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Genomic epidemiology of carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae circulating in a Chilean tertiary-care hospital (2021-2022): Molecular characterization, resistance-virulence convergence, and clinical associations.

Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kp) is a Gram-negative bacillus responsible for approximately 10% of nosocomial bacterial infections and one-third of Gram-negative bacterial infections in hospitalized patients. The rise of multidrug-resistant and hypervirulent strains makes it a significant public health issue. This study characterized carbapenem-resistant Kp (CR-Kp) strains isolated at the Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile (HCUCH) 2021-2022 and explored associations with clinical characteristics. 45 CR-Kp strains from 29 patients in critical care units were analyzed. Mass spectrometry was used for…

Relationship between intrinsic and extrinsic factors with Erosive Tooth Wear in adults: a cross-sectional study.

The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between intrinsic and extrinsic factors and a high cumulative score of the Basic Erosive Wear Examination (BEWE) in a Chilean adult group. A cross-sectional study was performed with the Ethics Committee's approval from the Universidad de los Andes. A consecutive adult (18 to 46 years old) sampling (n = 553) from the Health Center in San Bernardo-Chile, was selected from September 2016 to January 2017. Dental exams were performed by two trained and calibrated examiners, according to the BEWE index. In order to search for potentially re…

Protocol for outpatient management in cleft lip and palate repair.

Cleft lip is a common malformation in Chile. The standard care for cleft lip and palate repair is inpatient admission; this is mainly to observe complications and administer intravenous fluids, antibiotics, and analgesics. In our center, however, a strict selection of patients undergo ambulatory surgeries. In this paper, we illustrate our experience managing outpatient cleft lip and palate repair and show that it is possible to carry out a successful ambulatory surgery with few to no complications in children and adults with cleft lip and palate.

[Dipylidium caninum infection in a 2 year old infant: case report and literature review].

Dipylidiasis is a zoonotic parasitic infection caused by the dog tapeworm Dipylidium caninum; it affects both feline and canine species and accidentally, humans. In Chile, as well as in other countries, it is an uncommon infection. A case of a 2 year old child from Casablanca, (a city located in the Valparaíso Region), with an infection by D. caninum, is presented. Clinical manifestations are reviewed, as well as epidemiology in domestic and wild animals, cases among the published national literature and its treatment and prevention strategies.

Отсутствие юмористической реакции у фламинго и краснокожих ястребов на экспериментальную вакцинацию вакциной от вируса Западного Нила.

Шестнадцать чилийских фламинго, фиокоптерус-хиллз и 10 краснокожих ястребов, Бутео Джамакенсис, были привиты в грудной мышце с 0,2 мл вакцины от вируса Западного Нила, произведенной на коммерческой основе и предназначенной для использования на лошади. Половина птиц каждого вида получили вакцинацию от ускорителя через 3 недели после первой инъекции. Через три недели после вакцинации ускорителя ни у одного из 13 обследованных птиц не было обнаруживаемого антитела против вируса Западного Нила.

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Sixteen Chilean flamingos, Phoenicopterus chiles, and 10 red-tailed hawks, Buteo jamacensis, were vaccinated in the pectoral muscle with 0.2 ml of a commercially produced killed West Nile virus vaccine intended for use in horses. Half the birds of each species received a booster vaccination 3 weeks after the first injection. Three weeks after the booster vac…

"Between the cross and the sword": Brazilian children face an influenza epidemic while still dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic.

The Influenza activity remained at inter-seasonal levels; however, influenza A(H3N2) detections continue to increase in Brazil, Chile, Paraguay, and Uruguay. Most of the activity and rising trend of A(H3N2) detections are recorded in Brazil. A bulletin issued by the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz) reported significant presence of the influenza A virus, both in children and in the adult population, among cases of SARS-Cov-2.This situation is worrying, as vaccination campaigns were hampered by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Induction of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies by CoronaVac and BNT162b2 vaccines in naïve and previously infected individuals.

BACKGROUND: A major challenge of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is to better define "protective thresholds" to guide the global response. We aimed to characterize the longitudinal dynamics of the antibody responses in naturally infected individuals in Chile and compared them to humoral responses induced after immunization with CoronaVac-based on an inactivated whole virus -or the BNT162b2- based on mRNA-vaccines. We also contrasted them with the respective effectiveness and efficacy data available for both vaccines. METHODS: We determined and compared the longitudinal neutralizing (nAb) and anti-nuc…

Uncommon locations of abdominal hydatid disease.

South Chile is an endemic zoonosis area of hydatid disease, where prevalence rates can be 30 to 40/100 000 habitants. Not only is surgery performed on a great number of liver and lung hydatid cysts every year, but also upon cysts found in uncommon abdominal locations such as spleen, peritoneum and kidney. Information on this subject is scarce. We reviewed PubMed index from 1975 to 2001 and found only five related articles, reporting more than 30 cases.

[Contracaecum sp. larvae (Nematoda, Anisakidae) infection in Salminus maxillosus (Pisces, Characidae) in the dam of Termas de Río Hondo, Argentina].

Between 1992 and 1993, ten characid fishes, Salminus maxillosus from Termas de Río Hondo pond (27 degrees 33' S 64 degrees 57' W), Argentina were examined for Contracaecum sp. infection. Larvae were isolated from peritoneum of intestine and piloric ceca of salmonids. Morphological characteristics of larvae are described with optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Morphological comparisons between Contracaecum sp. from S. maxillosus, and Contracaecum rudolphii from freshwater fishes species from Southern Chile and Argentina are given.

[Female genitoperitoneal tuberculosis an in force pathology].

We present the experience during 1987-1991 years, about Female Genital Tuberculosis, at the University of Chile Clinical Hospital. We present 16 cases with histologic and bacteriologic demonstration; in two cases also positive cultures for myco bacterium tuberculosis. It is made emphasis about personal characteristics of patients physical examination findings, laboratories procedures and technics of diagnostic, treatment and posterior control of patients. We comments utility of new procedures as laparoscopy, gynecologic sonography and A.D.A. analysis of ascitis.

[Treatment failure in community-acquired pneumonia: coccidioidomycosis in a traveler patient].

Treatment failure in community-acquired pneumonia is defined as a clinical condition with inadequate response to antimicrobial therapy. Resistant and unusual microorganisms and noninfectious causes are responsible for treatment failure. Coccidioides immitis is a fungus that causes pneumonia in the northern hemisphere, especially in the United States and northern Mexico. We report a case of pulmonary coccidioidomycosis imported from Mexico to Chile. After a comprehensive study, histopathology was able to establish Coccidiodes immitis as the causative agent, achieving clinical and radiological i…

[Disseminated fusariosis by Fusarium oxysporum in an adult patient with acute myeloid leukemia and severe febrile neutropenia].

We report the first case of disseminated fusariosis in an adult patient in Chile, with a hematologic neoplasia and chemotherapy that evolved with febrile prolonged neutropenia, refractory, treated with wide spectrum antibiotics and that developed a systemic infection with sinusal, cutaneous and pulmonary compromise by Fusarium oxysporum. He was refractory to antifungal treatment with amphotericin B deoxycholate and caspofungin that were administered in a sequential schedule. The fatal outcome of this patient was associated to persistent neutropenia and infection caused by a filamentous fungus …

Intraoperative ultrasonography in liver cancer.

IOUS has become increasingly important for surgical resection in patients with cirrhosis and healthy liver. IOUS is important in the diagnosis and staging of liver cancer and as an element of the surgical technique, and IOUS can now be considered a fundamental tool for hepatobiliary and other surgical procedures [3]. The American College of Surgeons has recently recognized the need for surgeons to have specific training in ultrasonography. Meanwhile, dedicated monographs on IOUS have been published in the United States, Chile, and Europe [39-42].

Geospatial Distribution of Food Environments and Their Association with Sociodemographic Factors in Two Mid-Sized Chilean Cities.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The spatial interaction between obesity, diet-related chronic diseases, premature mortality, food environments, and social determinants of health is a global concern. This study aimed to analyze the spatial distribution of healthy and unhealthy food outlets in two medium-sized cities in southern Chile. METHODS: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted to characterize the food environment in two medium-sized cities in Chile. Food outlets were geolocated and classified as healthy, regular, or unhealthy, and into four food environment categories (institutional o…

Validation of the cultural adaptation of the "Long Coronavirus Disease (COVID) Symptom and Impact Tools" for the Chilean population.

INTRODUCTION: The Long Coronavirus Disease (COVID) Symptom and Impact Tools (ST and IT) are self-administered instruments designed to monitor symptoms and the impact of long COVID. We translated and culturally adapted these tools for use in Chile. This study evaluated internal consistency and test-retest reliability for the IT, described reported symptoms with the ST, and explored changes over time. METHODS: The first phase, previously published, involved translation and cultural adaptation. The second phase included 28 patients with persistent COVID-19 symptoms; 20 completed a second assessm…

Eyes of the storm: Biographical disruption and political context of ocular trauma victims during the 2019 Chilean uprising.

This article investigates the profound impact of ocular trauma on victims of police repression during Chile's social uprising in October 2019. The uprising led to an unprecedented number of ocular trauma cases, similar to those seen in wartime, often resulting in various degrees of blindness. Utilizing the concept of biographical disruption, the study examines how the sudden onset of blindness disrupts daily life, compelling individuals to redefine their sense of self and their life narratives. A qualitative meta-analysis of testimonies reveals that this abrupt and violent loss of vision irrev…

Supplemental description of Benedenia seriolae (Yamaguti, 1934) Meserve, 1938 (Monogenoidea: Capsalidae) and first record of the parasite infecting a wild greater amberjack, Seriola dumerili (Risso, 1810) Hureau and Tortonese, 1973 (Carangiformes: Carangidae) from the northern Gulf of Mexico.

We herein provide a supplemental description of Benedenia seriolae (Yamaguti, 1934) Meserve, 1938 (Monogenoidea: Capsalidae Baird, 1853) based on specimens we collected from the skin of wild-caught greater amberjack (Seriola dumerili) in the northern Gulf of Mexico (GOM). Our specimens of B. seriolae from the GOM resemble those of Benedenia humboldti Baeza, Sepúlveda, and González, 2019 (from yellowtail amberjack, Seriola lalandi Valenciennes, 1833 [Carangidae] off Chile) by having a large body (>7000 μm in total length), non-overlapping anterior and posterior hamuli, an entirely sinistral and…

The first genome-wide association study in the Argentinian and Chilean populations identifies shared genetics with Europeans in Alzheimer's disease.

INTRODUCTION: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are fundamental for identifying loci associated with diseases. However, they require replication in other ethnicities. METHODS: We performed GWAS on sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) including 539 patients and 854 controls from Argentina and Chile. We combined our results with those from the European Alzheimer and Dementia Biobank (EADB) in a meta-analysis and tested their genetic risk score (GRS) performance in this admixed population. RESULTS: We detected apolipoprotein E ε4 as the single genome-wide significant signal (odds ratio  = 2.9…

Childhood leukemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma survivors lack knowledge about their past disease and possible late effects. I-BFM ELTEC study with Chilean and Croatian participation.

PURPOSE: Late effects in childhood cancer survivors are a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The objective was to establish knowledge about the disease, late effects, self-care practices, application of health knowledge/education, sources of information, and biopsychosocial impact of cancer, and compare the results of Chile and Croatia. METHODS: One-hundred-and-seventy-one, 5-year survivors who were treated for leukemia or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma responded to a questionnaire (119 in Chile and 52 in Croatia). The questionnaire was reviewed by BFM-ELTEC. RESULTS: Health knowledge about pas…