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Mast Cell Proteases Promote Diverse Effects on the Plasminogen Activation System and Wound Healing in A549 Alveolar Epithelial Cells.

Tissue damage, epithelial alterations, and intraepithelial presence of mast cells (MCs) are characteristics of asthma pathogenesis. Increase … pithelial cell migration and wound healing were investigated using holographic live cell imaging of A549 cells in a wound scratch model post stimulation with tryptase or chymase. The expression of uPAR was investigated on the protein and gene level from cellular supernatants and in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid fractions from allergic asthmatics. We found tha …

Stimulation of ROS Generation by Extract of Warburgia ugandensis Leading to G0/G1 Cell Cycle Arrest and Antiproliferation in A549 Cells.

Warburgia ugandensis Sprague (WU) is a traditional medicinal plant used for the treatment of various diseases, including cancer, in Africa. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) activities of WU against A549 cells and to reveal potential molecular mechanisms. The cytotoxicity of various WU extracts was evaluated with HeLa (cervical cancer), HepG2 (liver cancer), HT-29 (colorectal cancer), and A549 (non-small cell lung cancer) cells by means of Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. Therein, the dimethyl carbonate extract of WU (WUD) was tested with the most potent ant…

Cell cycle synchronization and BrdU incorporation as a tool to study the possible selective elimination of ErbB1 gene in the micronuclei in A549 cells.

Lung cancer often exhibits molecular changes, such as the overexpression of the ErbB1 gene that encodes epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). ErbB1 amplification and mutation are associated with tumor aggressiveness and low response to therapy. The aim of the present study was to design a schedule to synchronize the cell cycle of A549 cell line (a non-small cell lung cancer) and to analyze the possible association between the micronuclei (MNs) and the extrusion of ErbB1 gene extra-copies. After double blocking, by the process of fetal bovine serum deprivation and vincristine treatment, MNs

microRNA-99a is downregulated and promotes proliferation, migration and invasion in non-small cell lung cancer A549 and H1299 cells.

There is increasing evidence that microRNAs (miRNAs) are able to play a key role in the diagnosis and therapy of cancer. miRNA-99a (miR-99a), which is downregulated in several human malignancies, has been reported as a potential tumor suppressor. However, to the best of our knowledge, the expression and function of miR-99a has not been investigated in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) at present. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the association between NSCLC and miR-99a. miR-99a expression was analyzed in 15 pairs of NSCLC and non-cancerous tissue samples by reverse transcri

Efficacy of Phallusia arabica mediated tenorite nanoparticles in growth inhibition of clinical pathogens and A549 human lung cancer cells.

Phallusia arabica (P. arabica) aqueous extract-mediated precipitation method was adopted in the synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) referred to as tenorite. This green route for CuO synthesis enabled the use of P. arabica aqueous extract as a capping agent, affording biocompatibility with tunable properties. A wide peak in the ultraviolet (UV) region (288 nm) denoted the facile production of CuO NPs. CuO NPs unveiled fluorescence with peaks in both UV and visible regions, such as 388 nm and 657 nm, respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic analysis corroborated broad

Pharmacological activation of dopamine receptor D1 attenuates TGF-β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in A549 and BEAS-2B cells.

Aberrant epithelial remodeling is implicated in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and TGF-β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-like changes provide an in vitro model for studying this process. This study investigated whether pharmacological stimulation of dopamine receptor D1 (DRD1) attenuates TGF-β-induced EMT-related changes in A549 and BEAS-2B cells. GEO transcriptomic analysis was performed using GSE277168 to explore TGF-β-associated transcriptional changes in A549 cells. A549 and BEAS-2B cells were stimulated with TGF-β to establish an in vitro EMT model. Dopamine analogues, DRD…

1030-nm Ultrashort-Pulse Laser Irradiation Is Associated With a Delayed Reduction in Cellular Metabolic Activity in A549 Cells.

OBJECTIVES: This exploratory study aimed to assess acute and delayed changes in relative CCK-8-derived cellular metabolic activity across selected 1030-nm ultrashort-pulse laser parameters in A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells and to characterize cell-death and oxidative-stress responses under an empirically selected high-effect condition. METHODS: A549 cells were irradiated under different power density, repetition rate, and pulse width conditions, and CCK-8-derived metabolic activity was assessed at 0, 9, and 24 h after irradiation. Direct cell counting was additionally performed under the sele…

Combinatorial targeting of PI3K/AKT pathway with BKM120 increases cisplatin sensitivity and apoptotic response in A549 lung cancer cells.

Despite significant advancements in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using conventional therapeutic methods, drug resistance remains a major factor contributing to disease recurrence. In this study, we aimed to explore the potential benefits of combining PI3K inhibition with Cisplatin in the context of NSCLC-derived A549 cells. Human non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells were cultured and treated with BKM120, cisplatin, or their combination. Cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay. Drug interactions were evaluated by calculating combination and dose reduction indices…

Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 promotes the expression of interferon-stimulated antiviral genes in human A549 lung epithelial cells.

Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) is an ion channel known for its chemosensory function in neurons, causing pain and neurogenic inflammation. TRPA1 is activated by many noxious compounds including some inflammatory mediators. We and others have shown that TRPA1 is also expressed in epithelial cells, but its function in the epithelial barrier remains unclear. Here, we discovered in RNA-seq studies that inhibition of TRPA1 reduced the expression of a large number of antiviral and inflammatory genes under the influence of the key antiviral cytokine interferon beta in human A549 lung

Lithium Induces Oxidative Stress, Apoptotic Cell Death, and G2/M Phase Cell Cycle Arrest in A549 Lung Cancer Cells.

Lithium has been identified more than six decades ago as a preferred treatment option for manic depression. Due to its affordability, stabil … le progression in a dose-dependent manner, leading to cell cycle arrest in the S and G2/M phases of A549 cells. The induction of cell death by lithium in A549 cells is accompanied by increased ROS and nitric oxide production. This study shows that lithium chloride possesses some immunomodulatory cytotoxic effects on A549 lung cancer cells and can be further …

A CRISPR-edited isoform of the AMPK kinase LKB1 improves the response to cisplatin in A549 lung cancer cells.

Lung cancer presents the highest mortality rate in the world when compared to other cancer types and often presents chemotherapy resistance to cisplatin. The A549 nonsmall cell lung cancer line is widely used as a model for lung adenocarcinoma studies since it presents a high proliferative rate and a nonsense mutation in the STK11 gene. The LKB1 protein, encoded by the STK11 gene, is one of the major regulators of cellular metabolism through AMPK activation under nutrient deprivation. Mutation in the STK11 gene in A549 cells potentiates cancer hallmarks, such as deregulation of cellular metabo

HCoV-229E does not trigger early interferon gene expression and evades IFN signaling in human A549 lung epithelial cells.

Coronaviruses cause upper and lower respiratory tract infections ranging from mild infections to severe conditions such as pneumonia and acu … Total cellular RNA isolated from HCoV-229E-infected A549 or Huh7 cells transfected into uninfected A549 cells failed to induce significant IFN gene expression, indicating that HCoV-229E RNA is likely not recognized by RIG-I-like receptors. However, in similar experiments, influenza A virus (IAV) infection or cellular RNA from IAV-infected cells induced stro …

A novel biocompatible formate bridged 1D-Cu(ii) coordination polymer induces apoptosis selectively in human lung adenocarcinoma (A549) cells.

Copper compounds are promising candidates for next-generation metal anticancer drugs. Therefore, we synthesized and characterized a formate … and two non-tumorigenic cells HEK293 and HBE. The selective cytotoxicity potential of PCU1 against A549 cells driven us to examine the mechanistic pathways comprehensively by carrying out various assays viz, cell cycle arrest, Annexin V-FTIC/PI assay, autophagy, intercellular localization, mitochondrial membrane potential 'MMP', antiproliferative assay, and …

E-cig vapor condensate alters proteome and lipid profiles of membrane rafts: impact on inflammatory responses in A549 cells.

Electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) are battery-operated heating devices that aerosolize e-liquid, typically containing nicotine and several othe … tingly, we observed significant upregulation of cytokines and chemokines (IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1) in A549 cells following a 48 h TF-ECVC challenge. Furthermore, there was a significant increase in the expression of pattern recognition receptors TLR-4 and NOD-1, lipid raft-associated protein caveolin-1, and transcription factor NF-кB in TF-ECVC with and/or wit …

The effect of PM2.5-related hazards on biomarkers of bronchial epithelial cells (A549) inflammation in Karaj and Fardis cities.

Fine particles (especially PM2.5 particles) in ambient air can cause irreversible effects on human health. In the present study, seasonal variations in toxicity PM2.5 (cell viability and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines) were exposed human lung cells (A549) to concentrations of PM2.5 samples in summer (sPM2.5) and winter (wPM2.5) seasons. Cells were separately exposed to three concentrations of PM2.5 (25, 50, and 100 μg/mL) and three times (12 h, 1 and 2 days). We evaluated cell viability by MTT assay [3- (4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) -2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] and liberation of pro

Curcumin Modulates Paraquat-Induced Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition by Regulating Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) in A549 Cells.

Paraquat (PQ), a widely used potent herbicide, generates superoxide anions and other free radicals, leading to severe toxicity and acute lung injury. PQ induces pulmonary fibrosis through epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) characterized by increased number of myofibroblasts. Time-dependent PQ-induced EMT has been evaluated in present investigation where intracellular ROS levels were significantly enhanced after 24 h of PQ intoxication. Anti-inflammatory effects of curcumin have been studied where alveolar epithelial cells (A549 cells) were incubated with curcumin (30 μΜ) for 1 and 3 h …

A phthalimidoalkanamide derived novel DNMT inhibitor enhanced radiosensitivity of A549 cells by inhibition of homologous recombination of DNA damage.

Purpose To elucidate the radiosensitizing effect and underlying mechanism of a new kind of DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor with biolo … pair, and differential gene expression were undertaken. Results MA-17 significantly radiosensitized A549 cells with a mean dose enhancement ratio (DER) of 1.43 at the surviving fraction of 0.2 (p < 0.05 by one-tailed ratio paired t-test). MA-17 did not affect normal astrocytes (mean DER0.2, 1.016; p = 0.420). MA-17 demonstrated a mean half-life of 1.0 h in v …

Activation of p53/miR-34a Tumor Suppressor Axis by Chinese Herbal Formula JP-1 in A549 Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide; the most common pathologic type is lung adenocarcinoma (LADC). In spite of the recent progress in targeted therapy, most LADC patients eventually expired due to the inevitable recurrence and drug resistance. New complementary agent with evidence-based molecular mechanism is urgently needed. MiR-34a is an important p53 downstream tumor suppressor, which regulates apoptosis, cell-cycle, EMT (epithelial mesenchymal transition), and so forth. Its expression is deficient in many types of cancers including LADC. Here, we show that a Chinese

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… JP-1 Induces Apoptotic Sub-G1 Fraction in A549 Cells After treatment with JP-1 for 48 h, the A549 cells were stained with PI and analyzed by flow cytometry to measure the change in cell-cycle distribution. … JP-1 Decreases CDK6 Protein and Activates the AMPK Pathway in A549 Cells We then examined the levels of proteins that regulate cell-cycle progression and signaling transduction in JP-1-treated A549 cells. …

In vitro evaluation of the cellular effect of indium tin oxide nanoparticles using the human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells.

Indium tin oxide (ITO) is widely used in liquid crystal displays (LCDs) or plasma and mobile phone displays. Elevated production and usage o … of ITO NPs to induce cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and DNA damage using human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells. Here, stable dispersions of a medium containing ITO NPs were obtained using pre-adsorption and centrifugal fractionation methods, and the A549 cells were incubated in this medium. The ITO NPs showed low cytotoxic effects as shown by the WST-1 and L …

A comprehensive proteomic view of responses of A549 type II alveolar epithelial cells to human respiratory syncytial virus infection.

Human respiratory syncytial virus is a major respiratory pathogen for which there are no suitable antivirals or vaccines. A better understanding of the host cell response to this virus may redress this problem. The present report concerns analysis of multiple independent biological replicates of control and 24 h infected lysates of A549 cells by two different proteomic workflows. One workflow involved fractionation of lysates by in-solution protein IEF and individual fractions were digested using trypsin prior to capillary HPLC-LTQ-OrbitrapXL-MS/MS. A second workflow involved digestion of whol…