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Postmortem serum protein S100B levels with regard to the cause of death involving brain damage in medicolegal autopsy cases.

The protein S100 is an acidic calcium-binding protein, and the subunit S100B is the most abundantly found in the brain. The aim of the present study was a comprehensive analysis of serum S100B levels in medicolegal autopsy cases (within 48 h postmortem, n = 283) including victims with head and non-head injuries and also non-injury fatalities with regard to the cause of death involving brain damage. The serum level was usually higher in the subclavian vein than in the right heart and external iliac vein, and the lowest in the left heart blood, showing no significant postmortem influence. The se

Association of Central Nervous System-Related Biomarkers With Hospital Delirium in Patients With Respiratory Failure in the ICU.

In-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) has been understudied relative to out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Further, studies of IHCA have mainly foc … onary diseases. Patients were excluded if their IHCA was due to trauma, drug overdose, hypothermia, drowning, chronic terminal illness such as cancer or human immunodeficiency virus, or bleeding not caused by hemorrhage in the brain or heart. Also collected were dates, times, and causes of mechanical intubation prior to IHCA and causes of mortality. Co-pri …

National, regional, and global causes of mortality in 5-19-year-olds from 2000 to 2019: a systematic analysis.

BACKGROUND: Investments in the survival of older children and adolescents (aged 5-19 years) bring triple dividends for now, their future, an … plasms (95 401 [90 744-104 812]; 6·4% [6·1-6·8]); malaria (81 516 [72 150-94 477]; 5·5% [4·9-6·2]); drowning (77 460 [72 474-85 952]; 5·2% [4·9-5·5]); and diarrhoea (72 679 [66 599-82 002], 4·9% [4·5-5·3]). The leading causes varied substantially across regions. The contribution of communicable, maternal, perinatal, and nutritional conditions declined with …

Use of epidemiological data as the basis for developing a medical curriculum.

Context and objectiveEpidemiology may help educators to face the challenge of establishing content guidelines for the curricula in medical schools. The aim was to develop learning objectives for a medical curriculum from an epidemiology database.Design and settingDescriptive study assessing morbidity and mortality data, conducted in a private university in São Paulo.MethodsAn epidemiology database was used, with mortality and morbidity recorded as summaries of deaths and the World Health Organization's Disability-Adjusted Life Year (DALY). The scoring took into consideration probabilities for

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… 15 Other unintentional injuries 336 HIV/AIDS 491 Ischaemic heart disease 1.272 16 Road traffic accidents 335 Neonatal infections and other conditions 488 Meningitis 1.267 17 Pancreas cancer 317 Inflammatory heart diseases 461 Congenital anomalies 1.128 18 Alcohol use disorders 317 Breast cancer 413 Drownings … AIDS | 491 | Ischaemic heart disease | 1.272 16 | Road traffic accidents | 335 | Neonatal infections and other conditions | 488 | Meningitis | 1.267 17 | Pancreas cancer | 317 | Inflammatory heart diseases | 461 | Congenital anomalies | 1.128 18 | Alcohol use disorders | 317 | Breast cancer | 413 | Drownings …

[Pre-hospital management of adults with life-threatening emergencies].

In France, acute life-threatening situations are handled by the French Secours a Personne (assistance to persons) and emergency medical faci … me acute respiratory situations such as anaphylactic shock, foreign-body inhalation, electrocution, drowning, drug overdose, certain forms of poisoning, and conditions requiring initial hyperbaric oxygen (diving accidents, acute carbon monoxide and smoke poisoning). The reasons for suboptimal emergency care in life-threatening situations are currently a ma …

Risk status at discharge and cause of death for postneonatal infant deaths: a total population study.

OBJECTIVES: To obtain population-based, clinical information regarding potentially modifiable factors contributing to death during the postn … ity-related conditions (11%, N = 43), infections (9%, N = 34), external causes (including injuries, drownings, ingestions, and burns) (7%, N = 25), and other (6%, N = 23). In 24% of congenital and 25% to 44% of prematurity-related deaths, infection was the acute or associated cause of death. Infants born to black mothers were more likely than those born to …

Prevalence of retinal hemorrhages in pediatric patients after in-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a prospective study.

OBJECTIVE: Child abuse occurs in 1% of children in the United States every year; 10% of the traumatic injuries suffered by children under 5 … a, documented retinal hemorrhages before the arrest, suspicion of child abuse, or diagnosis of near-drowning or seizures. All of the precipitating events leading to cardiopulmonary arrest occurred in our intensive care unit, eliminating the possibility of physical abuse as an etiology. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS: Examination of the retina was perf …

Rapid health transition in China, 1990-2010: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010.

BACKGROUND: China has undergone rapid demographic and epidemiological changes in the past few decades, including striking declines in fertility and child mortality and increases in life expectancy at birth. Popular discontent with the health system has led to major reforms. To help inform these reforms, we did a comprehensive assessment of disease burden in China, how it changed between 1990 and 2010, and how China's health burden compares with other nations. METHODS: We used results of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2010 (GBD 2010) for 1990 and 2010 for China

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… China had significantly worse ranks than the mean for stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, liver cancer, stomach cancer, oesophageal cancer, leukaemia, drowning, and falls. … Men in China had higher than G20 average rates of DALYs caused by stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, liver cancer, stomach cancer, oesophageal cancer, and drowning. …

London Trauma Conference 2015 : London, UK, 8-11 December 2015.

I1: Trauma, Pre-hospital and Cardiac Arrest Care 2015 Pascale Avery, Leopold Salm, Flora Bird A1: Retrospective evaluation of HEMS ‘Direct t … s in London Cara Jennings, Yasmin Kapadia, Duncan Bew A20 London’s Air Ambulance (LAA): 25-years of drownings in an urban environment Jenny Townsend, Tom P Hurst, Elizabeth A Foster A21 Live patients in trauma simulation – more than just simulation on a shoestring? Thomas B Brown, Joseph Collinson, Christopher Pritchett, Toby Slade A22 Collecting core data …

[The incidence of tuberculosis in Romania in 1994].

The 1994 TB notification rate structure in Romania was based on the data reported in "New-case/relapse TB notification form", registered between 1.01.-31.12.1994 and stored in "National TB-Register" data base. The 21,422 TB patients notified in 1994 correspond to an annual incidence of 94.2%000, which means an increase of 5.41% as compared with 1993, of 34.6% as compared to 1990 and of 68.8% as compared to 1985. As compared with 1985 tb notifications, this increase supplied a commulative overload of 32,546 patients, out of which, 18,233 only in the last 5 years. Tb notification rate show large

Plesiomonas shigelloides Bacteremia: A Scoping Review of Epidemiology, Clinical Characteristics, Outcomes, and Implications of Antimicrobial Stewardship.

Plesiomonas shigelloides, an aquatic Gram-negative bacillus often associated with self-limiting gastroenteritis, has been reported worldwide. However, to date, no reviews have specifically investigated P. shigelloides bacteremia, which is rare and potentially fatal. This scoping review aimed to examine the existing literature to identify the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, antimicrobial susceptibility, and outcomes of P. shigelloides bacteremia. A PRISMA-ScR-guided search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase identified 22 published cases, all reported as single-patient case re

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… Successful Liver Transplantation from Donor with Plesiomonas shigelloides Sepsis after Freshwater Drowning: Case Report and Review of Literature on Gram-Negative Bacterial Aspiration during Drowning and Utilization of Organs from Bacteremic Donors Surg. …

Mechanical versus manual chest compressions for cardiac arrest.

BACKGROUND: Mechanical chest compression devices have been proposed to improve the effectiveness of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). OB … est (IHCA). We excluded studies explicitly including patients with cardiac arrest caused by trauma, drowning, hypothermia and toxic substances. These conditions are routinely excluded from cardiac arrest intervention studies because they have a different underlying pathophysiology, require a variety of interventions specific to the underlying condition and …

Estimating the cause-specific relative risks of non-optimal temperature on daily mortality: a two-part modelling approach applied to the Global Burden of Disease Study.

BACKGROUND: Associations between high and low temperatures and increases in mortality and morbidity have been previously reported, yet no co … d relationships with daily temperature, whereas the risk of external causes (eg, homicide, suicide, drowning, and related to disasters, mechanical, transport, and other unintentional injuries) increased monotonically with temperature. The theoretical minimum risk exposure levels varied by location and year as a function of the underlying cause of death com …

Unexpected non-HIV causes of death in children born to HIV-infected mothers. Pediatric Pulmonary and Cardiac Complications of Vertically Transmitted HIV Infection Study Group.

INTRODUCTION: A high incidence of sudden, unexplained deaths in infants born to HIV-infected mothers has been noted in several epidemiologic … IV-related death occurred when a 38-month-old child died together with the mother in an unwitnessed drowning. The cumulative mortality rate attributable to trauma and sudden death at 4 months of age was 0.95% (95% CI: 0.02-1. 87%) and the infant mortality rate was 9.5/1000 live births. Three children were born prematurely at 30, 33, and 36 weeks' gestation …

Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 315 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE), 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015.

BACKGROUND: Healthy life expectancy (HALE) and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) provide summary measures of health across geographies and time that can inform assessments of epidemiological patterns and health system performance, help to prioritise investments in research and development, and monitor progress toward the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). We aimed to provide updated HALE and DALYs for geographies worldwide and evaluate how disease burden changes with development. METHODS: We used results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2015 (GBD 20

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… Stroke and lower respiratory infections resulted in fewer DALYs than expected for most countries in south Asia, yet other causes exacted more DALYs than expected on the basis of SDI (eg, tuberculosis in India and drowning in Bangladesh). … Both the drownings and the change in health status in countries receiving migrants are not adequately captured in this assessment due to the time-lags in data collection and data capture intrinsic in all health data systems. …

Effect of pentachlorophenol and chemical oxygen demand mass concentrations in influent on operational behaviors of upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor.

Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor that was seeded with anaerobic sludge acclimated to chlorophenols was used to investigate the feasibility of anaerobic biotreatment of synthetic wastewater containing pentachlorophenol (PCP) with additional sucrose as carbon source. Two sets of UASB reactors were operated at one time. But the seeded sludge for the two reactors was different and Reactor I was seeded with the sludge that was acclimated to PCP completely for half a year, and Reactor II was seeded with the mixed sludge that was acclimated for half a year to PCP, 4-CP, 3-CP or 2-CP, re

Explanation of near-death experiences: a systematic analysis of case reports and qualitative research.

Background and objectiveSome individuals report a near-death experience (NDE) after a life-threatening crisis, which refers to a range of subjective experiences related to impending death. This experience is a phenomenon with transcendental elements, which leads to deep permanent changes in both the individual and the social lives of the NDEr's. Therefore, this study aims to review the near-death experiences of individuals with different religious and cultural views.MethodologyThis is a systematic analysis study. All the case report, case series and qualitative research studies which presented

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… Meeting a man with a book 10 | Bonenfant ( 2000 ) | A Near-Death Experience Followed by the Visitation of an “Angel-Like” Being | 31 | Female | A research manager for individuals with mentally retardation | Two minutes | Drowning in the swimming pool | 1. … Awareness of the environment outside the hospital room 15 | Greyson ( 1997 ) | The near-death experience as a focus of clinical attention | 4 | 26-years old who had NDE 20 years before | Female | N/C | Near-drowning | 1. Out-of-body experience 2. Tunnel experience 3. …

Abstracts

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Motivational interviewing for alcohol misuse in young adults.

BACKGROUND: Globally, harmful use of alcohol results in approximately 2.5 million deaths each year. About 9% of these deaths are young people between the ages of 15 and 29 years (WHO 2011), mainly resulting from motor vehicle accidents, homicides, suicides and drownings. Hazardous drinking levels for men (consuming over 40 g/day alcohol on average, that is 5 units) double the risk of liver disease, raised blood pressure, some cancers and violent death (because some people who have this average alcohol consumption drink heavily on some days). For women, over 24 g/day average alcohol consumption…

Preventable Premature Deaths from the Five Leading Causes of Death in Nonmetropolitan and Metropolitan Counties, United States, 2010-2022.

PROBLEM/CONDITION: A 2019 report quantified the higher percentage of potentially excess (preventable) deaths in U.S. nonmetropolitan areas c … ntional poisoning including drug overdose, unintentional motor vehicle traffic crash, unintentional drowning, and unintentional fall) and stroke, decreased for cancer and chronic lower respiratory disease (CLRD), and remained stable for heart disease. The percentages of preventable premature deaths from the five leading causes of death were higher in rural …