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Rural-urban disparities in the nutritional status of younger adolescents in Tanzania.

Research on geographic differences in health focuses largely on children less than five years; little is known about adolescents-and even less regarding younger adolescents-a vulnerable group at a critical stage of the life course. Africa's rapid population growth and urbanization rates, coupled with stagnant rates of undernutrition, further indicate the need for country-specific data on rural-urban health disparities to inform development policies. This study examined rural-urban disparities in body mass index-for-age-and-sex (BAZ) and height-for-age-and-sex z-scores (HAZ) among younger adole

Rural-urban disparities in birth interval among women of reproductive age in Nigeria.

Nigeria like most developing nations still faced with a higher rate of short birth interval (SBI), and its associated consequences, such as adverse maternal and child health outcomes. This study aimed to determine the distribution and factors associated with SBI in rural and urban Nigeria. The data for this study were extracted from the 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (2018 NDHS). Statistical analyses were descriptive analysis and binary logistic model. The proportions of SBI in rural and urban Nigeria were 20.7% and 20.3% respectively. Women's age, geopolitical region, education le

Exploring Home and Community-Based Service Needs Among Rural Family Caregivers of Older Adult US Veterans.

ObjectivesWith an aging population and rural workforce shortages, family caregivers face growing demands. Caregivers' ability to continue providing care depends on their own underlying health and access to home- and community-based services (HCBS). This study examines rural caregiver needs within the Veterans Health Administration.MethodsWe conducted a qualitative study using data from family caregivers (N = 19). Content analysis was used to identify key themes.ResultsKey emergent themes included (1) Dyadic health: significant health concerns for both caregiver and Veteran; (2) Tension of prid

Prospective ECUAging observational study: cohort design and preliminary results.

BACKGROUND: The global population is aging, including in historically youthful regions such as low- and middle-income countries in Latin America. Evidence on older adults living in rural areas of this region remains limited. The EcuAging study was designed to fill this gap by characterizing adults aged 55 years and older in a rural inland province of Ecuador. METHODS: Over a two-week period in June-July 2023, mobile stations were set up in rural communities of Calvas and Gonzanama counties in the province of Loja, Ecuador. Adults aged 55 and above living in these regions were invited to atten

Cottage hospitals: beautiful isles with an air of fiction.

Continuing our series on cottage hospitals Nick Davidson visited St Mary's Hospital in the Isles of Scilly and found himself surrounded by breathtaking beauty. The hospital, which is practically self-sufficient in vegetables, is run by a nursing officer who believes in 'people not machines', and most casualties are treated for sunburn or the removal of fish hooks.

Five Milestones to Addressing Rural Veteran Care Coordination, Care Management, and Case Management Needs: An Integrated Case Management Practice Framework.

PURPOSE: Veterans often experience fragmented care across clinics and health systems, with rural veterans facing additional challenges such … ods project assessed CCICM implementation at six rural VHA facilities participating in an Office of Rural Health Enterprise-Wide Initiative (EWI) October 2024 through September 2025. Implementation proceeded through five milestones: (1) Leadership Awareness; (2) Facility Readiness; (3) Preparing to Implement; (4) Systems and Clinical Integration; and (5) Estab …

Incidence and outcomes of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms in rural and urban Australia.

BACKGROUND: Rural and regional populations suffer higher rates of preventable disease and all-cause mortality than urban areas, with rural areas of the USA experiencing double the rate of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). We investigated the incidence and outcomes of ruptured AAAs in an Australian rural and regional setting, and compared these with those of an urban population. METHODS: We undertook a retrospective analysis of all patients suffering AAA rupture in New South Wales (NSW) from 2009/2010 to 2010/2011. Variables included rates of rupture, mortality and intensive care adm

Oral health knowledge, attitudes, and practices across four communities in the Western Cape, South Africa: A cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Oral health conditions are preventable, but frequently neglected because of limited knowledge, negative attitudes, and misconceptions within communities. AIM: This study aimed to determine the oral health knowledge, attitudes, and practices and factors associated with these outcomes and self-reported oral pain among community members across four communities (two urban and two semi-rural) in the Western Cape, South Africa. SETTING: Two urban and two semi-rural communities in the Western Cape, South Africa. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey using a researcher-administered question

"Cancer Prevention Is Typically My Top One": A Qualitative Study of Public Health Nurses' Experiences With and Perceptions of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccination in Montana.

CONTEXT: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the US. Despite the availability of safe and effective vaccination to prevent these infections, vaccination rates have remained suboptimal. To design effective evidence-based strategies, a robust understanding of the facilitators of HPV vaccination is needed. Despite the important role of public health departments in rural immunization services delivery, HPV vaccination practices in such settings have not been well described. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine multilevel factors that influence HPV vac

Barriers to Integrated Medication-Assisted Treatment for Rural Patients With Co-occurring Disorders: The Gap in Managing Addiction.

OBJECTIVE: Guidelines for treatment of opioid use disorder stipulate for mental health assessment and the option for treatment alongside medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD). Yet efforts to expand MOUD treatment capacity have focused on expanding the workforce of buprenorphine providers. This article aims to describe the processes facilitating and impeding integrated care for rural patients with co-occurring opioid use disorder and mental health conditions. METHODS: Qualitative interviews were conducted with primary care and specialty providers (N=26) involved in integrated care through

Acceptance of the COVID-19 Booster Vaccine Amid the Omicron JN.1 Surge in Southern Bangladesh: A Comparative Analysis of Rural-Urban Disparities.

Rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2 variants, including Omicron JN.1, has revived significant challenges to health systems and regenerates microbial … vaccines was higher among rural and urban populations with higher educational levels. In addition, rural healthcare professionals and urban individuals with comorbidities exhibited greater acceptance of booster vaccines. The study highlighted substantial rural-urban disparities in COVID-19 booster vaccine acceptance in southern Bangladesh, shaped by differenc …

Расширение профессиональной подготовки и ухода за миеломой в Западной Кении на основе модели ECHO: экспериментальный этап.

Множество миэломы (ММ) в сельской местности на западе Кении характеризуется тем, что диагностика проводится с опозданием и с плохими долгосрочными результатами. Отчасти в этом виновата нехватка квалифицированных медицинских бригад в сельской местности. Модель " Расширение возможностей для получения результатов в области здравоохранения на уровне общин " (EHO) направлена на устранение этого разрыва в квалификации путем установления связей между сельскими группами первичной/средней медико-санитарной помощи (говорят) и экспертами по миеломе в третичном центре (хуб) в рамках программы пр

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
PurposeMultiple myeloma (MM) in rural western Kenya is characterized by under and late diagnosis with poor long-term outcomes. Inadequate skilled rural health care teams are partly to blame. The Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes (ECHO) model attempts to bridge this skills gap by linking rural primary/secondary health care teams (spokes) to myeloma …

Centering community-based maternal and child nutrition services in Bangladesh's rural primary healthcare: what has potential to scale.

INTRODUCTION: The extensive network of community health workers in rural Bangladesh has the potential to deliver maternal and child nutrition services, while promoting linkages with healthcare facilities. A strategy for strengthening community-based nutrition services was developed and tested. METHODS: The three-phased strategy included review of existing community-based systems, co-designing service package with multi-sector government representatives, and testing implementation feasibility. Integrated health and nutrition service delivery, supportive supervision, and increased accountabilit

The Role of Telehealth in Decreasing Barriers in Accessing Primary and Specialized Care Services in U.S. Rural and Underserved Communities: A Scoping Review.

BACKGROUND: Telehealth has emerged as a promising strategy to mitigate access barriers, particularly following rapid expansion during the COVID-19 pandemic; however, evidence on its role across care settings and populations remains fragmented. This scoping review synthesizes United States (U.S.)-based evidence on the role of telehealth in improving access to primary and specialized medical care for underserved, rural, and hard-to-reach adult populations. METHODS: Guided by the Arksey and O'Malley framework and PRISMA-ScR guidelines, peer-reviewed studies were identified through PubMed, Embase

Methadone prescribing by addiction specialists likely to leave communities without available methadone treatment.

Methadone treatment for opioid use disorder is not available in most suburban and rural US communities. We examined 2 options to expand methadone availability: (1) addiction specialty physician or (2) all clinician prescribing. Using 2022 Health Resources and Services Administration data, we used mental health professional shortage areas to indicate the potential of addiction specialty physician prescribing and the location of federally qualified health centers (ie, federally certified primary care clinics) to indicate the potential of all clinician prescribing. We examined how many census tra

Trends in inequality in maternal and child health and health care in Uganda: Analysis of the Uganda demographic and health surveys.

BACKGROUND: Uganda has made great strides in improving maternal and child health. However, little is known about how this improvement has been distributed across different socioeconomic categories, and how the health inequalities have changed over time. This study analyses data from Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) conducted in 2006, 2011, and 2016 in Uganda, to assess trends in inequality for a variety of mother and child health and health care indicators. METHODS: The indicators studied are acknowledged as critical for monitoring and evaluating maternal and child health status. These in

Comparison of cost effectiveness of directly observed treatment (DOT) and conventionally delivered treatment for tuberculosis: experience from rural South Africa.

OBJECTIVE: To conduct an economic evaluation of directly observed treatment (DOT) and conventionally delivered treatment for the management of new cases of tuberculosis in adults. DESIGN: Community based directly observed treatment, which has been implemented in the Hlabisa district of South Africa since 1991, was compared with a conventional approach to tuberculosis treatment widely used in Africa. Each was assessed in terms of cost, cost effectiveness, and feasibility of implementation within existing resource constraints. SETTING: Hlabisa Health District, South Africa. SUBJECTS: Adult pa

Family medicine and primary health care in Liberia.

This country profile examines the development of family medicine (FM) and primary health care (PHC) in Liberia, a low-income West African na … ortages. The Family Medicine Specialty Training Program, launched in 2017, addresses the deficit of rural healthcare providers through comprehensive, context-specific education and rural rotations. Family physicians contribute at multiple levels of the health system, providing clinical care, mentorship, and leadership. The Society of Family Physicians of Liber …

Equity of access in rural and metropolitan dementia diagnosis, management, and care experiences: an exploratory qualitative study.

BACKGROUND: The limited allocation of resources to rural and regional communities is a major contributor to healthcare inequities in Australia. Distribution of health service resources between metropolitan and rural communities commonly sees highly populated areas prioritised over more sparsely populated and geographically vast areas. As such, challenges impacting dementia diagnosis, management, and care in metropolitan areas are experienced more acutely in rural areas. This study aimed to examine equity of access to dementia diagnosis, management, and care services amongst people who experien

Telehealth and Mammogram Receipt in Urban and Rural Women: Quasi-Experimental and Spatial Analyses.

PURPOSE: To examine the association between telehealth utilization and mammogram receipt by rurality, and to characterize geographic patterns of concurrent increases in telehealth and mammography use in urban and rural communities. METHODS: The sample included women, aged 50 years or older, receiving services in primary care or gynecology/women's health practices at MultiCare Health System from 2018 to 2023. For the difference-in-difference (DiD) analyses, women who had only in-person visits during the prepandemic period but had at least one telehealth visit in each year of the postpandemic p