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Резюме: 31 Европейский конгресс патологии.

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… Kojima 6 1 Department of Pathology, Regional Specialist Hospital, Wrocław, Poland, 2 Department of Pathology, Charles University, Medical Faculty and Charles University Hospital Plzen, Czech Republic, 3 Clinical Department of Pathology and Cytology "Ljudevit Jurak", University Hospital Centre Sestre … Wang 5 1 Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan, 2 Department of Pathology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taiwan, 3 Department of Pathology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan, 4 Department of Pathology, Shuang Ho Hospital …

Vascular Pathology and Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review.

OBJECTIVE: Vascular pathology (changes in blood vessels) and osteoarthritis (OA) are both common chronic conditions associated with aging and obesity, but whether vascular pathology is a risk factor for OA is unclear. The aim of this study was to systematically review the evidence for an association between vascular pathology and risk of joint-specific OA. METHODS: Scopus, Ovid Medline, and EMBASE were searched from inception to February 2019. MeSH terms and keywords were used to identify studies examining the association between vascular pathology and OA. Two reviewers independently extracte…

Classification of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: pathology perspectives.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) are rare diseases with heterogenous clinicopathological features. In recent years, new classification systems considering various combinations of clinical, serological, and pathological information have been proposed. This review summarizes recent clinicoseropathological development in major subgroups of IIM. RECENT FINDINGS: Considering clinicoseropathological features, IIM are suggestively classified into four major subgroups: dermatomyositis, immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM), antisynthetase syndrome (ASS), and inclusion

Immunodeficiency associated with tumour pathology: Good's syndrome.

The Good's syndrome (GS) is a low prevalence entity where thymoma often is associated with immunodeficiency. Patients may start presenting recurrent rhinosinusal infections, bronchopulmonary infections, haematological alterations and diarrhoea, secondary to immunodeficiency. They can also present respiratory symptoms and parathymic syndromes derived from the existence of thymoma, a slow-growing neoplasm located in the anterior mediastinum. We present the case of a 76-year-old man diagnosed with thymoma by image analysis, which had presented multiple episodes of pneumonia and two admissions to

The history of urologic pathology: an overview.

This article begins with the testis and a legendary figure, Sir Astley Cooper, who wrote an early text on the organ. The early 20th century saw the first major development, the description of the seminoma by the French investigator Maurice Chevassu, but the pace of knowledge did not accelerate until after World War II with a major article from the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP) by Nathan B. Friedman and Robert A. Moore, soon followed by the first series testis fascicle by Frank J. Dixon and Moore. Other noteworthy contributions were made by two masters of gonadal pathology, Gunnar …

Intracranial Aneurysms: Pathology, Genetics, and Molecular Mechanisms.

Intracranial aneurysms (IA) are local dilatations in cerebral arteries that predominantly affect the circle of Willis. Occurring in approximately 2-5% of adults, these weakened areas are susceptible to rupture, leading to subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), a type of hemorrhagic stroke. Due to its early age of onset and poor prognosis, SAH accounts for > 25% of years lost for all stroke victims under the age of 65. In this review, we describe the cerebrovascular pathology associated with intracranial aneurysms. To understand IA genetics, we summarize syndromes with elevated incidence, genome-wide a…

Challenges in surgical pathology of adrenocortical tumours.

Adrenocortical carcinomas are rare tumours that can be diagnostically challenging. Numerous multiparametric scoring systems and diagnostic algorithms have been proposed to differentiate adrenocortical adenoma from adrenocortical carcinoma. Adrenocortical neoplasms must also be differentiated from other primary adrenal tumours, such as phaeochromocytoma and unusual primary adrenal tumours, as well as metastases to the adrenal gland. Myxoid, oncocytic and sarcomatoid variants of adrenocortical tumours must be recognized so that they are not confused with other tumours. The diagnostic criteria fo

Anti-ganglioside Antibodies in Peripheral Nerve Pathology.

Anti-ganglioside antibodies are principally associated with autoimmune peripheral neuropathies. In these disorders, immune attack is inadvertently directed at peripheral nerve by autoantibodies that target glycan structures borne by glycolipids, particularly gangliosides concentrated in nerve myelin and axons. The most thoroughly studied disorder is the acute paralytic disease, Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) in which IgG autoantibodies against gangliosides arise following acute infections, notably Campylobacter jejuni enteritis. Additionally, chronic autoimmune neuropathies are associated with

Retroperitoneal Leiomyosarcoma From the Radiologic Pathology Archives.

Leiomyosarcoma is a malignant neoplasm that shows smooth muscle differentiation. It is the second most common sarcoma to affect the retroper … multimodality imaging appearances of retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma using cases from the Radiologic Pathology Archives of the American Institute for Radiologic Pathology. The authors review important differential considerations of retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma, focusing on the extravascular pattern of growth, and emphasize clinical and imaging features tha …

Pathology of idiopathic non-cirrhotic portal hypertension.

Idiopathic non-cirrhotic portal hypertension is an under-recognized vascular liver disease of unknown etiology, characterized by clinical signs of portal hypertension in the absence of cirrhosis. By definition, any disorder known to cause portal hypertension in the absence of cirrhosis and any cause of chronic liver disease must be excluded to make a diagnosis of idiopathic non-cirrhotic portal hypertension. However, the diagnosis is often difficult because the disease resembles cirrhosis and there is no gold standard test. Liver biopsy is an essential tool: it is able to exclude cirrhosis and

Mesoamerican nephropathy: pathology in search of etiology.

Mesoamerican nephropathy is a progressive, often fatal form of tubulointerstitial nephritis affecting young agricultural laborers in Central America. Initially described as a chronic disease, a study by Fischer and coworkers in this issue of Kidney International suggests that Mesoamerican nephropathy goes through an active, inflammatory phase. Although the pathologic findings are nonspecific and the etiology of Mesoamerican nephropathy remains unclear, inflammatory infiltrates in areas of evolving and established interstitial fibrosis appear to cause progressive kidney injury.

[Mixed dementia: the role of cerebrovascular pathology].

Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia are two most common causes of dementia in late life. The combination of Alzheimer's type dementia and vascular dementia is the third most common form of dementia, especially in the elderly. Most clinical forms of dementia are characterized by the presence of 'overlap' symptoms of both neurodegenerative and vascular pathology, which makes it expedient to consider mixed dementia as a separate entity characterized by clinical presentations, course and the rate of progression of cognitive decline. Despite the lack of clinical guidelines for management of p…

Involvement of neutrophils in Chagas disease pathology.

Chagas disease (CD) is a public health problem in Latin America. The acute phase presents nonspecific symptoms and most patients recover fro … ve attempted to understand the role of inflammatory cells, such as neutrophils, in establishing the pathology and progression of CD. Only recently have some studies been performed with this intention. Despite this effort, the role of neutrophils in CD is still considered controversial. This review discusses the morphological and functional characteristics o …

[The autoimmune rheumatic disease and laryngeal pathology].

Vocal disorders make up one of the autoimmune pathological conditions characterized by multiple organ system dysfunction. Laryngeal pathology in this condition has an autoimmune nature; it is highly diverse and poorly explored. The objective of the present work based on the analysis of the relevant literature publications was to study clinical manifestations of the autoimmune rheumatic disease affecting the larynx. 'Bamboo nodes' on the vocal folds is a rare manifestation of laryngeal autoimmune diseases. We found out references to 49 cases of this condition in the available literature. All th…

Benign and malignant pathology of the uterus.

The diagnosis of a uterine myoma size and location can be very precise when a 3D sonograph and knowledge are available. The majority of fibroids are asymptomatic, and expectant management is recommended. In young patients, fibroids cause infertility and in middle-aged women, abnormal uterine bleedings. Laparoscopic myomectomy is the preferred way of surgery for IM and SS fibroids, versus hysteroscopy for SM fibroids. In both cases, the size, number of fibroids and the surgeon's experience determine the limitations of the MIGS. Medical treatments provide only temporary tumor reduction and sympt

Pathology and genetics of hereditary colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) accounts for over 8% of all deaths annually worldwide. Between 2 and 5% of all CRCs occur due to inherited syndromes, including Lynch syndrome, familial adenomatous polyposis, MUTYH-associated polyposis, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, juvenile polyposis and Cowden/PTEN hamartoma syndrome. In addition, serrated polyposis is a clinically defined condition characterised by multiple colorectal serrated polyps and an increased risk of CRC but the genetics are not known. In most hereditary CRC syndromes, polyps undergo carcinogenesis, but the exact route to carcinoma seems to differ