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BCAN Think Tank session 3: Prevention of bladder cancer.

The Bladder Cancer Think Tank III brought together a multidisciplinary group of clinician scientists, patient advocates, representatives from the National Cancer Institute, and Industry leaders to discuss the current state of the field in urothelial cancer and to develop strategies to move forward. This paper summarizes the session devoted to prevention. Experts sought to define primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention and discussed clinical trials performed to date testing retinoids, difluoromethylornithine, celecoxib, and other oral agents in a tertiary prevention setting following transu…

Role of physical activity in cancer prevention: An update.

Cancer prevention via regular physical activity has been studied across the world. This minireview aimed to present the latest updates in re … ovarian, pancreas, prostate, brain, thyroid and rectal cancer. Prehabilitation plays a key role in tertiary prevention of cancer and patient symptom alleviation. The role of physical activity was studied under the entire cancer continuum, from primary to tertiary prevention. The minireview highlights the need for interventional trials involving holistic methods comb …

First, do no harm: Critically revisiting contemporary approaches to child sexual abuse prevention.

Crime prevention is typically presented in a tripartite model that includes primary, secondary, and tertiary domains. Almost every criminal justice intervention constitutes tertiary prevention and occurs reactively, in the aftermath of an offence. Child sexual abuse is no exception, and prevention science has long recommended we focus our intervention efforts further upstream. Such an approach would include earlier detection and disclosure (secondary prevention), or-even better-reducing the risks of early exposure to the environmental forces which facilitate sexual abuse in the first place (pr…

A multiple-level, comprehensive approach to the prevention of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) and other alcohol-related birth defects (ARBD).

A comprehensive program for the prevention of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) and alcohol-related birth defects (ARBD) must consider multiple a … ddressed. This paper describes a multiple-level, comprehensive program with primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention components. Practical recommendations are proposed for addressing ARBD in a variety of arenas. While secondary and tertiary prevention hold promise for short-term reduction of FAS and ARBD prevalence, comprehensive prevention serves both short- and …

[Guidelines for 'Asthma in children (ages 0-19)' for youth healthcare].

The objective of the evidence-based guidelines 'Asthma in children (ages 0-19)' for youth healthcare (CHC) is the prevention and reduction o … t signs of dyspnoea and wheezing. Patients suspected of having asthma should be referred to the GP. Tertiary prevention (reducing symptoms in children with asthma): the main advice is no smoking (neither passive nor active) and to follow the advice of the treating physician.

[Prevention in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder].

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that begins at an early age and can be present until adulth … ention should be considered as a primary goal. Most preventive actions on ADHD have been focused on tertiary prevention. The present review aims to study the factors involved in the development of ADHD in order to form a prevention model beyond tertiary prevention. This research focuses on models of primary prevention (early detection of disease) and secondary preven …

От генов к окружающей среде: жизненный подход к профилактике педиатрических аутоиммунных заболеваний.

Аутоиммунные заболевания у детей, включая тип 1 Все более серьезной проблемой для здоровья людей во всем мире являются диабет, болезни селиака и детский артрит. Этот всплеск, слишком быстрый для того, чтобы его можно было объяснить только генетическими изменениями, подчеркивает важнейшую роль экологических факторов и подчеркивает настоятельную необходимость принятия активных превентивных мер. Этот обзор представляет собой комплексную, основанную на фактических данных основу для профилактики педиатрических аутоиммунных заболеваний по всему спектру услуг, начиная с первичной и заканчивая третичн

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Autoimmune diseases in children, including type 1 diabetes, celiac disease, and juvenile arthritis, represent a growing global health challe … framework for preventing pediatric autoimmune diseases across the care spectrum, from primordial to tertiary prevention. We define high-risk pediatric populations using a multidimensional approach that integrates family history, genetic data (e.g., polygenic risk scores), and preclinical biomarkers. The review details a multi-tiered prevention strategy: Primordial pr …

What prevention approaches and technologies are we using? Analysing HIV and AIDS communication campaigns in Brazil.

Health campaigns have been carried out for a century in Brazil to prevent diseases, including HIV and AIDS. But what approaches and technologies are used in these actions? Our aim was to identify and discuss prevention strategies in HIV and AIDS campaigns run by the Ministry of Health between 2012 and 2022. This is a qualitative-quantitative exploratory study based on thematic content analysis and descriptive statistics. The primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary categories of prevention were discussed in the light of the relevant literature. It was observed that the campaigns use approac

Puerperal sepsis-related knowledge and reported self-care practices among postpartum women in Dar es salaam, Tanzania.

BACKGROUND: Knowledge and reported self-care practices of postpartum women are important for early detection, prevention and treatment of puerperal sepsis. OBJECTIVES: This study analyzes the knowledge and self-care practices for prevention of puerperal sepsis and their determinants among postpartum women. METHODS: A hospital-based analytical cross-sectional study which included 343 postpartum women was conducted from February to March 2021. Data were collected using interviewer-administered questionnaire. Predictors of knowledge and self-care reported practice were determined using binary l

Early prevention of childhood disability in developing countries.

The concept of prevention, while implicit in most early intervention efforts, has not been comprehensively articulated as a basis for concep … s to effect a reduction of its expression, its duration or extended impact. Primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention can be implemented in the context of community based rehabilitation to address these goals: (a) enhance development and minimize the potential for delay; (b) minimize the need for special education and related services; and (c) minimize the likeliho …

Strategies for preventing and reducing the impact of acute respiratory failure from pneumonia.

INTRODUCTION: Pneumonia remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly in critically ill patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF). This review discusses prevention strategies for pneumonia-induced ARF, categorized into primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. AREAS COVERED: A literature search was conducted through PubMed covering the years 2000-2024, using the keywords 'acute respiratory failure,' pneumonia prevention," 'risk stratification,' and 'preventive strategies.' Primary prevention focuses on reducing pneumonia risk through vaccination, smoking cessation, a…

The prevention of drug abuse--state of the art and directions for future actions.

Based on a public health model, three types of strategies to prevent drug abuse can be discerned: primary, secondary and tertiary prevention. Primary prevention programs (anticipation and prevention of the occurrence of drug abuse) have mostly been directed to elementary grade school children in general. As knowledge about genetic predisposition increases, early developmental periods are increasingly plastic, and substance abuse is now beginning at earlier ages. Prophylactic interventions need to focus on childhood high-risk groups. With respect to secondary prevention (aiming at the discontin…

Evaluating efficiency and equity of prevention and control strategies for rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease in India: an extended cost-effectiveness analysis.

BACKGROUND: There is a dearth of evidence on the cost-effectiveness of a combination of population-based primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention and control strategies for rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease. The present analysis evaluated the cost-effectiveness and distributional effect of primary, secondary, and tertiary interventions and their combinations for the prevention and control of rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease in India. METHODS: A Markov model was constructed to estimate the lifetime costs and consequences among a hypothetical cohort of 5-year-old healthy…

A call for prevention and early intervention in obsessive-compulsive disorder.

BACKGROUND: Evidence suggests that many people with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have subclinical symptoms years before the developme … h their compulsions, are promising areas for prevention and early intervention in high-risk groups. Tertiary prevention has also been limited by an inadequate number of trained clinicians to deliver evidence-based treatments. CONCLUSIONS: Much more research is needed in relation to the prevention of OCD. There is limited scope for primary prevention with respect to …

[Role of allergen immunotherapy in the prevention of allergic asthma].

The prevalence of allergic asthma is still increasing, which affects the quality of life of patients, threatens their lives, and brings enor … ve effect on the development and progression of allergic asthma. In this article, the definition of tertiary prevention of allergic asthma is described, and the respective role of AIT in primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of allergic asthma is summarized and analyzed. The aim of this article is to provide evidence for the prevention and control of allergic as …

International guidelines for the prevention of sexual violence: A systematic review and perspective of WHO, UN Women, UNESCO, and UNICEF's publications.

BACKGROUND: Sexual violence is a major public health issue worldwide, with a high prevalence and extensive human and financial costs. Implem … ed, of which 50 met the inclusion criteria. All international guidelines were limited to primary or tertiary prevention, and they were not specifically dedicated to sexual violence. In addition, each organization had developed idiosyncratic prevention strategies. Common primary prevention determinants of health were still found across organizations, including educati …

Accuracy of handheld echocardiography for bedside diagnostic evaluation in a tertiary cardiology center: comparison with standard echocardiography.

AIMS: We aimed to assess the clinical role of a basic handheld echocardiographic device (HHE) used during cardiology training in evaluating different functional and morphological elements of the heart. METHODS AND RESULTS: 56 consecutive patients (pts), 26 women, mean age 60.0 ± 11.9 years admitted in our Cardiology Department had an echocardiogram performed by both cardiology trainees using a HHE with B-mode capabilities only and by cardiologists with advanced training in echocardiography using a standard echocardiography device (SE). Several parameters were analyzed: the presence of wall mo

[Treatment of Alzheimer's disease: the current situation?].

Current evidence tends to support the notion that Alzheimer's disease may be postponed by implementing interventions toward the potential et … nt in mental, social, and physical activities may postpone the onset of the dementing disorder. The tertiary prevention may help stabilize cognitive functions, reduce agitation, control neuropsychiatric symptoms. This tertiary prevention aims to avoid functional disability, and if possible, to improve quality of life for patients with AD. Cognitive training may help …

The pharmacologic approach to the prevention of preeclampsia: from antiplatelet, antithrombosis and antioxidant therapy to anticonvulsants.

Preeclampsia has been suggested to be a two-stage disorder of an alteration in placental perfusion (stage 1) leading to generalized vascular endothelial damage (stage 2). Because the mechanism linking the two stages remains unclear, effective primary prevention is still impossible. However, advances made in our understanding of the pathophysiology of preeclampsia have paved the way for secondary and tertiary prevention approaches. Platelets are known to be activated in early pregnancy. They also play a pivotal role in the process of inflammation, as demonstrated by the finding that CD40 ligand…

Incorporating Quaternary Prevention: Understanding the Full Scope of Public Health Practices in Sexual Abuse Prevention.

This discussion piece argues for a refinement in our understanding of prevention in sexual abuse, suggesting that we include quaternary prevention on the grounds that this concept from medical literature has potential and helpful application to criminal justice and particularly to work with those who cause sexual harm. Located within the paradigm of Epidemiological Criminology (EpiCrim), quaternary prevention extends the prevention spectrum to enable a stronger distinction between tertiary level responses and long-term safe, sustainable reintegration into communities, particularly of those who