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Transurethral laser therapy and urinary tract infections.

To date transurethral laser ablation of the prostate (TULAP) in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the commonest form of transurethral laser surgery. The invention of the so-called "sidefire" laser fibre was the prerequisite condition for effective transurethral laser ablation of the prostate. Since the first transurethral laser ablation in human BPH was performed by Costello in September 1990, a multitude of urologists have adopted this technique. In the meantime, a great many studies have been carried out and a lot of data have been published. The initial, to some extent euphoric, enthusi

[Clinical observation of the application of disposable decomposing soft injection probe in the treatment of complex anal fistula under local infiltration anesthesia induced by propofol].

Objective: Summarize the clinical efficacy of using a disposable decomposed soft injection probe under propofol induced local infiltration anesthesia for the treatment of complex anal fistula. Methods: This technology is applied to patients with complex anal fistulas with clear diagnosis and no surgical contraindications. Using propofol to induce local infiltration anesthesia, a disposable decomposed soft injection probe (invention patent number: ZL 2014 1 0173127.3) soft catheter is gently introduced from the outer opening, passing through a cord like hard structure that can be touched on the

Automated virtual reality therapy to treat agoraphobic avoidance and distress in patients with psychosis (gameChange): a multicentre, parallel-group, single-blind, randomised, controlled trial in England with mediation and moderation analyses.

BACKGROUND: Automated delivery of psychological therapy using immersive technologies such as virtual reality (VR) might greatly increase the availability of effective help for patients. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of an automated VR cognitive therapy (gameChange) to treat avoidance and distress in patients with psychosis, and to analyse how and in whom it might work. METHODS: We did a parallel-group, single-blind, randomised, controlled trial across nine National Health Service trusts in England. Eligible patients were aged 16 years or older, with a clinical diagnosis of a schizophrenia

What's Next? Michael Crichton's and Mikhail Bulgakov's Criticism of Fetishism in the Life Sciences.

What's Next? Michael Crichtons und Mikhail Bulgakovs Kritik der Fetischisierung in den Lebenswissenschaften. Dieser Beitrag wurde angeregt durch den Thriller Next (2006) von Michael Crichton. Im Gegensatz zu dessen State of Fear (2004), wo die Behandlung eines aktuellen wissenschaftspolitischen Problems - des Klimawandels - mit einer harschen Kritik am Umgang politischer Aktivisten mit wissenschaftlichen Ergebnissen einhergeht, setzt Next Hoffnungen und Ängste ins Zentrum, die im Zusammenhang mit dem 'Human Genome Project' verhandelt wurden. Crichton stellt hier wissenschaftlich-ökonomische Ve

Milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor-VIII-derived oligopeptide 3 (MOP3) attenuates inflammation and improves survival in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury.

INTRODUCTION: Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury is a severe clinical condition leading to high mortality as the result of excessive inflammation, partially triggered by released damage-associated molecular patterns. Extracellular cold-inducible RNA-binding protein is a new damage-associated molecular pattern. Current clinical management of hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury is limited to supportive therapy, necessitating the development of novel and effective treatment strategies. Milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor-VIII-derived oligopeptide 3 is a newly invented oligopeptide originati

Lateral approach toward hepatoduodenal ligament during laparoscopic radical cholecystectomy for Gallbladder cancer.

BACKGROUND: The common approach of Lymph node dissection (LND) during laparoscopic radical cholecystectomy (LRC) is an anterior approach [1,2], which emulates the view of open surgery. However, isolating the post-pancreatic nodes and retro-portal nodes completely without any damage to neighboring organs can be difficult in laparoscopic surgery because the dorsal structures of hepatoduodenal ligament are embedded and it is difficult for a surgeon to expose them [3]. On the other hand, the lateral approach offers the better way to expose and dissect dorsal part of hepatoduodenal ligament and it

Binding pancreaticogastrostomy in laparoscopic central pancreatectomy: a novel technique in laparoscopic pancreatic surgery.

BACKGROUND: Even though more and more cases of laparoscopic central pancreatectomy (LCP) are reported (Machado et al. in Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech 23(6):486-490, 2013; Hong et al. in World J Surg Oncol 10:223, 2012; Gonzalez et al. in JOP 14(3):273-276, 2013, Zhang et al. in J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 23(11):912-918, 2013; Sucandy et al. in N Am J Med Sci 2(9):438-441, 2010; Sa Cunha et al. in Surgery 142(3):405-409, 2007), the management for pancreatic stumps remains the most technically challenging part which is the same as in pancreatoduodenectomy (PD), making it the bottleneck

Radiobiology with heavy charged particles: a historical review.

Radiobiological studies using heavy charged particles followed closely the development of accelerators to produce beams of ever-increasing energy, driven primarily by the aspirations of physicists and chemists interested in the structure of matter. An impressive share of this development took place at Berkeley, beginning with the invention of the cyclotron by Ernest Lawrence in 1930. There followed a series of cyclotrons, synchrotrons and linear accelerators, culminating in the BEVALAC, which provided the first source of very heavy ions (helium to argon) to be used clinically, beginning in 197

The future of critical care: AI-powered mortality prediction for acute variceal gastrointestinal bleeding and acute non-variceal gastrointestinal bleeding patients.

BACKGROUND: Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (AUGIB) is one of the most common critical diseases encountered in the intensive care unit (ICU), with a mortality rate ranging from 15 to 20%. Accurate stratification of acute gastrointestinal bleeding into acute variceal gastrointestinal bleeding (AVGIB) and acute non-variceal gastrointestinal bleeding (ANGIB) subtypes is clinically essential as distinct entities require markedly different therapeutic approaches and even divergent prognostic implications. AUGIB characterized by hemorrhagic shock, hypotension, multiple organ dysfunction (MODS)

The Sit & Stand chair. A revolutionary advance in adaptive seating systems.

A major factor governing independence for the elderly and persons with disabilities is the ability to stand from a chair. Factors such as pain, reduced joint range of motion, stiffness, and muscle weakness frequently limit the ability to stand. Sit-to-stand position is even further reduced in patients whose hands and shoulders are afflicted with rheumatoid arthritis. When achieving a sit-to-stand position in the elderly and persons with disabilities, there is considerable risk of the individual falling and sustaining bone fracture. The purposes of this scientific report are to achieve the foll

Institutional obstacles to expansion of world food production.

It was argued that over the near-to-medium term-roughly to the mid-1980's-there is enough potential for growth in existing Green Revolution technology and in technical capacity of farmers that institutions affecting these two sources of increased food production probably will not be seriously constraining. The principal bottlenecks likely will be found among those institutions affecting farmers' incentives to innovate. There is impressive evidence that when other conditions for innovation are favorable the supply of marketing services, for both inputs and outputs, is quite elastic. This seems

Dietary interventions for recurrent abdominal pain in childhood.

BACKGROUND: This is an update of the original Cochrane review, last published in 2009 (Huertas-Ceballos 2009). Recurrent abdominal pain (RAP), including children with irritable bowel syndrome, is a common problem affecting between 4% and 25% of school-aged children. For the majority of such children, no organic cause for their pain can be found on physical examination or investigation. Many dietary inventions have been suggested to improve the symptoms of RAP. These may involve either excluding ingredients from the diet or adding supplements such as fibre or probiotics. OBJECTIVES: To examine…

Liquid biopsy and PCR-free ultrasensitive detection systems in oncology (Review).

In oncology, liquid biopsy is used in the detection of next-generation analytes, such as tumor cells, cell-free nucleic acids and exosomes in peripheral blood and other body fluids from cancer patients. It is considered one of the most advanced non-invasive diagnostic systems to enable clinically relevant actions and implement precision medicine. Medical actions include, but are not limited to, early diagnosis, staging, prognosis, anticipation (lead time) and the prediction of therapy responses, as well as follow-up. Historically, the applications of liquid biopsy in cancer have focused on cir

Service delivery, behavioural, and self-management interventions for adults with epilepsy.

BACKGROUND: Epilepsy is a common condition, affecting around 660 per 100,000 people worldwide. Despite treatment with anti-seizure medications, one-third of people do not achieve seizure control. There is a need to focus on models of service delivery and therapies that target cognitive, psychological, and behavioural aspects to improve seizure control and quality of life. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of service delivery, behavioural, and self-management inventions on seizure control and health-related quality of life in adults with epilepsy. SEARCH METHODS: We used the Cochrane Register…

Medicaid Formulary Decisions and the Institute for Clinical and Economic Review: Abandoning Pseudoscience in Imaginary Pharmaceutical Pricing Claims.

Medicaid formulary committees and other gatekeepers face a difficult task. On the one hand they can utilize technical expertise in evaluating the real world evidence for clinical, quality of life and resource utilization claims for competing products while on the other hand they may be asked to assess claims built by simulation models for pricing and product access. A common option has been to take modeled claims from third parties such as the Institute for Clinical and Economic Review (ICER) at face value without challenging the model structure, its assumptions and its incremental cost-per-QA

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… ICER’s contributions do not meet these standards; they are imaginary pseudoscientific inventions 5 . … The ability to ‘invent’ utilities (e.g., guesses by key opinion leaders) and apply the ICER Analytics platform adds a pivotal option for model builders. Fundamental measurement standards will, no doubt, be ignored. …

On the Way to New Horizons: Telemedicine in Oncology.

Breathtaking insights into carcinogenesis and tumor biology have been gained mainly by recent technical advances in molecular-biological and genetic techniques. Thus, dimensions of earlier diagnosis and the development of new concepts in therapy arise, which were previously unavailable. There is no doubt that through these techniques the future role and tasks of surgical oncology will change. New indications will result, for example, in the context of prophylactic therapy of hereditary malignant disease or the removal of tissue predisposed to tumors. However, modes of therapy orientated toward

The Contribution of Spanish Science to Patents: Medicine as Case of Study.

Investments in research and development (R&D) and innovation are expensive, and one wishes to be assured that there is positive feedback and to receive guidance on how to direct investments in the future. The social or economic benefits of investments in R&D are of particular interest to policymakers. In this regard, public expense in research, especially through universities, is sometimes being questioned. This paper establishes a measure of how research in Spain, and specifically in its universities, is involved. In this study, we have analyzed all the literature cited in the period 1998-201

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… Furthermore, the WHO itself makes it clear that it is possible to develop many medicines that are patentable (i.e., that meet the requirement of novelty and inventive step), but this does not mean that they add value to existing medicines. … Determinants of invention commercialization: An empirical examination of academically sourced inventions. Strat. Manag. J. 2007;28:1155–1166. doi: 10.1002/smj.643. 8. Ramani S.V., De Looze M.-A. …

The role of technological progress vs. accidental discoveries and clinical experience.

The 50th anniversary of dialysotherapy celebrated by nephrologists around the world in 2012 provided an opportunity for discussion on the role of clinical experience in relation to technological progress in the evolution of dialysis, especially of recently observed inadequate decrease in mortality/morbidity rates of patients on chronic dialysis. My report, based on almost 50 years of career in nephrology, refers the evolution of dialysis, from catharsis to modern dialysotherapy with special attention devoted to nowadays gravely underestimated role of clinical experience and personalized profes

Cell Therapy Products in Menopausal Medicine.

The incidence of postmenopausal diseases increases with the age of women. In this review, we introduce cell therapy products, a new treatment for postmenopausal osteoporosis, which often occurs in postmenopausal women. We also figure out the trends of research on cell therapy products and emphasize the necessity and importance of this research for researchers and postmenopausal women. Finally, we suggest the direction for improvement of postmenopausal osteoporosis and research on cell therapy products. We investigated which medication have been used so far. We also examined the development and

Expedited drug review process: Fast, but flawed.

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