology was useful to interpret an apparently unexplained constellation of symptoms. RESULTS: Brain MRI showing ischemic stroke, pulmonary angiography demonstrating arteriovenous malformations, and capsule endoscopy detecting telangiectasias in the jejunum, along with a clinical history of recurrent epistaxis, allowed

[Anemia in Chronic Kidney Disease: The State of the Art].

The aging of the population has led to an increased prevalence of chronic diseases such as chronic kidney disease. Anemia is one of the most frequent complications of chronic kidney disease, with an impact not only on the quality of life but also on the patient's prognosis and associated costs. Knowledge in this therapeutic area has increased significantly: from the appearance of recombinant erythropoietin in 1989, through the use of increasing doses of parenteral iron and, more recently, to new molecules such as hypoxia-inducible factor inhibitors. The aim of this article is to present a prag…

Pathophysiology and therapeutic management of anemia in gastrointestinal disorders.

INTRODUCTION: Anemia is a common complication of gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, with a prevalence up to 60% in celiac disease (CeD) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most prevalent form of anemia in these conditions, but chronic inflammation and vitamin B12 deficiency represent other common contributing mechanisms, especially in IBD. AREAS COVERED: We discuss the pathogenesis of anemia in various medical GI disorders, the sometime problematic distinction between IDA, anemia of inflammation (AI) and the association of the two, and therapeutic and preve…

Current concepts in the evaluation and management of preoperative anemia.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: In the past years, patient blood management (PBM) has evolved to improve patient's care and safety. Anemia is one of the most common medical diseases in the world and is an independent risk factor for morbidity and mortality. Iron deficiency is the main cause for anemia and constitutes a potentially preventable condition with a great impact on surgical outcome. However, preoperative anemia management is not yet established in most hospitals. Changing workflows and re-thinking is challenging. Numerous published studies confirmed the positive effect of preoperative anemia diag…

Evaluation of Serum Electrolyte Levels in Patients With Anemia.

INTRODUCTION: Anemia is one of the most prevalent diseases globally. Various diseases have linked anemia with electrolyte disturbance. However, the local data are limited. In this study, we will determine the prevalence of electrolyte imbalance in anemic patients. METHODS: This case-control study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital from January 2021 to July 2021. A total of 500 anemic patients were enrolled in the study after informed consent. Another 500 non-anemic patients were enrolled as the control group. Blood was taken from both groups and send for assessment of electrolytes. RE…

Effect of Anemia on the Prognosis of Patients with Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias.

This study evaluates the prognostic impact of anemia in patients presenting with ventricular tachyarrhythmias. The present longitudinal, observational, registry-based, monocentric cohort study included retrospectively all consecutive patients presenting with ventricular tachyarrhythmias on admission from 2002 to 2016. Anemic patients (hemoglobin levels <12.0 g/dl) were compared with non-anemic patients (hemoglobin levels ≥12.0 g/dl). The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality at 2.5 years. Secondary endpoints were cardiac death at 24 hours, all-cause mortality at index hospitalization, and t…

Role of proteinuria in the anemia of chronic kidney disease.

The most important contributors to the anemia of patients with chronic kidney disease are insufficient erythropoietin production and erythropoietin hyporesponsiveness, decreased red blood cell half-life, iron deficiency, and inflammation. However, in contrast to the role of kidney failure, that of proteinuria and nephrotic syndrome is less clear. Bissinger et al. now provide evidence in mouse models and patients with chronic kidney disease that heavy proteinuria alters erythrocyte metabolism and increases erythrocyte death.

Aplastic Anemia in a Patient with Cronkhite-Canada Syndrome.

Cronkhite-Canada syndrome (CCS) is a rare polyposis disorder accompanied by alopecia and onychodystrophy. A 63-year-old man with a history of CCS and repeated embolism developed progressive thrombocytopenia and mild anemia. Laboratory testing, a bone marrow examination, and magnetic resonance imaging of the spine resulted in a diagnosis of concurrent aplastic anemia (AA). Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH)-type cells were detected in a peripheral blood specimen. In addition, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) included DRB1*15:01 and DRB1*15:02. Mesalazine was discontinued in consideration of…

The Value of Duodenal Biopsies in the Evaluation of Megaloblastic Anemia.

Introduction Megaloblastic anemia is one of the common causes of anemia in India. Duodenal biopsies are routinely performed in the investigation of megaloblastic anemia. The present study was undertaken to analyze the value of duodenal biopsy in megaloblastic anemia and to correlate endoscopic findings with biopsy. As a secondary aim, the study has also analyzed the hematological profile and vitamin B 12 and folate status of these patients. Materials and Methods All the cases of megaloblastic anemia with bone marrow studies diagnosed at PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research during the…

Prevention of iron deficiency anemia in infants and toddlers.

Anemia, defined as a low blood hemoglobin concentration, is a major global public health problem. Identification of anemia is crucial to public health interventions. It is estimated globally that 273 million children under 5 years of age were anemic in 2011, and about ~50% of those cases were attributable to iron deficiency (Lancet Global Health 1:e16-e25, 2013). Iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) in infants adversely impacts short-term hematological indices and long-term neuro-cognitive functions of learning and memory that result in both fatigue and low economic productivity. IDA contributes to de…