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A sign language journey to the land of smiles: Thailand study abroad.

This qualitative study focused on the synergistic experience of a group of Deaf1 and hearing participants during a 2-week international study-abroad program to investigate the impact of immersing hearing American Sign Language (ASL) undergraduate majors with culturally Deaf faculty and doctoral students. 20 participants included undergraduate students who were ASL majors, Deaf doctoral students, faculty members, and an interpreter. Data included narratives with the Deaf faculty leader and the hearing ASL interpreter, a content analysis with the hearing undergraduates, and a section focused on …

The effect of language discordance on the experience of palliative care: A scoping review.

BACKGROUND: Internationally, research demonstrates consistent disparities in access to palliative care services for those in underserved communities with life-limiting conditions. OBJECTIVES: This outcomes-oriented scoping review examines the impact of language discordance on palliative care (PC) experiences. It seeks to answer the question: what are the PC experiences of individuals who do not speak the same language as their care provider? The review explored the range and depth of existing research and synthesizing trends across studies. DESIGN: Online databases were used to find articles…

Speech and language therapists' perceptions of corporate practice in South Africa.

BACKGROUND: Corporate speech and language therapy (CSALT) is an emerging field that extends the role of speech and language therapists (SALTs) into corporate environments, enhancing workplace communication and interpersonal skills. While internationally recognised, CSALT remains underexplored in South Africa, where linguistic and cultural diversity present challenges and opportunities for its integration. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to explore South African SALTs' perceptions of CSALT. METHOD: A qualitative research approach was employed, grounded in a constructivist paradigm. Semi-structur…

Economic Evaluations of Speech and Language Therapy Interventions: A Scoping Review.

BACKGROUND: With constrained funding and increasing demand, the pressures on health and care services globally continue to grow. Given the challenges faced, it is imperative that services and interventions demonstrate cost-effectiveness, as well as patient/service-user and societal benefits, to maximize impact. Research has started to explore the cost-effectiveness of speech and language therapy (SLT) interventions, but little is known about this body of evidence overall. Given the increasing demand for economic information by different decision-makers, an overall understanding of the current …

Large Language Models for Detection of Genetic Variants in Biomedical Literature.

Personalized medicine relies on understanding genetic variations, but systematically tracking literature linking these variations to clinical outcomes remains challenging. This study assessed the feasibility and performance of large language models (LLMs) in extracting genes and variants from prostate cancer literature. Four LLMs, including LLaMA 3.3, GPT-4o, and DeepSeek-V3, were evaluated, with LLaMA-3.3-70b demonstrating the highest overall performance (98% precision, 92% recall, 99% accuracy). In contrast, conventional information extraction methods had poor recall and high false positive …

Assessment of language abilities and functionality in adults and elders with Down syndrome.

UNLABELLED: Aging in people with Down syndrome (DS) is often marked by functional decline. People with DS present different degrees of language impairment, which may impact functionality. OBJECTIVE: To assess language abilities and functionality in older people with DS. METHODS: Forty individuals with DS aged 35 years or older were subdivided into literate and non-literate groups. The Arizona Battery for Communication Disorders in Dementia (ABCD), Object and Action Naming Battery (OANB), and Lawton & Brody Activities of Daily Living (ADL) Scale were used for linguistic and functional assessm…

Early Perception of Intonation in Down Syndrome: Implications for Language Intervention.

Language difficulties have been highlighted as a cornerstone of the developmental profile in Down Syndrome (DS), but very few studies have examined early language abilities in children with DS to determine the initial strengths and weaknesses that might inform early language interventions to support language development in this population. This study focused on the early perception of intonation and examined whether it differed between infants with DS and typically developing (TD) peers. Using a visual habituation paradigm from a previous study on TD infants' ability to perceive the intonation…

[The contribution of language biomarkers in the clinical evaluation of the serious game Poppins].

Dyslexia is a neurodevelopmental disorder that can be diagnosed as early as the end of first grade, thanks to behavioral assessments. However, neurophysiological markers (biomarkers) could enable early detection of children at risk of developing this specific learning disorder. These various EEG biomarkers, once adjusted to clinical constraints, could constitute reliable tools to assist healthcare professionals in the early detection of dyslexia or other neurodevelopmental disorders. They also open up new prospects in the development of digital tools for early diagnosis and remediation.

ChatGPT enhances reading comprehension for children with dyslexia in Arabic language.

PURPOSE: The study investigated the impact of ChatGPT, an AI language model, on enhancing reading comprehension skills among Arabic-speaking children with dyslexia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study population consisted of 60 Arabic-speaking children with dyslexia, aged 8 to 11 years, selected from public and private schools in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). A quasi-experimental design was adopted, with participants divided into control and experimental groups. The experimental group received ChatGPT-based reading instruction during regular school hours. Data was collected using the Sentence …

Do newborns detect prosodic violations in an unfamiliar language at birth?

Experience with language starts prenatally, as the intrauterine environment allows speech prosody to get through. Martinez-Alvarez and colleagues (2023) demonstrated that newborns detect utterance-level prosodic violations in the language they heard prenatally, French. It remains unknown, however, whether this discrimination ability requires prenatal experience with a given language or whether newborns have an early sensitivity to the shapes of prosodic contours that extends beyond prenatal experience. To this purpose, we tested infants exposed prenatally to Italian with the French stimuli of …

Brain activation for language and its relationship to cognitive and linguistic measures.

Language learning and use relies on domain-specific, domain-general cognitive and sensory-motor functions. Using fMRI during story listening and behavioral tests, we investigated brain-behavior associations between linguistic and non-linguistic measures in individuals with varied multilingual experience and reading skills, including typical reading participants (TRs) and dyslexic readers (DRs). Partial Least Square Correlation revealed a main component linking cognitive, linguistic, and phonological measures to amodal/associative brain areas. A second analysis only in TRs revealed a stronger a…

Developmental Language Disorder and Risk of Dyslexia-Can They Be Told Apart?

Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) and Dyslexia frequently co-occur. Many studies suggest that children with Dyslexia may also struggle with oral language skills, while those with DLD may also face challenges in word decoding. Both groups of children typically exhibit deficits in phonological processing [phonological awareness, rapid automatized naming (RAN), verbal short-term memory (VSTM)] and verbal working memory (VWM). Despite the increasing number of comparative studies, few have systematically examined these overlaps in children at the early stages of literacy acquisition, and few st…

Training on Childhood Apraxia of Speech: Experiences of Speech-Language Pathologists.

PURPOSE: The diagnosis and treatment of childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) remains a clinical challenge for many speech-language pathologists (SLPs). Given this, it is imperative to understand how SLPs learn about CAS during graduate school and throughout their careers. METHOD: In the current study, American Speech-Language-Hearing Association-certified SLPs who practice in the United States and work with young children completed a 32-item online survey. Survey items aimed to understand SLPs' experiences learning about CAS during graduate school and through continuing education (CE). Responden…

Turkish language validity and reliability of the severe asthma Questionnaire (SAQ).

OBJECTIVE: The Severe Asthma Questionnaire (SAQ) is a validated tool used to assess health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with severe asthma. This study aimed to evaluate the Turkish language validity, reliability, and concurrent validity of the SAQ in comparison with other validated tools in Turkish. METHODS: This was a multi-centre, real-life, prospective observational study. Patients with severe asthma who had been receiving biologic therapy for at least six months were enrolled. After translation with cultural adaptation, the Turkish version of the SAQ (TR-SAQ), the Asthma Co…

[Expert consensus on auditory intervention and language rehabilitation of CHARGE syndrome].

Objective:CHARGE syndrome（CS） is an autosomal dominant congenital malformation involving multiple organs and sensory systems. The incidence … ia, laryngeal and trachea malformations. Cochlear implants are significant in promoting hearing and language rehabilitation and improving the psychomotor development of children with CS. Still, the process and outcome assessment of cochlear implantation are challenging. The Chinese Multi-center Clinical Research Collaboration Group on Genetic Screening and …

Языковая дисфункция как главная черта когнитивного упадка неврологических популяций.

Когнитивное снижение является общей характеристикой неврологических условий, при этом часто затрагиваются языковые функции. Как правило, неврологи в клинике сообщают о трудностях с поиском слов. Как для пациента, так и для клинического врача, как правило, труднее распознать рецептивную дисфункцию языка (т.е. понимание). Одним из ключевых факторов (и потенциальных факторов) патологического когнитивного упадка, присущего неврологическим заболеваниям, связанным с первичным или вторичным нейродегенеративным процессом, может быть тонкая, но все же широко распространенная деградация языка. Хотя таки

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Cognitive decline is a common feature of neurologic conditions, with language functions often affected. Word finding difficulties are commonly reported to neurologists in clinic. Receptive language dysfunction (i.e., comprehension) tends to be more difficult to recognize for both the patient and the clinician. Subtle yet pervasive decrements in language may …

Microstructural Properties of the Cerebellar Peduncles in Children With Developmental Language Disorder.

Children with developmental language disorder (DLD) struggle to learn their native language for no apparent reason. While research on the neurobiological underpinnings of the disorder has focused on the role of corticostriatal systems, little is known about the role of the cerebellum in DLD. Corticocerebellar circuits might be involved in the disorder as they contribute to complex sensorimotor skill learning, including the acquisition of spoken language. Here, we used diffusion-weighted imaging data from 77 typically developing and 54 children with DLD and performed probabilistic tractography …

A large language model framework to uncover underreporting in traffic crashes.

INTRODUCTION: Crash reports support the development of traffic safety countermeasures, but these reports often suffer from underreporting of crucial crash factors due to miscoded entries during data collection. To rectify these issues, the current practice relies on manual information rectification, which is time consuming and error prone, especially with large data volumes. To address these hurdles, we develop a framework to analyze traffic crash narratives and uncover underreported crash factors by capitalizing on the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLM). METHOD: The framework integr…

The Case of the Cookie Jar: Differences in Typical Language Use in Dementia.

BACKGROUND: Findings from language sample analyses can provide efficient and effective indicators of cognitive impairment in older adults. OBJECTIVE: This study used newly automated core lexicon analyses of Cookie Theft picture descriptions to assess differences in typical use across three groups. METHODS: Participants included adults without diagnosed cognitive impairments (Control), adults diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (ProbableAD), and adults diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Cookie Theft picture descriptions were transcribed and analyzed using CLAN. RESULTS: Results s…