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Is the time right for transplanting immature testicular tissue or cells to restore male fertility? Expert perspectives on clinical implementation of autotransplantation of cryopreserved testicular tissue or cells for fertility restoration.

Transplantations of cryopreserved immature testicular tissue (ITT) or spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) represent promising approaches to restore fertility in patients with testicular tissue or cell suspension cryopreserved for fertility preservation. With over 3000 testicular samples cryopreserved globally, clinically viable and standardized protocols restoring fertility using cryopreserved testicular tissue/cells are urgently needed. Decades of research demonstrate the feasibility of immature testicular tissue transplantation (ITTT) or spermatogonial stem cell transplantation (SSCT) in animal

Bone morphogenetic protein-2-independent bone formation by human iPSC-derived megakaryocytes and platelets.

Bone regeneration (BR) is an ongoing challenge in biomedical research. While recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) is available for clinical use, its side effects remain a concern. Patient-derived platelet-rich plasma has been proposed as an alternative, but its heterogeneity poses a major hurdle to standardization. Here, we evaluated the effectiveness of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived megakaryocytes and platelets (iMPs) and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) as potential BR therapy in a rat lumbar bone graft model. We implanted artificial

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and cellular therapy in persons living with HIV.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Summarize the latest research of both stem cell transplantation and cellular therapy and present the implications with respect to persons with HIV (PWH), hematologic malignancies, and HIV-1 cure. RECENT FINDINGS: Allogeneic (alloSCT) and autologous (autoSCT) stem cell transplantation have been shown to be well tolerated and effective regardless of HIV-1 status. AlloSCT leads to a decrease in the HIV-1 latently infected reservoir orders of magnitude below that achieved with antiretroviral therapy (ART) alone. Utilization of CCR5Δ2/Δ32 donors in an alloSCT has resulted in HIV

Improved efficiency of female germline stem cell purification using fragilis-based magnetic bead sorting.

The enrichment of female germline stem cells (FGSCs) and the establishment of cell lines are influenced by the efficiency of cell purification. A previous study using mouse vasa homolog (MVH)-magnetic bead sorting for the isolation and purification of mouse FGSCs showed a relatively low efficiency. In this study, we tested 3 further proteins with the aim of improving the efficiency of FGSC purification. Immunofluorescence assays and magnetic sorting were performed using short-type pituitary gland and brain-cadherin (Stpb-c), CD9, and interferon-inducible transmembrane protein 3 (Iftm3, Fragili

Iron overload and allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation.

Iron overload is frequently observed in patients with hematologic diseases before and after allogeneic stem-cell transplantation because they usually receive multiple red blood cell transfusions. Elevated pretransplant serum ferritin levels, which are widely used as indicators of body iron status, are significantly associated with a lower overall survival rate and a higher incidence of treatment-related complications; for example, infections and hepatic veno-occlusive disease. As serum ferritin levels are affected, not only by iron loading but also by inflammation, imaging techniques to quanti

A Review of Therapeutic Strategies to Enhance ;Neuroplasticity in Parkinson's Disease: ;Implications for Slowing Disease Progression ;and Promoting Recovery.

BACKGROUND: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterised by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, resulting in motor symptoms such as tremor, rigidity and bradykinesia, along with cognitive impairments. While conventional research has largely focused on pathological degeneration, recent advances highlight the role of neuroplasticity-the brain's ability to reorganise and adapt neural circuits-as a potential mechanism for functional recovery and disease modification. SUMMARY: This review examines therapeutic strateg

Human iPSC-derived 3D cardiac models for cardiomyopathies: organoids, spheroids, and engineered heart tissues as translational platforms.

Cardiomyopathies represent a substantial global health burden, yet progress in developing effective therapies was long constrained by the absence of physiologically relevant human models to understand molecular mechanisms and evaluating interventions. The advent of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology has driven major advances in cardiomyopathy research, although important limitations persist. Current iPSC-based systems exhibit incomplete cellular maturation, lack functional vasculature and chamber level architecture, and possess an immature extracellular matrix. These factors must

Innovative strategies in combating intervertebral disc degeneration: pathological mechanisms and biomaterial advancements.

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a leading cause of chronic low back pain, significantly impacting the quality of life for millions of individuals worldwide. The onset of IVDD is associated with various factors such as age, lifestyle, and genetics, and its pathological mechanisms involve multidimensional interactions, including oxidative stress, inflammation, and extracellular matrix (ECM) metabolic disorders. During degeneration, there is a reduction in the number of nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs), resulting in an imbalance between the synthesis and degradation of the ECM, leading to

Stem Cell-Based Therapies for Parkinson Disease.

Parkinson disease (PD) is a neurological movement disorder resulting primarily from damage to and degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopamine … clinical trials. We focus on the applications of stem cells for the treatment of PD and discuss how stem cell research has contributed to an understanding of PD, predicted the efficacy of novel neuroprotective therapeutics, and highlighted what we believe to be the critical areas for future research.

Advantages and disadvantages of various hydrogel scaffold types: A research to improve the clinical conversion rate of loaded MSCs-Exos hydrogel scaffolds.

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes(MSCs-Exos) offer promising therapeutic potential for a wide range of tissues and organs such as bone/cartilage, nerves, skin, fat, and endocrine organs. In comparison to the application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), MSCs-Exos address critical challenges related to rejection reactions and ethical concerns, positioning themselves as a promising cell-free therapy. As exosomes are extracellular vesicles, their effective delivery necessitates the use of carriers. Consequently, the selection of hydrogel materials as scaffolds for exosome delivery has become

Editorial Commentary: Biologics for Knee Cartilage Regeneration Show Modest Symptom-Reducing Efficacy.

Biologic solutions for articular cartilage degeneration and focal chondral defects show modest symptom-reducing efficacy using bone marrow aspirate concentrate, adipose-derived stem cells, and platelet-rich plasma. However, regrowth of healthy hyaline cartilage within diseased areas remains elusive. Recent research proposes allogenic human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells as another cell-based biologics approach. A benefit of this technique would be the availability of viable "off-the-shelf" undifferentiated cells, obviating the need for bone marrow aspiration or adipose cel

Research progress of tumor-derived extracellular vesicles in the treatment of malignant pleural effusion.

Vesicles, also known as "microparticles", are vesicle-like structures that are released outside the cell in a "sprouting" manner when the cytoskeleton is changed during cell activation or apoptosis, with a diameter of about 100-1000 nm, and are carriers of material information exchange between cells. Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles can effectively deliver drugs to the nucleus of tumor stem cells, thus effectively killing them without toxic side effects. The underlying mechanism involves the soft nature of tumor stem cells that allows better uptake of vesicles, and the entry of drug-carryi

Tuning MPL signaling to influence hematopoietic stem cell differentiation and inhibit essential thrombocythemia progenitors.

Thrombopoietin (TPO) and the TPO-receptor (TPO-R, or c-MPL) are essential for hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) maintenance and megakaryocyte differentiation. Agents that can modulate TPO-R signaling are highly desirable for both basic research and clinical utility. We developed a series of surrogate protein ligands for TPO-R, in the form of diabodies (DBs), that homodimerize TPO-R on the cell surface in geometries that are dictated by the DB receptor binding epitope, in effect "tuning" downstream signaling responses. These surrogate ligands exhibit diverse pharmacological properties, inducing gra

Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Modulate Angiogenesis in Gastric Cancer.

Individualized gastric cancer (GC) treatment aims at providing targeted therapies that translate the latest research into improved management strategies. Extracellular vesicle microRNAs have been proposed as biomarkers for GC prognosis. Helicobacter pylori infection influences the therapeutic response to and the drivers of malignant changes in chronic gastritis. The successful use of transplanted mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for gastric ulcer healing has raised interest in studying their effects on tumor neovascularization and in potential antiangiogenic therapies that could use mesenchymal s

Advances in preclinical hematopoietic stem cell models and possible implications for improving therapeutic transplantation.

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a treatment for many malignant, congenital, and acquired hematologic diseases. Some outstanding challenges in the HSCT field include the paucity of immunologically-matched donors, our inability to effectively expand hematopoeitic stem cells (HSCs) ex vivo, and the high infection risk during engraftment. Scientists are striving to develop protocols to generate, expand, and maintain HSCs ex vivo, however these are not yet ready for clinical application. Given these problems, advancing our understanding of HSC specification, regulation, and differ

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… K.S.P. was supported by American Australian Association Sir Rupert Murdoch Postdoctoral Fellowship and the Einstein Training Program in Stem Cell Research funded by the Empire State Stem Cell Fund through New York State Department of Health Contract C30292GG. …

In vivo bioluminescence imaging monitoring of stem cells' participation in choroidal neovascularization.

BACKGROUND: Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is common in various retinal diseases and is one of the most common causes of severe and irreversible visual loss. Our previous works suggested that bone marrow-derived cells (BMCs) participate in CNV, but little is known about stem cells' dynamic change when injected into mouse CNV. In vivo optical bioluminescence imaging (BLI) is a newly developing technology for dynamically observing biological behavior. Using this technology, we can observe the stem cells' dynamic behavior in CNV, in vivo. METHODS: Two types of BMCs were used: bone marrow mon

Acceptability of Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Based Tissue Engineering for the Treatment of Periodontitis: A Qualitative Study in France.

INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: Periodontitis, the main cause of tooth loss in adults, is a public health concern; its incidence increases with age, and its prevalence increases with increasing life expectancy of the population. Innovative therapies such as cell therapy represent promising future solutions for guided tissue regeneration. However, these therapies may be associated with fears and mistrust from the general public. The aim of this study was to estimate the acceptability of an advanced therapy medicinal product combining allogeneic mesenchymal stromal cells from adipose tissue with a natura

The therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells and their extracellular vesicles in the treatment of diverse skin diseases.

This review presents the current knowledge on the potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the treatment of various skin diseases such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, systemic sclerosis, graft-versus-host disease, alopecia areata, and systemic lupus erythematosus. MSCs can modulate the immune response and release growth factors and cytokines that promote tissue regeneration and healing and reduce inflammation. In turn, EVs' ability to transport various biological molecules, including microRNAs (miRNAs), makes them potential thera

Targeting the BMX in cancer: molecular mechanisms and emerging therapeutic strategies.

Bone Marrow Tyrosine Kinase on Chromosome X (BMX), also known as epithelial/endothelial cell kinase (ETK), is a core member of the Tec family of non-receptor tyrosine kinases. Structurally, BMX kinase contains an N-terminal PH domain, a BH domain, a SH2 domain, a SH3 domain and a C-terminal catalytic tyrosine kinase domain. This distinctive modular architecture enables BMX to engage in diverse cellular signalling cascades. It has been reported that BMX is highly expressed and plays an oncogenic role in various cancers. In this paper, we mainly explore the function and mechanism of BMX in tumou

Advanced biotherapy for the treatment of sulfur mustard poisoning.

CONTEXT: Sulfur mustard (SM), a bifunctional alkylating agent, can react with a variety of biochemical molecules (DNA, RNA, proteins and other cell components) to cause a series of serious health issues or even death. Although a plethora of research has been done, the pathogenesis of SM poisoning has yet to be fully understood due to its high complexity. As a consequence, a specific antidote has not yet been developed and the treatment of SM poisoning remains a medical challenge. In recent years, various biological products and cell transplantation in the treatment of SM poisoning offered a si