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Evidence Regarding Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Newborn Screening.

Variants in the DMD gene, located on the X chromosome, cause Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD). DMD repo … st earlier identification in a child following DMD diagnosis in an older brother improves outcomes. Ohio and Minnesota include DMD NBS, and other states are planning implementation. DMD NBS is based on measuring the muscle isoform of creatine kinase (CK-MM), which is elevated due to muscle damage. Infants with borderline CK-MM levels can be retested af …

Identifying potential factors influencing family-building perspectives in adults with SCD.

PURPOSE: The study aimed to identify factors influencing family-building perspectives among adults with sickle cell disease (SCD) overall and by sex, and to examine attitudes toward discussing SCD genetic transmission with partners and doctors by sex and relationship status. METHODS: We conducted a secondary analysis of survey data from 91 adults with SCD (aged 21-39) receiving care at The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center. Participants completed a survey assessing their sociodemographic information, factors influencing family-building perspectives, and attitudes regarding SCD genet…

Primary central nervous system lymphoma: Predictors of response to induction therapy and patterns of progression.

BACKGROUND: Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare and aggressive variant of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. While PCNSL is often sensitive to induction high-dose methotrexate (HDMTX) based chemotherapy, recurrence rates remain high, approaching 50% within 5 years. The most common molecular alterations in PCNSL include mutations in MYD88 and CD79 and CDKN2A homozygous deletion. There are no predictive or prognostic molecular markers in PCNSL. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of 40 patients with PCNSL treated at Thomas Jefferson University and Ohio State University between…

Co-Occurrence Patterns of Bacterial Communities and Resistance Genes: A Comprehensive Multi-Pen Fecal Microbiome and Resistome Study in Dairy Farms.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a critical public health threat, with rising multidrug resistance cases compromising treatment effectiveness. Knowledge about the resistome in dairy production systems remains limited, particularly regarding lactating cows. This study investigated the microbiome and resistome across the hospital, fresh, and mid-lactation pens on 18 conventional dairy farms in California and Ohio using shotgun metagenomic sequencing of pooled fecal samples. Pooled fecal pat samples were collected as part of a larger field study using a quasi-experimental design that assigned…

Evaluating the effect of immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in lung cancer patients.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are first line treatment for advanced lung cancer. Tobacco use is a shared risk factor for lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Although many patients with COPD and lung cancer receive ICIs, the impact of ICIs on COPD is unknown. Here, we evaluated whether ICI treatment was associated with increased COPD disease burden. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of lung cancer patients with and without preexisting COPD who received ICIs from 2011-2021 at The Ohio State University (OSU). For all patients, number of steroid courses and …

Different forms of stigma and rural primary care professionals' willingness to prescribe buprenorphine.

INTRODUCTION: Buprenorphine and other medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) are highly effective but substantially under prescribed in … DS: This study draws from qualitative interviews with 23 primary care professionals (PCPs) in rural Ohio. We conducted semi-structured interviews focused on prior experiences with buprenorphine, willingness to prescribe it, prior buprenorphine training, and barriers to prescribing. Thematic analysis resulted in 3 forms of stigma that must be addressed …

Identifying and responding to policy-related barriers, facilitators, and misunderstandings in the HEALing communities study: A community-driven approach.

INTRODUCTION: The HEALing (Helping to End Addiction Long-Term®) Communities Study (HCS) aimed to reduce opioid-involved overdose deaths across four states (Kentucky, Massachusetts, New York, and Ohio) via community-engaged implementation of three evidence-based practices (EBPs): (1) opioid overdose education and naloxone distribution, (2) medication for opioid use disorder expansion/linkage/retention, and (3) safer opioid prescribing and dispensing practices. A policy workgroup (PWG) was convened and developed a procedure to identify and address policies potentially impacting EBP implementatio…

Impact of an embedded onco-palliative care clinic on urine drug testing in thoracic oncology.

PURPOSE: Urine drug testing (UDT) is recommended, yet underutilized, for patients receiving opioids for cancer pain. The primary aim of this … r (post-cohort) implementation of an embedded thoracic oncology-palliative care clinic in Columbus, Ohio, USA, on September 5, 2018. Confirmatory UDT was routinely ordered for any patient receiving opioids prescribed by palliative care or via ad hoc testing by oncology providers regardless of palliative care referral status. RESULTS: More patients com …

Exploring Adolescent Abortion Information Sources and Preferences post-Dobbs in the Midwestern United States.

Adolescents face increasing obstacles to abortion services and information. Limited research post-Dobbs suggests that adolescents turn to social media for information, but more research is needed to understand where adolescents expect to find reliable information about abortion and access to care. We conducted in-depth interviews with participants aged 16-19 years from Midwestern states (Illinois, Wisconsin, Indiana, Iowa, Missouri, Michigan, Ohio, and Minnesota) to explore how they engage with abortion information and which sources they trust and prefer. Interviews were conducted via Zoom bet…

Тенденции в области смертности, связанной с множественной миеломой в Соединенных Штатах, 1999-2023.

Несмотря на значительные терапевтические достижения, большое число миелом (ММ) по-прежнему является важным фактором смертности от рака в Соединенных Штатах. Понимание долгосрочных моделей смертности имеет важное значение для разработки справедливых стратегий в области клинического и общественного здравоохранения. 1999-2023 для оценки связанных с MM смертей среди взрослых ≥25 Годы. Коэффициенты смертности, скорректированные с учетом возраста, рассчитывались на основе прямой стандартизации 2000 Население США. Временные тенденции были изучены с использованием регрессии " Compoint " для

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BackgroundDespite substantial therapeutic advances, multiple myeloma (MM) continues to be an important contributor to cancer-related mortali … ion categories. Notable state-level heterogeneity was evident, with some states-including New York, Ohio, and Kansas-showing accelerated recent declines in mortality.ConclusionFrom 1999 to 2023, MM-related mortality in the U.S. declined overall, but substantial and persistent disparities remained by age (notably a rising burden among the oldest adults) …

From open to minimally invasive surgery: bibliometric insights into gallbladder carcinoma surgical research.

BACKGROUND: Gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) remains a challenging hepatobiliary malignancy with rising global incidence, yet comprehensive analy … since 2015, with Japan, the U.S., and China contributing 67.0% of output. The University System of Ohio led institutional productivity (26 publications), while Annals of Surgical Oncology was the highest-impact journal (919 citations). Minimally invasive research surged post-2015, driven by Asian institutions (73.6% of output), with robotic surgery. O …

Epigenome-wide association study of gestational exposure to organophosphate esters and replacement brominated flame retardants with newborn DNA methylation.

BACKGROUND: DNA methylation (DNAm) has been proposed to mediate the associations of gestational exposure to organophosphate esters (OPEs) and replacement brominated flame retardants (RBFRs) with health outcomes. However, there have not been previous epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) on the impact of prenatal exposure to these chemicals on newborn DNAm. METHODS: In 252 pregnant women recruited to the Health Outcomes and Measures of Environment (HOME) Study from 2003 to 2006 in Cincinnati, Ohio, we measured the house dust concentrations of 4 OPEs and 2 RBFRs at 20 weeks of gestation and…

Outcomes and implications of patients included vs excluded for extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation after initial activation.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to describe the implementation of a new Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (ECPR) program in Cleveland, Ohio, USA. We also provide a novel comparison of outcomes between patients cannulated vs excluded from cannulation for ECPR after initial field activation. METHODS: A prospective observational study of ECPR activations between September 2021 and February 2025. Patients meeting initial eligibility criteria for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA)-namely based on age, bystander-CPR, and initial shockable rhythm-were transported to the emergency …

Enhanced pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects of combining p-fluorofentanyl and fentanyl.

In 2023, the Ohio Bureau of Criminal Investigation reported para-fluorofentanyl (pFF) co-occurring with fentanyl 99 % of the time. Similarly, the state of Michigan also reported 99 % of decedents testing positive for pFF also tested positive for fentanyl. The rationale behind this co-occurrence has not been elucidated. One theory postulates pFF to be a coincidental inclusion while other evidence suggests pFF is an intentional addition. In the present study, the pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) effects of the co-administration of pFF and fentanyl were examined in male Sprague-Dawle…

Secret shopper survey indicates that veterinarians are split on how to respond to vaccine-hesitant dog owners.

OBJECTIVE: To assess how veterinary practices respond to vaccine-hesitant dog owners. METHODS: We fielded a secret shopper survey in 6 states (California, Minnesota, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Texas, and Washington) from February 4 to April 11, 2025. Callers posing as dog owners collected observational data on whether or not the practice imposed any restrictions on dog owners regarding vaccinations as well as whether they required specific vaccinations before accepting patients. We relied on descriptive analyses as well as logit models to assess outcomes. RESULTS: Of the 5,053 veterinary practices …

Favorable Trends in Mortality among Patients with Concomitant Peripheral Arterial Disease and Diabetes Mellitus over Past Two Decades.

BACKGROUND: This study examines the temporal trends in diabetes and peripheral artery disease (PAD)-related mortality in the United States, … . Nonmetropolitan areas consistently reported higher AAMRs than metropolitan areas, and states like Ohio, Vermont, District of Columbia, and West Virginia had significantly higher rates. CONCLUSIONS: Over 2 decades, PAD- and diabetes-related mortality trends show a positive overall reduction in AAMR. However, disparities persist, with higher rates amo …

Identifying Subgroups of Youth Suicide Decedents Based on Clinical Profiles of Psychiatric and Medical Diagnoses: A Latent Class Analysis.

PURPOSE: To identify risk subgroups of youth suicide decedents using demographic and clinical psychiatric and medical diagnostic profiles to inform tailored youth suicide prevention efforts. METHODS: This study linked Ohio Medicaid and death certificate data for Medicaid enrolled youth aged 8-25 years who died by suicide between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2020 (N = 511). Latent class analysis was used to identify distinct clinical risk subgroups. RESULTS: Three latent classes were identified. Internalizing problems were common across all classes, but especially prevalent in class 1, t…

Attitudes and Intentions toward Use of HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) among Adults Receiving Treatment for Opioid Use.

Background: Although pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) prevents HIV, little is known about PrEP awareness and factors associated with intention to take PrEP among people with opioid use disorder (OUD). Methods: HIV-negative adults recruited from an outpatient treatment program in Cincinnati, Ohio completed self-administered surveys. Items derived from literature and health behavioral theory included demographics, sexual and drug use behaviors, HIV prevention practices, PrEP knowledge, and attitudes toward PrEP. Primary outcomes were 1) intention to ask a clinician about PrEP and 2) intention to …

Physician's Attitudes Toward Patients With Opioid Use Disorder and Use of Medications for Opioid Use Disorder Vary by Training.

OBJECTIVES: This study compared whether different addiction treatment educational experiences were associated with physicians' attitudes toward patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) and perceived efficacy of medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD). METHODS: Ohio physicians (n = 2757) with and without a waiver to prescribe buprenorphine (Drug Addiction Treatment Act 2000 [DATA 2000] waiver) were surveyed regarding their attitudes toward treating patients with OUD and on the effectiveness of MOUD. We divided physicians into 3 groups: physicians with DATA 2000 waivers, non-waivered physicia…

The Implementation Climate for Integrating Buprenorphine Prescribing into Rural Primary Care.

BACKGROUND: Rural communities have been significantly affected by opioid use disorder (OUD) and related harms but have less access to eviden … mary care physicians, nurse practitioners (NPs), and physician associates (PAs) practicing in rural Ohio counties. APPROACH: Between December 2022 and March 2023, we interviewed participants about their perspectives on buprenorphine prescribing, including using rural primary care as an implementation setting for buprenorphine. Using a deductive, frame …