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Hyperprolactinemia--a significant factor in female infertility.

A prospective study was undertaken to determine the incidence of hyperprolactinemia in a group of referred infertile women, and to determine the association with (a) abnormal menstrual function and (b) presence or absence of galactorrhea. Of 113 referred infertile patients, 22 (19.5%) had elevated levels of serum prolactin. Five (4.4%) patients with hyperprolactinemia had neither abnormal menstrual function nor galactorrhea. This study demonstrates that hyperprolactinemia is a common finding in an infertile population, more so when galactorrhea and/or menstrual dysfunction is also present.

[Hyperprolactinemia in the male: clinical aspects and therapy].

Fifty-seven male patients with hyperprolactinemia have been investigated. Macroadenomas were found in 49 patients of whom 24 had received pituitary surgery before elevated PRL levels were discovered. In 8 patients radiology of the pituitary fossa revealed either evidence of microadenoma or a completely normal sella turcica. Prolactin levels ranged from 582 to 498 000 microU/ml. All patients with macroprolactinomas, including those who had undergone previous surgery, had PRL levels above 5000 microU/ml. Disturbances of libido and sexual potency were prevalent in the majority of patients, less f…

Hyperprolactinemia--a review of recent clinical advances.

Since the radioimmunoassay for serum prolactin became available eight years ago, prolactin has become a hormone of considerable clinical int … ilability of effective therapy mandates early recognition and proper management of the patient with hyperprolactinemia.

Significance of hyperprolactinemia in 70 women with amenorrhea.

The clinical, radiological and hormonal findings in 70 amenorrheic patients are described. Hyperprolactinemia was found in 18 patients (25.7%) who were divided into three groups: nine patients with functional secondary amenorrhea, six patients with radiological evidence of pituitary tumor, and three patients with primary amenorrhea. One of the latter group had primary hypothyroidism. Plasma gonadotropin concentrations were normal or low in most patients, with the exception of five women with ovarian failure in whom the levels were significantly raised. Galactorrhea was diagnosed in 23 patients…

Гиперпролактинемия как проявление множественных склерозов.

Фон: Множественный склероз - хроническое воспаление. Уровень распространенности гиперпролактинемии у пациента с MS составляет 6,7%. Метод: отчет о деле. Результат: В данном случае речь идет о 31-летней женщине с множественным склерозом (MS), которая представила галакторрею, редкий симптом MS, а также другие неврологические проявления. У нее был повышенный уровень пролактиновой сыворотки и нормальная гипофизовая железа без признаков аденомы или повреждений. Уровни сыворотки были нормализованы после обработки внутривенным метилпреднизолоном. Для лечения ее галакторреи не использовались допаминер

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Background: Multiple Sclerosis is a chronic inflamatory disorder. The prevalence of hyperprolactinemia in patient with MS is 6.7 %. Method: Case report. Result: This case report describes a 31-year-old woman with multiple sclerosis (MS) who presented with galactorrhea, a rare symptom of MS, along with other neurological manifestations. She had elevated serum…

Treatment of hyperprolactinemia: A single-institute experience.

BACKGROUND: Dopamine agonists such as bromocriptine and cabergoline have been found to be an effective treatment for hyperprolactinemia, not only inducing adenoma shrinkage but also lowering serum prolactin levels. Among known dopamine agonists, cabergoline is the drug of choice due to its enhanced tolerability compared with bromocriptine. This study aimed to evaluate cabergoline's effectiveness, along with transsphenoidal surgery, in the treatment of hyperprolactinemia. METHODS: We retrieved all patients with a diagnosis of prolactinoma who were treated in our hospital during 2000-2018. A to…

Hyperprolactinemia in Adults with Prader-Willi Syndrome.

Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare neurodevelopmental genetic disorder typically characterized by body composition abnormalities, hyperphagia, behavioural challenges, cognitive dysfunction, and hypogonadism. Psychotic illness is common, particularly in patients with maternal uniparental disomy (mUPD), and antipsychotic medications can result in hyperprolactinemia. Information about hyperprolactinemia and its potential clinical consequences in PWS is sparse. Here, we present data from an international, observational study of 45 adults with PWS and hyperprolactinemia. Estimated prevalence of …

Idiopathic hyperprolactinemia - A challenge for primary care.

Hyperprolactinemia is a condition of elevated serum prolactin, which usually occurs in women as compared to men. Most patients present to primary care clinics with a history of galactorrhoea, oligomenorrhea, amenorrhoea or infertility. Literature search reveals that there were few idiopathic causes of hyperprolactinemia, which resolved by itself without specific pharmacological or surgical treatment. This case is of a 39-year-old woman presented with amenorrhea for four months after Implanon removal and concomitantly noted to have galactorrhoea for four years without any medical attention. The…

The mechanism of selfheal extract in treating hyperprolactinemia.

OBJECTIVE: Selfheal has been used for many years in hyperprolactinemia induced galactorrhea, menstrual disorders, and dysgenesis with satisfactory curative effect. However, its mechanism is still unclear. This study intended to investigate the effect of selfheal extract on hyperprolactinemia in vivo and in vitro, in order to elucidate its mechanism of anti-hyperprolactinemia. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Hyperprolactinemia rat model was established. High dose (28.8 g/(kg⋅d)), middle dose (14.4 g/ (kg⋅d)), and low dose (7.2 g/(kg⋅d)) of selfheal extract were used to treat the model to observe impact …

A boy with prepubertal gynecomastia, hyperprolactinemia, and hypothyroidism.

Non-physiologic prepubertal gynecomastia with an identifiable cause is an uncommon condition. Hyperprolactinemia due to hypothyroidism is known to result in gynecomastia in adults, but this observation has not been reported in children. We discuss here a boy who developed gynecomastia after the first year of age and was later diagnosed with congenital hypothyroidism.

Tuberous sclerosis: An uncommon cause of hyperprolactinemia.

Tuberous Sclerosis is a multi system genetic disorder affecting skin, central nervous system,kidney,heart and lungs. We present a case report of a 26 year old female with tuberous sclerosis who presented with galactorrhea and menstrual irregularities due to hyperprolactinemia.

Hyperprolactinemia with antipsychotic drugs in children and adolescents.

There is increasing use of antipsychotic drugs in pediatric and psychiatry practice for a wide range of behavioral and affective disorders. These drugs have prominent side effects of interest to pediatric endocrinologists, including weight gain and associated metabolic risk factors and hyperprolactinemia. The drugs block dopamine action, thus disinhibiting prolactin secretion. Hyperprolactinemia is especially prominent with first-generation antipsychotics such as haloperidol and the second-generation drugs, most commonly risperidone, with some patients developing gynecomastia or galactorrhea o…

[Cabergoline in hyperprolactinemia and valvular heart disease].

INTRODUCTION: High-dose cabergoline therapy has been related to cardiac valve regurgitation in patients with Parkinson's disease. AIMS: To perform a systematic analysis of reports on low-dose cabergoline treatment in hyperprolactinemia and its effect on the cardiac valves. RESULTS: None of the seven reports analyzed, including 463 patients in total, found clinically significant valve regurgitation. Only one report found moderate tricuspid valve regurgitation, and other two reports found mild tricuspid valve regurgitation. An increase in the mitral tenting area was documented in only one of t…

Macroprolactinemia in childhood and adolescence: a cause of hyperprolactinemia.

Human prolactin consists of multiple forms of different sizes including three major prolactin (PRL) species, termed as little, big, and big-big PRL. If serum contains big-big PRL, it is termed macroprolactinemia; no symptoms of hyperprolactinemia develop due to low biological activity of big-big PRL. There are still few data regarding macroprolactinemia in children and adolescents. In this paper we describe six patients with macroprolactinemia, one of whom was asymptomatic and the other five either had headache, menstrual disturbance, short stature, increased hair growth or early puberty, comp…

Pituitary imaging is indicated for the evaluation of hyperprolactinemia.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the signs and symptoms associated with hyperprolactinemia and establish guidelines for a minimal serum PRL level for which pituitary imaging is indicated. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: Reproductive endocrinology clinic in a university hospital. PATIENT(S): One hundred four consecutive patients with hyperprolactinemia, mean age 30 +/- 6.5 (range 19-44) years. INTERVENTION(S): Classification of clinical symptoms, serum hormone measurements, and pituitary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Incidence of presenting symptoms, serum PRL leve…

A case of Costello with parathyroid adenoma and hyperprolactinemia.

A 23-year-old female with Costello syndrome is presented. She had mental retardation, macrocephalia, "coarse" facial features, deep palmar and plantar creases, hyperkeratosis in palms and soles, hyperpigmentation, curly hair, and cutis laxa, which are among the diagnostic features of the syndrome, and a history of hyperprolactinemia since the age of 16. Her present complaint was weakness and widespread bone-pain. In routine biochemistry, she had an elevated calcium level of 11.1 (8.6-10.2) mg/dl and her DEXA evaluation was consistent with osteoporosis (vertebra and femur T score <-2.5). High P…