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Chinese moral perspectives on abortion and foetal life: an historical account.

It is accepted wisdom that, at the present time as well as historically, the typical Chinese attitude toward abortion is very permissive or 'liberal'. It has been widely perceived that Chinese people usually do not consider abortion morally problematic and that they think a human life starts at birth. As part of a bigger research project on Chinese views and experiences of abortion, this article represents a revisionist historical account of Chinese moral perspectives on abortion and foetal life. By presenting Buddhist and Confucian views of abortion, traditional Chinese medical understandings

Death by non-feeding: not in the baby's best interests.

It has recently been suggested that doctors have a duty to act in their patient's best interest and that this duty demands that life-sustaining treatment--including food and fluids--should sometimes be withheld or withdrawn and the patient allowed to die. In this article, the author explores the scope of the 'best interests principle' in the context of treatment decisions for seriously handicapped newborn infants. She argues that those who hold that it is permissible to starve or dehydrate an infant to death are mistaken to think that this course of action is in the infant's best-interests. Wh

When Danny said no! Refusal of treatment by a patient of questionable competence.

The patient we call Danny was a mildly mentally retarded male in his mid-thirties who adamantly refused kidney dialysis when it was offered as the only therapeutic option for his progressive kidney failure. It was uncertain how fully Danny understood the implications of his refusal. To complicate the case still further, several "advocates" emerged to speak on Danny's behalf--each with a somewhat different interpretation of the situation and different sets of value presuppositions and ethical principles to apply to the choice. We chronicle the development of this situation through a series of s

Множественная миелома - риск распространения и развития.

Аннотация не предоставлена источником. Откройте карточку для перехода к публикации.

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… Data availability De-identified data from iStopMM are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request, subject to approval by the iStopMM investigators and the Icelandic National Bioethics Committee. … Ethics approval and consent to participate The iStopMM study was approved by the Icelandic National Bioethics Committee (Number 16–022, date: 2016-04-26) and the Icelandic Data Protection Agency and all participants provided informed consent. …

Impact of cryotherapy on incidence and severity of oral mucositis in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: retrospective observational study.

Oral mucositis (OM) is a common and significant complication of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, particularly in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). This retrospective observational study assessed the effectiveness of oral cryotherapy in reducing the incidence and severity of OM in 258 HSCT recipients treated at a single transplant center in Poland between 2018 and 2024. Patients were divided into two groups: 199 received cryotherapy as part of their conditioning regimen, while 59 did not. Cryotherapy was administered using ice chips from 10 min before chemotherap

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… The study was approved by the Bioethics Committee of the Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin. The study was retrospective in nature, so an opinion from the local bioethics committee is not necessary. … For those interested, the bioethics committee issued a statement stating that the study did not require its consent, which we received. No organs were harvested from prisoners in the study. …

CARBOMETASPINE: protocol for a multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled trial of carbonfiber spinal fixation in metastatic disease.

BACKGROUND: Spinal metastases frequently cause neurological compromise and mechanical instability. Titanium fixation limits postoperative imaging and hinders stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) planning because of artefacts. METHODS: CARBOMETASPINE is a multicentre, prospective, randomised controlled trial. A total of 226 adults with unstable or epidurally infiltrating spinal metastases will be randomised 1 : 1 : 1 to: (I) carbonfibre/PEEK fixation + postoperative SBRT (5 × 5 Gy); (II) titanium fixation + postoperative SBRT; (III) preoperative SBRT + titanium fixation. The primary endpoint i

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… Plans to communicate trial results to participants, healthcare professionals, the public, and other relevant groups Substantial amendments to the protocol shall only be implemented after obtaining approval from the Bioethics Committee and the regulatory authorities. … Any minor amendments must be reported to the appropriate authority promptly, if applicable, and to the Bioethics Committee as part of the annual safety report. Conflict of Interest The authors declare that they have no competing interests. …

A minimal One Health approach? Lessons from the salmon aquaculture crisis in Chile.

This paper explores the application of the One Health approach through an analysis of the response to the 2007 crisis in Chile's salmon aquaculture industry. To evaluate the extent to which the case aligns with a "minimal" One Health framework, we draw on four key dimensions of this framework (methodological, epistemic, ontological, and ethical) and contrast the case with the response to the 2009 Q fever outbreak in the Netherlands. We conclude that the Dutch response to Q fever, characterized by limited institutional collaboration, a narrow disciplinary focus, and an anthropocentric ethical s

Impact of Chemotherapy on Motor-Cognitive Dual-Task Performance in Strength and Mobility Tests.

Background/Objectives: Chemotherapy often leads to persistent physical and cognitive impairments, and while the dual-task paradigm is a sensitive tool for detecting such deficits, its application to functional strength in oncology remains largely unexplored. Methods: This cross-sectional study, while not designed to establish causality, included 44 participants including cancer patients (11 undergoing chemotherapy and 15 post-treatment survivors) and healthy controls. Functional fitness was assessed with the Senior Fitness Test battery under single- and dual-task conditions. The dual-task cond

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… The research protocol was previously approved by the bioethics and biosafety committee of the University of Extremadura (ethics committee approval reference number: 49/2025) in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. … Institutional Review Board Statement This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Bioethics and Biosafety Committee of the University of Extremadura (Ref. 49/2025 on 29 January 2025). …

Protecting affiliation during pandemic crises: a capabilities approach for public health ethical deliberation.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, non-pharmaceutical interventions that affected people's ability to access and maintain social relationships, which philosopher Martha Nussbaum calls "affiliation", were implemented. However, the WHO has reported that no measures to actively protect social relationships have been put in place. Furthermore, existing pandemic ethical frameworks do not explicitly specify affiliation protection as a relevant ethical consideration. Subsequently, the main aim of this work is to justify why pandemic public health ethical deliberation should aim at protecting people's capa

Ethical and practical considerations arising from community consultation on implementing controlled human infection studies using Schistosoma mansoni in Uganda.

Issues related to controlled human infection studies using Schistosoma mansoni (CHI-S) were explored to ensure the ethical and voluntary participation of potential CHI-S volunteers in an endemic setting in Uganda. We invited volunteers from a fishing community and a tertiary education community to guide the development of informed consent procedures. Consultative group discussions were held to modify educational materials on schistosomiasis, vaccines and the CHI-S model and similar discussions were held with a test group. With both groups, a mock consent process was conducted. Fourteen in-dept

Use of broad consent and related procedures in genomics research: Perspectives from research participants in the Genetics of Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHDGen) study in a University Teaching Hospital in Zambia.

The use of broad consent for genomics research raises important ethical questions for the conduct of genomics research, including relating to its acceptability to research participants and comprehension of difficult scientific concepts. To explore these and other challenges, we conducted a study using qualitative methods with participants enrolled in an H3Africa Rheumatic Heart Disease genomics study (the RHDGen network) in Zambia to explore their views on broad consent, sample and data sharing and secondary use. In-depth interviews were conducted with RHDGen participants (n = 18), study staff

Donor Evaluation for Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cell Collection

Аннотация не предоставлена источником. Откройте карточку для перехода к публикации.

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… Recognizing that HPC donation has no physical benefit to these young donors and its associated with potential risks, the American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Bioethics (AAPCOB) (Committee on Bioethics 2010 ) has published guidelines specifying when minors may ethically serve as HPC donors. … Parental permission and, where appropriate, child assent have been obtained Table 4.6 The 5 AAPCOB criteria for minors to ethically serve as hematopoietic progenitor cell donors (Committee on Bioethics 2010 ) 1. …

The Effects of Light Therapy on Cognitive Function and Stress in Women With Breast Cancer Before Systemic Treatment.

BackgroundCancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI), for example, impairments in reaction time, processing speed, memory and executive function, may be associated with breast cancer (BC) surgery which can disrupt biological and psychological stress markers. Evidence suggests that light therapy may ameliorate cognitive impairment and stress. In this double-blind, randomized controlled trial, we investigated the efficacy of light therapy on mitigating the impact of BC surgery on CRCI in a national Icelandic cohort of women with BC.MethodsParticipants were randomly allocated to receive circadian

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… Data Availability Statement Due to compliance with the Icelandic data protection laws and the approval conditions set by the National Bioethics Committee of Iceland for this study, the data cannot be publicly shared. … Notably, access to the data is contingent upon approval by the National Bioethics Committee of Iceland. Researchers interested in accessing the data should direct their proposals to heiddisb@ru.is . References 1 J. C. Pendergrass , S. D. Targum , and J. E. …

Повсеместность коморбидной мигрени в множестве склерозов: сосуществуют ли множественный склероз и мигрень?

Множественный склероз (MS) является хроническим воспалительным заболеванием, вызывающим многофукаловое демиэлирование и повреждение аксона в центральной нервной системе. Последние исследования свидетельствуют о том, что среди пациентов, страдающих НР, наблюдается более высокий уровень заболеваемости мигренью, чем среди населения в целом. В ходе этого перекрестного исследования, проведенного в одном центре, была проведена оценка распространенности мигрени среди пациентов, проходящих курс лечения с целью изменения болезней (ДМТ). МЕТОДЫ: Всего 205 Включены пациенты с сенсорным синдромом. Все уча