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Lupus Nephritis in Asia: Clinical Features and Management.

BACKGROUND: Lupus nephritis (LN) is a common and severe organ involvement manifesting itself in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). There is a considerable difference in prevalence, severity, treatment response and outcomes between Asian LN patients and LN patients from other racial backgrounds. SUMMARY: Asian SLE patients have a higher prevalence of LN than Caucasian SLE patients and often present with a more severe disease. Increasing data from genetic studies, accompanied by progress in high-throughput genotyping, have advanced our knowledge about genetic predispositions that might partly

Epidemiology, clinical features, and outcomes of peripheral T-cell lymphoma in Latin America: an international, retrospective, cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Peripheral T-cell lymphomas represent a rare and heterogeneous group of mature T-cell neoplasms characterised by aggressive behavior. Previous studies evaluating peripheral T-cell lymphoma epidemiology across Latin America have been restricted in their representation of most countries in the region. In this study, we aimed to describe peripheral T-cell lymphoma epidemiology across Latin America. METHODS: We did an international, retrospective, cohort study of patients (aged ≥18 years) with newly diagnosed peripheral T-cell lymphoma across 11 countries in Latin America (Argentina,

COVID-19 testing and reporting behaviours in England across different sociodemographic groups: a population-based study using testing data and data from community prevalence surveillance surveys.

BACKGROUND: Understanding underlying mechanisms of heterogeneity in test-seeking and reporting behaviour during an infectious disease outbreak can help to protect vulnerable populations and guide equity-driven interventions. The COVID-19 pandemic probably exerted different stresses on individuals in different sociodemographic groups and ensuring fair access to and usage of COVID-19 tests was a crucial element of England's testing programme. We aimed to investigate the relationship between sociodemographic factors and COVID-19 testing behaviours in England during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS

Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017.

BACKGROUND: The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2017 comparative risk assessment (CRA) is a comprehensive approach to risk factor quantification that offers a useful tool for synthesising evidence on risks and risk-outcome associations. With each annual GBD study, we update the GBD CRA to incorporate improved methods, new risks and risk-outcome pairs, and new data on risk exposure levels and risk-outcome associations. METHODS: We used the CRA framework developed for previous iterations of GBD to estimate levels and trends in exposure, attributable deaths, and

A population-based analysis of hematological malignancies from a French-West-Indies cancer registry's data (2009-2018).

BackgroundA worldwide increased incidence of HM has been marked in recent decades. Therefore, to update epidemiological characteristics of HM in a French West Indies territory, we have performed analysis through Martinique's population-based cancer registry database.MethodsWe included cancer case data, from 2009-2018, coded in strict compliance with international standards set by International Agency for Research on Cancer. We calculated standardized incidence rates, cumulative rate (ages 0-74), and temporal trends for cases and deaths using the global population standard, by sex and five age

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… Future epidemiological studies should allow the declination of the characteristics of the most frequent subtypes of HM in the Caribbean region and their degrees of heterogeneity. … In addition, the role of infectious agents and environmental factors specific to the Caribbean region warrants specific research with neighboring territories that could help identify other risk factors. …

Nutritional impact symptoms and dietary changes among women in a cancer support network: a qualitative analysis.

ObjectiveTo examine nutritional impact symptoms and dietary changes experienced by cancer patients in Trinidad, as well as the nutritional support and guidance they received during treatment.MethodA qualitative study was conducted of 12 adult cancer patients who were diagnosed within the last five years, undergoing treatment and recruited from a non-profit organisation. Participants' experiences with dietary changes and nutritional needs were examined through face-to-face interviews guided by 21 semi-structured questions. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and analysed thematically using De

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… Within the Caribbean region, there is a paucity of research on NIS and its associated issues among cancer patients. … An Updated Overview of Estimates for Cancer Incidence and Mortality in the Latin America and the Caribbean Region [Internet]. 2022 [cited 2024 Dec 30]. …

Biliary anastomosis using T-tube versus no T-tube for liver transplantation in adults.

RATIONALE: In liver transplantation, biliary reconstruction by performing bile duct anastomosis is a critical step of the operation. Biliary complications, especially fistula (leaks) and stenosis, remain the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. During the operation, surgeons can insert a T-tube into the bile duct following the bile duct reconstruction. This drain decompresses the biliary tract, and it is thought to reduce biliary tract-related complications. There is, however, no consensus on the use of a T-tube as a drainage technique during biliary reconstruction. OBJECTIVES: To asses

Global variations in elderly cancer mortality pattern in 2020 & prediction to 2040: A population-based study.

Background & objectives Cancer contributes to decreasing life expectancy, especially in low- and middle- income countries (LMIC) and countries in transition where resources for diagnosis and care are limited. As the world population is ageing, and by 2050, two-thirds of the population in LMIC will be elderly, the greater impact of cancer on the expectation of life in years at a given age of an adult will be seen in these countries. Methods Estimated cancer mortality for older adults (60 yr or above) was estimated using statistics available on Globocan 2020 platform (gco.iarc.fr). This platform

Cancer Research in the Time of COVID-19: A Colombian Narrative.

Cancer research is deficient in Colombia and efforts and resources diverted due to the COVID-19 pandemic could worsen the situation. We explore the impact of the pandemic on cancer research funding, output, and conduct. We sought information at national level and used the experience of an academic reference center to contrast the impact at institutional level. We searched databases and official documents of national governmental institutions, trial registries, hospital registries, and the Web of Science. We interviewed principal investigators (PIs) to retrieve information on the conduct of can

Mefloquine for preventing malaria in pregnant women.

BACKGROUND: The World Health Organization recommends intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp) with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for malaria for all women who live in moderate to high malaria transmission areas in Africa. However, parasite resistance to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine has been increasing steadily in some areas of the region. Moreover, HIV-infected women on cotrimoxazole prophylaxis cannot receive sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine because of potential drug interactions. Thus, there is an urgent need to identify alternative drugs for prevention of malaria in pregnancy. One such candi

Mefloquine for preventing malaria in pregnant women.

BACKGROUND: The World Health Organization recommends intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp) with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for malaria for all women who live in moderate to high malaria transmission areas in Africa. However, parasite resistance to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine has been increasing steadily in some areas of the region. Moreover, HIV-infected women on cotrimoxazole prophylaxis cannot receive sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine because of potential drug interactions. Thus, there is an urgent need to identify alternative drugs for prevention of malaria in pregnancy. One such candi

Inequities in access to palliative and end-of-life care in the black population in Canada: a scoping review.

BackgroundImproving equity and early access to palliative care for underserved populations in Canada is a priority. Little is known regarding access to palliative and end-of-life care in the Black population.MethodsWe undertook a scoping review using the framework by Arksey and O'Malley to identify knowledge, access gaps, and experiences of palliative and end-of-life care among Blacks living with life-limiting illnesses in Canada. Primary studies, discussion papers, books, and reports were considered eligible. We followed a comprehensive search strategy developed by an information scientist. S

Global Burden of Rare Cancers: Insights from GLOBOCAN 2022 Estimates.

Background: Rare cancers, defined as those with an incidence rate of fewer than 6 cases per 100,000 individuals, contribute to a substantial portion of the global cancer burden. Despite their impact, they receive less attention than more common malignancies, leading to challenges in early detection, treatment strategies, and research funding. This study aims to assess the global incidence and mortality patterns of rare cancers in 2022 to better understand their contribution to the overall cancer burden and regional disparities. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive analysis using 2022 GLOBOCAN

Worldwide cancer statistics of adolescents and young adults in 2019: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

BackgroundThe cancer burden in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) deserves more attention. However, global cancer statistics for AYAs are often presented as aggregates, concealing important heterogeneity. This study aimed to describe the worldwide profile of cancer incidence, mortality, and corresponding trends from 1990 to 2019 among 15-39-year olds by focusing on the patterns by age, sex, sociodemographic index (SDI), and regions.Patients and methodsGlobal, regional, and country data on the number of cancer cases and cancer-related deaths for 29 cancer types were collected from the 2019 Glo

Advances and development of prostate cancer, treatment, and strategies: A systemic review.

The most common type of cancer in the present-day world affecting modern-day men after lung cancer is prostate cancer. Prostate cancer remains on the list of top three cancer types claiming the highest number of male lives. An estimated 1.4 million new cases were reported worldwide in 2020. The incidence of prostate cancer is found predominantly in the regions having a high human development index. Despite the fact that considerable success has been achieved in the treatment and management of prostate cancer, it remains a challenge for scientists and clinicians to curve the speedy advancement

Worldwide cancer statistics of adults over 75 years old in 2019: a systematic analysis of the global burden of disease study 2019.

Background and purposeCancer has become one of the major killers of humanity due to the number of people over the age of 75 increasing with population ageing. The aim of this study was to analyse the incidence and mortality rates in people over 75 of 29 cancer types in 204 countries and regions, as well as the trends from 1990 to 2019.MethodsTwenty-nine cancer types were collected from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 database( https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-results/ ). We collected global cancer data for 2019 in terms of sex, age, sociodemographic index (SDI), region, etc. The estim

Drugs for treating Buruli ulcer (Mycobacterium ulcerans disease).

BACKGROUND: Buruli ulcer is a necrotizing cutaneous infection caused by infection with Mycobacterium ulcerans bacteria that occurs mainly in tropical and subtropical regions. The infection progresses from nodules under the skin to deep ulcers, often on the upper and lower limbs or on the face. If left undiagnosed and untreated, it can lead to lifelong disfigurement and disabilities. It is often treated with drugs and surgery. OBJECTIVES: To summarize the evidence of drug treatments for treating Buruli ulcer. SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group Specialized Regis

Глобальное, региональное и национальное бремя множественной миеломы, 1990 в адрес 2021 и прогнозы 2035:: анализ исследования глобального бремени болезней; 2021.

Предыстория и объективная мультипликативная миелома (ММ) является вторым по распространенности гематологической злокачественности. Цель этого исследования состояла в том, чтобы оценить глобальное бремя множественной миеломы по всему миру. 204 странами и территориями 1990 в адрес 2021Данные для этого исследования были получены из Глобального центра по проблемам заболеваемости (ГБЗ) 2021 набор данных, содержащий всеобъемлющую информацию о глобальном и региональном бремени 369 - болезни, травмы и 88 факторов риска в различных областях 204 странами и территориями 1990 в адрес 2021. Мы проанализиро

Effects of Interventions to Improve Access to Financial Services for Micro, Small, and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: An Evidence and Gap Map.

Micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) account for most firms in most economies, particularly in developing nations, and are key contributors to job creation and global economic development. However, the most significant impediment to MSME development in low- and middle-income countries is a lack of access to both investment and working capital financing. Due to a lack of essential track record, appropriate collateral, and credit history, MSMEs are frequently denied business loans by traditional lending institutions. In addition, MSMEs face institutional, structural, and non-financ