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Association of adipokines and estradiol with bone and carotid calcifications in postmenopausal women.

OBJECTIVES: Carotid artery calcifications (CAC) and high carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT) are associated with low bone mineral d … (p = 0.014), adjusted for total body fat mass, age, statin use and calcium intake. CONCLUSION: The adipokines are associated with vascular calcification and low BMD. Moreover, estradiol was not independently associated with BMD or CAC.

Quantification and regulation of the adipokines resistin and progranulin in human cerebrospinal fluid.

BACKGROUND: Adipokines bearing the potential to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) are promising candidates for the endocrine regulation of central nervous processes and of a postulated fat-brain axis. Resistin and progranulin concentrations in paired serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples of patients undergoing neurological evaluation and spinal puncture were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Samples of n = 270 consecutive patients with various neurological diseases were collected without prior selection. Adipokine serum and CSF concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunoso…

The adipokine apelin-13 induces expression of prothrombotic tissue factor.

Adipocytes are cells able to produce and secrete several active substances (adipokines) with direct effects on vascular cells. Apelin, one of the most recently identified adipokines has been studied in cardiovascular system physiology in regard to vessel vasodilation and myocardial contraction, but it has not yet completely characterised for its pathophysiological role in cardiovascular disease and especially in acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Several studies have indicated that tissue factor (TF) plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of ACS by triggering the formation of intracoronary t…

Adipokine responses to acute resistance exercise in trained and untrained men.

INTRODUCTION: Adipose tissue-derived hormones act as key mediators that may link active lifestyles to improved cardiovascular function. This study tested the hypothesis that a single weight training session would beneficially modulate adipokine profile in a way that would exert protection against endothelial dysfunction, in trained but not sedentary subjects. METHODS: Male subjects (n = 43) were categorized into four separate groups based on exercise history: 1) sedentary, 2) weight trainers, 3) runners, or 4) weight trainer + runners. All subjects underwent a single progressive leg press wei

Serum ghrelin, adipokine and insulin levels in children with acute hepatitis.

OBJECTIVES: Recent reports suggest that adipokines are potent modulators of inflammation. We tested the hypothesis that the decreased food intake and the acute liver disease might be associated with changes of serum ghrelin, adipokines and insulin levels. METHODS: Fasting ghrelin, adiponectin, leptin, resistin and insulin were measured in 25 children suffering from acute viral hepatitis, caused by either hepatitis A or Epstein-Barr viruses. The age of the patients ranged from 2.2 to 17.2 years (mean: 10.4 years); 10 male and 15 female. Samples for hormones and liver function tests were drawn …

Cosmetic exposure and hepatic steatosis: Investigating the role of metals and adipokines.

BACKGROUND: Cosmetic use is increasingly common among young college students; however, its potential link to hepatic steatosis remains unclear. This exploratory study examined associations between external cosmetic use, internal metal exposure, and hepatic steatosis indices, as well as the possible mediating roles of adipokines. METHODS: A panel study with 70 college students collected cosmetics exposure data, quantified serum levels of 26 metals, and measured plasma adipokine levels. Hepatic steatosis was assessed using the HSI and ZJU index as non-invasive indirect biomarkers. Generalized l…

Alterations in Adipokine Levels Are Associated with Human Perinatal Anxiety and Depression.

Background: Adipokines secreted by the adipose tissue and placenta play a critical role in regulating metabolic functions that are essential for fetoplacental development and embryonic growth. While adipokines are known to impact a wide range of physiological and pathological conditions, their role in affective disorders during pregnancy remains underexplored. In this study, we aimed to assess the serum levels of distinct adipokines and examine their association with anxiety and comorbid depression in pregnant women. Methods: Third-trimester pregnant women with severe anxiety (ANX, n = 45) and…

The potential role of adipokines and hepatokines in age-related ocular diseases.

Age-related ocular diseases, including diabetic retinopathy (DR), age-related macular degeneration (AMD), cataract and glaucoma may lead to … rted by limited evidence to-date, thus needing further investigation. Altered secretion patterns of adipokines (adiponectin, leptin, lipocalin-2, resistin) and hepatokines [adropin, fetuin-A, fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-21, retinol binding protein (RBP)-4] seem to disrupt ocular homeostasis and contribute to the development of age-related ocular diseases …

Adipokines and Associations With Incident Osteoporotic Fracture in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis.

OBJECTIVE: We assessed whether circulating adipokines are associated with incident fractures in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: Three adipokines (adiponectin, leptin, and fibroblast growth factor [FGF]-21) were measured using banked enrollment serum from participants in a longitudinal RA cohort. Adipokine levels were dichotomized as high/low using median values. Incident osteoporotic fracture was defined based on published algorithms using diagnostic codes and confirmed by chart review. Cox proportional hazard models evaluated adipokines and incident fracture risk adjusting …

Impacts of adipokines in the development and consequence of COVID-19-associated mucormycosis.

Adipokines play fundamental roles in regulating inflammatory responses. Patients with COVID-19 and mucormycosis suffer from inflammatory responses leading to immune dysregulation. This study therefore focused on clarifying whether visfatin and vaspin, known adipokines with immunoregulatory effects, participate in the development and outcome of COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM). Serum samples were obtained from 75 patients suffering from COVID-19 and mucormycosis and 20 non-comorbid healthy individuals. The serum levels of visfatin and vaspin were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent as…

The Role of Adipokines in Chronic Pancreatitis. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Adipokines are among the biomarkers that have been studied in chronic pancreatitis (CP), as well as in pancreatic cancer (PC). So far, the existing findings are contradictory and inconclusive. Therefore, we assessed the levels of three major adipokines in CP in comparison to controls and PC, adiponectin, leptin, and resistin. METHODS: A systematic electronic search was carried out in November 2022 using PubMed, Embase, and Scopus, reviewing observational studies. By using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, the included studies' quality was evaluated (NOS). In the examination of …

Exploring the role of adipokines in exercise-induced inhibition of tumor growth.

The integration of exercise prescriptions into cancer adjuvant therapy presents challenges stemming from the ambiguity surrounding the preci … or cell proliferation. The results of this study suggest that exercise may stimulate the release of adipokines from brown adipose tissue, transport them through the blood to the distant tumor microenvironment, and downregulate GM-CSF expression, alleviating tumor immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment, thereby inhibiting at HCC progression. These fi …

Circulating Adipokines and Response to Treatment in Patients With Early Rheumatoid Arthritis.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine if baseline adiponectin, leptin, and resistin levels are associated with response to antirheumatic treatment in early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: This study included 341 participants of the Nordic Rheumatic Diseases Strategy Trials and Registries trial with untreated early RA, randomized at baseline into four treatment arms: methotrexate combined with (1) prednisolone, (2) certolizumab, (3) abatacept, or (4) tocilizumab. Follow-up was up to 48 weeks. Adipokines were measured in plasma at baseline with enzyme-linked immunosorbent …

The Mother-Child Dyad Adipokine Pattern: A Review of Current Knowledge.

An important role in the network of interconnections between the mother and child is played by adipokines, which are adipose tissue hormones engaged in the regulation of metabolism. Alternations of maternal adipokines translate to the worsening of maternal insulin resistance as well as metabolic stress, altered placenta functions, and fetal development, which finally contribute to long-term metabolic unfavorable conditions. This paper is the first to summarize the current state of knowledge concerning the concentrations of individual adipokines in different biological fluids of maternal and co…

Adipokine levels and their association with clinical disease severity in patients with dengue.

Adipokines have not been studied in acute dengue, despite their emerging role in inducing and regulating inflammation. Therefore, we sought to identify adipokine levels in patients with varying severities of acute dengue to understand their role in disease pathogenesis. We determined the levels of leptin, resistin, omentin, adiponectin, as well as IFNβ, and NS1 using quantitative ELISA in patients with dengue fever (DF = 49) and dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF = 22) at admission (febrile phase) and at the time of discharge (recovery phase). The viral loads and serotypes of all samples were quan…

New insights into different adipokines in linking the pathophysiology of obesity and psoriasis.

Psoriasis is a chronic, systemic, hyper-proliferative immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease. The results of epidemiological investigatio … e endocrine cells, are dysfunctional in obesity which displays increased synthesis and secretion of adipokines with other modified metabolic properties. Currently, growing evidence has pointed to the central role of adipokines in adipose tissue and the immune system, providing new insights into the effect of adipokines in linking the pathophysiology of obesi …

Adipose-derived exosomes: A novel adipokine in obesity-associated diabetes.

Dysfunction of the adipose tissue is a central driver for obesity-associated diabetes. It is characterized by dysregulated adipokine secretion, which contributes to insulin resistance of key metabolic tissues, including the liver, skeletal muscles, and fat itself. The inter-organ cross talk between the adipose tissue and the other organs as well as the intra-organ cross talk between adipocytes and macrophages within the adipose tissue, traditionally mediated by hormones, was recently evidenced to be regulated by adipose-derived exosomes. Exosomes are nano-sized membrane-bound vesicles secreted

More Than an Adipokine: The Complex Roles of Chemerin Signaling in Cancer.

Chemerin is widely recognized as an adipokine, with diverse biological roles in cellular differentiation and metabolism, as well as a leukocyte chemoattractant. Research investigating the role of chemerin in the obesity-cancer relationship has provided evidence both for pro- and anti-cancer effects. The tumor-promoting effects of chemerin primarily involve direct effects on migration, invasion, and metastasis as well as growth and proliferation of cancer cells. Chemerin can also promote tumor growth via the recruitment of tumor-supporting mesenchymal stromal cells and stimulation of angiogenes

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… Lower levels of this adipokine have also been linked to an increased risk for several types of cancer [ 17 , 18 ]. In contrast to adiponectin, circulating levels of the adipokine leptin increase in proportion to fat mass. … Finally, most research regarding the impact of adipokines on cancer has focused on a single molecule. It is well known that the relative amounts and spectrum of adipokines is affected by adiposity and adipocyte function. …

Adipokine expression in systemic sclerosis lung and gastrointestinal organ involvement.

OBJECTIVES: The immunomodulatory properties of adipokines have previously been reported in autoimmune disorders. Less is known about the role of adipokines in systemic sclerosis (SSc). Lung and gastrointestinal tract are frequently involved in SSc; therefore, these organs were analyzed for adipokine expression as well as pulmonary samples of patients suffering from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) as comparison. METHODS: Gastric samples (antrum, corpus) of SSc were analyzed immunohistochemically for adiponectin, resistin and visfatin compared with non-SSc related gastritis. Inflammatory ce…

Obesity in pregnancy: a novel concept on the roles of adipokines in uterine contractility.

Obesity is a global health problem even among pregnant women. Obesity alters quality of labor, such as preterm labor, prolonged labor, and h … largest endocrine and paracrine organ, especially in obesity, is responsible for the production of adipokines and various cytokines and chemokines, and there are no reliable data available describing the relation between body mass index, glucose intolerance, and adipokines during pregnancy. Recent data suggest that the dysregulation of leptin, adiponectin, …