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A Fatal Case of Adenovirus Encephalitis in an Adult With End-Stage Renal Disease.

The spectrum of adenovirus infection can vary from self-limiting mild respiratory illness or gastroenteritis to fatal disseminated disease i … ebrospinal fluid (CSF) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) positivity for adenovirus and characteristic electroencephalography (EEG) findings.

Unmasking the Hidden Culprit: A Coma Mimicry in a Child Bitten by Cobra.

Snake bite is a significant public health concern, particularly in tropical regions. Individuals who are bitten by neurotoxin snake commonly present with ptosis, ophthalmoparesis, muscle weakness, and diminished or absent of deep tendon reflexes. However, accurately determining the occurrence of a snakebite can sometimes be challenging, potentially leading to misdiagnosis. We present the case of a 2-year-old boy with sudden cardiac arrest. Following a brief resuscitation, he had return of spontaneous circulation. Despite normal electroencephalography results, the patient continued to have abse…

Hyperglycemia-induced isolated aphasic status epilepticus a case-report and literature review.

Neurological manifestations of nonketotic hyperglycemia are frequently seen, with mainly symptoms of confusion or coma. While hyperglycemia-induced seizures are less common, isolated aphasic status epilepticus is very rare, difficult to diagnose, and may be unrecognized by clinicians. In this case report, a 51-year-old man who presented with confusion and incoherent speech for two weeks is discussed. He was diagnosed with nonketotic hyperglycemia, whose electroencephalography (EEG) findings were suggestive of isolated aphasic status epilepticus. His magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brai…

Atypical frontal midline theta activity during cognitive control in heroin addicts.

Deficiency in cognitive control has been proposed as a core issue in addictive behavior, and recent advancements in cognitive neuroscience have suggested that frontal midline theta is a mechanism for cognitive control. This study examined frontal midline theta deficits in patients with heroin dependence during a Go/No-go task which explicitly involved cognitive control. Electroencephalography readings were collected from 15 male heroin addicts and 17 demographically matched healthy controls during an equal probability Go/No-go task. The findings revealed that heroin addicts responded significa…

Attempted Arm and Hand Movements can be Decoded from Low-Frequency EEG from Persons with Spinal Cord Injury.

We show that persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) retain decodable neural correlates of attempted arm and hand movements. We investigated hand open, palmar grasp, lateral grasp, pronation, and supination in 10 persons with cervical SCI. Discriminative movement information was provided by the time-domain of low-frequency electroencephalography (EEG) signals. Based on these signals, we obtained a maximum average classification accuracy of 45% (chance level was 20%) with respect to the five investigated classes. Pattern analysis indicates central motor areas as the origin of the discriminative s…

Sleep in psychogenic nonepileptic seizures and related disorders.

Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES), a form of functional neurological symptom disorder (FNSD), are very rarely seen in genuine, electroencephalography (EEG)-confirmed sleep. However, they are more commonly reported as a nocturnal occurrence, likely from a state that is misidentified as sleep (termed by some as "pseudosleep"). Sleep state can be helpful to distinguish FNSD from other neurological disorders. Pseudo-cataplexy, a form of "psychogenic" narcolepsy, "pseudo-parasomnia" and PNES can have a similar presentation. PNES and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) frequently share previ…

A case of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in a patient on hemodialysis.

We report an unusual case of probable Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) in hemodialysis patient. A woman 59 years of age with a past history o … revealed bilaterally asymmetric high signal intensity in both basal ganglia and cerebral cortices. Electroencephalography showed diffuse generalized theta-to-delta range slow wave and intermittent medium-to-high voltage complexes with a characteristic triphasic pattern on both hemispheres. Cerebrospinal fluid assay for the 14-3-3 protein was positive and diagnostic of …

Iatrogenic diabetes mellitus during ACTH therapy in an infant with West syndrome.

West syndrome is a rare epileptic disease of infancy, typified by an association of characteristic spasms, hypsarrhythmia on electroencephalography and severe psychomotor retardation or deterioration. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is the current first-line therapy for West syndrome despite the fact that ACTH therapy is associated with various adverse effects. We describe a rare case of iatrogenic diabetes mellitus during ACTH therapy in a patient with symptomatic West syndrome. The infant had cushingoid facies, hirsutism and biochemical evidence of diabetes due to excessive glucocorticoid…

Amphetamine-associated seizures: clinical features and prognosis.

Forty-four patients presenting with first-ever seizure within 24 h of illicit use of amphetamine or related analogs (amphetamine-associated … percent of patients with AAS had clinical risk factors for epilepsy, epileptiform abnormalities on electroencephalography (EEG), or an epileptogenic lesion on neuroimaging. Sleep deprivation was more frequently present in those with AAS. AAS likely relate to an intrinsic proconvulsant effect of these drugs combined with patient susceptibility and environmental factors.

Болезнь Креуцфельдта-Якоба с кодоном 200, представляющая собой таламический синдром: диагноз одним фотоновым эмиссией, рассчитанным по томографии с использованием (99 м) Tc-этил-циштайната димера.

Клинические особенности семейной болезни Креуцфельдт-Якоб с кодоном 200-точечной мутации [FCJD (E200K)] аналогичны тем, которые характерны для эпизодической CJD (SCJD). Согласно сообщениям, для раннего диагностирования CJD полезную роль играет съемка с диффузией, взвешенной по МРТ (MRI-DWI). Мы описываем японский FCJD (E200K) случай, когда первые симптомы таламии были первыми. При поступлении электроэнцефалография (ЭКГ) не выявила периодических синхронных выбросов (PSD), а МРТ не выявила аномалий. Однако однократные выбросы фотонов, рассчитанные на томографию (SPECT) с использованием (99 м) Tc

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
The clinical features of familial Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease with a codon 200 point mutation [fCJD (E200K)] are similar to those of sporadic … apanese fCJD (E200K) case in which thalamic symptoms were the initial manifestations. On admission, electroencephalography (ECG) showed no periodic synchronous discharge (PSD), and MRI showed no abnormalities. However, single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) using (99m)Tc-ethyl cysteinate dimer ((99m)Tc-ECD) revealed hypoperfusion in the right thalamus. We co …

Cranial nerve lesions and abnormal visually evoked potentials associated with the M694V mutation in familial Mediterranean fever.

A 52-year-old Turkish man with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) due to the homozygous M694V mutation in the MEFV-gene on chromosome 16p13. … , Behçet's syndrome and mitochondriopathy by clinical, serological, CSF investigations, funduscopy, electroencephalography, and cerebral MRI and MRI angiography, the described neurological abnormalities were regarded as CNS and PNS manifestation of vasculitis or amyloidosis in FMF.

SPECT in focal enterovirus encephalitis: evidence for local cerebral vasculitis.

We report a 4-year-old, left-handed male with focal coxsackievirus A3 encephalitis who presented with seizures and acquired aphasia. Electroencephalography exhibited focal spike discharges over the right frontal regions, but cranial magnetic resonance imaging did not reveal any structural abnormalities. However, brain single-photon emission computed tomography performed during the acute phase disclosed focal hypoperfusion in the right frontal lobe, consistent with decreased regional cerebral blood flow in the territory of some branches of the right cerebral anterior artery. Without specific tr…

[Role of autonomic nervous system in pathogenesis and clinical manifestation of arterial hypertension in Icenko-Cushing disease].

AIM: To study the role of autonomic nervous system (ANS) in pathogenesis and clinical symptoms of arterial hypertension (AH) in Icenko-Cushing disease (ICD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Clinical and paraclinical parameters (vegetative reflexes, special tables, 10 words memory and Spilberg's tests, ECG, electroencephalography, computed tomography, MR-tomography, hormonal status) were studied in 48 ICD patients before and after treatment (adenomectomy, irradiation of the hypophysis, adrenalectomy, parlodel, chlotidin chemotherapy). RESULTS: 94.5% of patients with active ICD had blood hypertension a…

Monozygotic twin patients with congenital ichthyosis, microcephalus, spastic quadriplegia, myoclonus, and EEG abnormalities.

A pair of monozygotic twins manifested widespread ichthyosis on the trunk and extremities, mainly on the extensor surface of the lower legs. Both patients had severe developmental retardation, microcephalus, spastic quadriplegia, myoclonus, and hearing impairment. Cranial computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed diffuse cortical atrophy. Electroencephalography documented diffuse slow wave dysrhythmia and marked epileptic discharges, namely bilateral occipital dominant, and low-voltage multifocal spikes which appeared asynchronously as a burst, mainly during sleep. Skin biops…

[Electrophysiological recording of nocturnal sleep and the multiple sleep latency test in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome].

Polysomnographic studies were performed in 6 patients with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSA). The sleep study consisted of: electroencephalography, electromyography, electrooculography, electrocardiography, pulse oximetry and observation of respiration. During day multiple sleep latency tests were performed. In all patients fragmentation of sleep with prevalent stages 1. and 2. of NREM and occasionally deep sleep and REM phase were observed. Concomitantly with the appearance of electrophysiologic sleep stages the muscle tone decreased and episodes of obstructive apnoea occurred. The peri…

Abdominal epilepsy with peri-ictal MRI abnormality.

Abdominal epilepsy is rare but under-recognised, characterised by paroxysmal abdominal symptoms with no identifiable gastrointestinal cause. A 77-year-old woman had a lifelong history of brief nocturnal episodes of abdominal cramping followed by transient confusion and speech difficulty. An MR scan of brain within 24 hours of an event identified cortical diffusion restriction and increased FLAIR signal in the left frontal operculum and insular cortex, consistent with peri-ictal MRI abnormalities. Electroencephalography was normal. Her symptoms completely resolved after starting antiseizure med…

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis in a child six years after measles infection.

Measles is a highly contagious viral illness that remains endemic in many parts of the world, posing significant risks of severe and long-term complications. We report the case of an 8-year-old boy hospitalized for epilepsy with myoclonic spasms and cognitive decline. Clinical and paraclinical investigations, including electroencephalography, imaging tests, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis, suggested a neurodegenerative process. The patient had contracted measles at the age of two and had not received full vaccination. Elevated measles-specific immunoglobulins and intrathecal focus of sy…

Autoimmune Encephalitis and Musicogenic Epilepsy: A Case of GAD65 Antibody-Associated Seizure.

Musicogenic epilepsy (ME) is a rare form of reflex epilepsy with a prevalence of 1 in 10,000,000. Recent research suggests a potential link between ME and autoimmune encephalitis, particularly involving glutamic acid decarboxylase 65-isoform (GAD65) antibodies. A 48-year-old female presented with a one-year history of music-triggered seizures. Her episodes were characterized by an initial aura followed by unresponsiveness and oral automatisms. Electroencephalography revealed abnormalities in the left anterior temporal lobe and temporal leads. Laboratory studies showed positive anti-GAD65 antib…

Combining non-invasive brain stimulation techniques and EEG markers analysis: an innovative approach to cognitive health in aging.

In an era marked by a rapidly aging global population, delving into the intricate neurophysiological changes that accompany the aging process assumes paramount importance. This narrative review offers a comprehensive exploration of the intricate relationship between electromagnetic neuromodulation and electroencephalography (EEG) within the context of aging. Moreover, it showed the promising landscape of non-invasive neuromodulation techniques, encompassing established methodologies like transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct and alternating current stimulation (tDCS/t…

Antibiotic-associated encephalopathy induced by cefmetazole in a hemodialysis patient: Case report.

Antibiotic-associated encephalopathy (AAE) is a rare but significant neurological complication of β-lactam antibiotics, particularly in patients with renal impairment. While cefepime, ceftazidime, and ceftriaxone are well-documented causes, cefmetazole (CMZ) has not been widely recognized for neurotoxicity. We report an 82-year-old Japanese man with end-stage renal disease on chronic hemodialysis who developed altered mental status and myoclonus five days after starting intravenous CMZ for prostatic abscess. Electroencephalography (EEG) revealed triphasic waves consistent with non-convulsive s…