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Boron Chemicals in Drug Discovery and Development: Synthesis and Medicinal Perspective.

A standard goal of medicinal chemists has been to discover efficient and potent drug candidates with specific enzyme-inhibitor abilities. In this regard, boron-based bioactive compounds have provided amphiphilic properties to facilitate interaction with protein targets. Indeed, the spectrum of boron-based entities as drug candidates against many diseases has grown tremendously since the first clinically tested boron-based drug, Velcade. In this review, we collectively represent the current boron-containing drug candidates, boron-containing retinoids, benzoxaboroles, aminoboronic acid, carboran

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… The synthesized compounds were screened against enzyme TEM-1 and AmpC from Enterobacter cloacae P99 and showed promising broad-spectrum inhibitory activity. … Compound 68 restored antibacterial activity of ceftazidime against Enterobacter cloacae P99-expressing AmpC, a class C β-lactamase enzyme. Scheme 19 Benzoxaboroles as a new class of β-lactamase inhibitors. …

Abstracts from the 13th International Conference for Healthcare and Medical Students (ICHAMS).

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… Cloacae Complex, in the context of neonatal infections. … We recommend investing in enhancing clinical laboratories' capabilities to accurately subtype Enterobacter Cloacae complex subtypes, as this can significantly aid in prognosis and outbreak management related to Enterobacter bugandensis. …

Bloodstream Infections in Hematologic Malignancy Patients With Fever and Neutropenia: Are Empirical Antibiotic Therapies in the United States Still Effective?

BackgroundRising antimicrobial resistance rates may impact the efficacy of empirical antibiotic treatment for febrile neutropenia in high-risk cancer patients. Lacking contemporary data about the epidemiology, antibiotic resistance patterns, and clinical outcomes from bloodstream infections (BSIs) in US cancer patients, it is unclear if current guidelines remain relevant.MethodsIn a cross-sectional study, 14 US cancer centers prospectively identified BSIs in high-risk febrile neutropenic (FN) patients, including those receiving chemotherapy for hematologic malignancies or hematopoietic stem ce

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… . | 34 (9) Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 28 (7) Enterobacter cloacae | 20 (5) Stenotrophomonas | 3 (1) Other Enterobacterales a | 5 (1) Other gram-negative b | 7 (2) Gram-positive organisms | 189 (49) Viridans group streptococci | 92 (24) Staphylococcus aureus | 33 (8) Oxacillin-resistant | 18 (5) Oxacillin-susceptible …

Nonrestrictive diet does not increase infections during post-HSCT neutropenia: data from a multicenter randomized trial.

Infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality during neutropenia after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The use of a low-microbial protective diet (PD) in the peritransplantation period is a standard of care, although its efficacy has never been tested prospectively. We conducted a multicenter, randomized, noninferiority trial, enrolling all consecutive adult patients undergoing high-dose induction chemotherapy or HSCT with the objective to compare nonrestrictive diet (NRD) vs PD. Overall, 222 patients were enrolled, randomly assigned, and analyzed. One hundred seventy

Are patients with cancer with sepsis and bacteraemia at a higher risk of mortality? A retrospective chart review of patients presenting to a tertiary care centre in Lebanon.

ObjectiveMost sepsis studies have looked at the general population. The aim of this study is to report on the characteristics, treatment and hospital mortality of patients with cancer diagnosed with sepsis or septic shock.SettingA single-centre retrospective study at a tertiary care centre looking at patients with cancer who presented to our tertiary hospital with sepsis, septic shock or bacteraemia between 2010 and 2015.Participants176 patients with cancer were compared with 176 cancer-free controls.Primary and secondary outcomesThe primary outcome of this study was the in hospital mortality

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… †Others included: Bacteroides fragilis , Candida albicans , Citrobacter , Diphteroids spp., Enterobacter cloacae , Haemophilus influenzae (type B), Haemophilus parainfluenzae , Legionella pneumophila , Leuconostoc , Morganella morgani , Peptococcus spp., Providncia stuartii , Serratia marsescens , Stenotrophomonas …

Host impairments in patients with neoplastic diseases.

Healthy individuals possess an immune system comprising physical barriers, innate and acquired immunity as well as the indigenous microflora that populate the body surfaces. The immune system maintains constant vigilance over the body at the cellular level as well as at the interface between the host integument and the resident microflora. However, neoplastic diseases and their treatment often lead to impaired immunity resulting in an increased risk of infections due to viruses, bacteria, fungi, and protozoa. This chapter explores the various aspects of host impairment focusing on the componen

Sulopenem: An Intravenous and Oral Penem for the Treatment of Urinary Tract Infections Due to Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria.

Sulopenem (formerly known as CP-70,429, and CP-65,207 when a component of a racemic mixture with its R isomer) is an intravenous and oral pe … models. Studied pathogens included Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, B. fragilis, Citrobacter freundii, Enterobacter cloacae, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris, and Serratia marcescens. These studies reported that overall, sulopenem was non-inferior to carbapenems but appeared to be superior to cephalosporins. A phase III clinical trial (SURE-1) reported that sulop …

Corticosteroid Therapy for Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage with Respiratory Failure in Hematologic Malignancies: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

BackgroundAlthough DAH in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients is commonly treated with systemic corticosteroids, the efficacy of steroid therapy on DAH with respiratory failure in hematologic malignancy patients has not been studied. We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of steroid therapy in hematologic malignancy patients who developed DAH with respiratory failure and required treatment in the intensive care unit (ICU).MethodsAmong DAH patients with leukemia, lymphoma, or multiple myeloma, those who were not admitted to the ICU were excluded. Included patients were classif

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… Half the study patients (n = 22) had at least one positive result on microbiological tests with BAL fluid: bacteria in 7 patients ( Acinetobacter baumannii [n = 2], Enterobacter cloacae [n = 1], Legionella pneumophila [n = 1], non-tuberculous mycobacterium [n = 1], Staphylococcus aureus [n = 1], Stenotropomonas …

Clinical and Genomic Epidemiology of Carbapenem-Nonsusceptible Citrobacter spp. at a Tertiary Health Care Center over 2 Decades.

Carbapenem-nonsusceptible Citrobacter spp. (CNSC) are increasingly recognized as health care-associated pathogens. Information regarding their clinical epidemiology, genetic diversity, and mechanisms of carbapenem resistance is lacking. We examined microbiology records of adult patients at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UMPC) Presbyterian Hospital (PUH) from 2000 to 2018 for CNSC, as defined by ertapenem nonsusceptibility. Over this time frame, the proportion of CNSC increased from 4% to 10% (P = 0.03), as did daily defined carbapenem doses/1,000 patient days (6.52 to 34.5; R2 =

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… Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloacae in patients from the US Veterans Health Administration, 2006–2015. Emerg Infect Dis 23:878–880. doi: 10.3201/eid2305.162034. 9. Jiménez A, Castro JG, Munoz-Price LS, de Pascale D, Shimose L, Mustapha MM, Spychala CN, Mettus RT, Cooper VS, Doi Y. 2017. …

A high angiopoietin-2/angiopoietin-1 ratio is associated with a high risk of septic shock in patients with febrile neutropenia.

IntroductionEndothelial barrier breakdown is a hallmark of septic shock, and proteins that physiologically regulate endothelial barrier integrity are emerging as promising biomarkers of septic shock development. Patients with cancer and febrile neutropenia (FN) present a higher risk of sepsis complications, such as septic shock. Nonetheless, these patients are normally excluded or under-represented in sepsis biomarker studies. The aim of our study was to validate the measurement of a panel of microvascular permeability modulators as biomarkers of septic shock development in cancer patients wit

Risk Factors for Serious Hypotension Induced by Intravenous Acetaminophen in Patients With Hematologic Malignancy.

PURPOSE: Owing to their rapid antipyretic effects and predictable pharmacokinetic properties, acetaminophen (AAP) are commonly administered intravenously to severely ill patients. However, the potential development of hypotension as a consequence of intravenous AAP administration has not been thoroughly addressed. In this study, we aimed to identify the risk factors associated with the occurrence of serious hypotension following intravenous AAP administration during fever in patients with hematologic malignancies. METHODS: This retrospective study included hospitalized patients in the hemato-

Роль питания и кишечного микробиома в развитии множественной миеломы и ее болезней-прекурсоров.

Множественная миелома (ММ) — вторая по распространенности гематологическая гелингология, характеризующаяся нерегулируемым моноклонным распространением в костном мозге. Моноклональная гаммопатия неопределённого значения (MMUS) и мрачная миелома (SMM) являются предмалярными условиями, которые могут развиваться до MM. Определение факторов этиологического риска для ММ и его болезней-прекурсоров имеет решающее значение для профилактики. Ожирение, питание, уровень витамина D и изменение кишечного микробиота были определены в качестве факторов образа жизни, влияющих на риск MM и MGUS. При возникновен

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… Eleven opportunistic pathogens ( Raoultella ornithinolytica, Citrobacter freundii, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella aerogenes, Klebsiella variicola, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus gordonii, Streptococcus mitis, and Streptococcus pneumoniae ) were …

Antibiotic Prophylaxis or Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor Support in Multiple Myeloma Patients Undergoing Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation.

We compare, in this manuscript, antibiotic prophylaxis versus granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) support as anti-infective strategies, in patients with multiple myeloma (MM), undergoing high-dose therapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (HDT/ASCT). At our institution, antibiotic prophylaxis after HDT/ASCT in MM was stopped in January 2017 and replaced by G-CSF support in March 2017. Consecutive MM patients who received HDT/ASCT between March 2016 and July 2018 were included in this single-center retrospective analysis. In total, 298 patients and 353 individual cases

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… Three Gram-negative bacteria with combined resistance to third-generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones and one carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloacae were detected. …

Infectious complications distribution following CLL1 CAR-T cell therapy for acute myeloid leukemiass.

The CLL1-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy offers a novel therapeutic approach for refractory or relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (AML).The targeted elimination of tumor cells by CLL1 CAR-T therapy also induces cytotoxic effects on neutrophils, leading to a severe granulocytopenia, thereby significantly increasing the risk of infectious complications during CAR-T therapy. However, the infectious complications associated with this strategy have not been comprehensively investigated. The objective of this study was to evaluate the incidence rate of infectious complications

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… Among the identified pathogens, there were 25 cases of Gram-negative bacteria (including Acinetobacter baumannii [ n = 6], Enterobacter cloacae [ n = 1], Pseudomonas aeruginosa [ n = 4], Klebsiella pneumoniae [ n = 5], Proteus mirabilis [ n = 2], Escherichia coli [ n = 2], and Smmaltophilia [ n = 5]) …

A multicenter prospective study of 515 febrile neutropenia episodes in Argentina during a 5-year period.

For better management of patients with febrile neutropenia, our study investigated the epidemiologic, microbiologic, and clinical characteristics of adult inpatients with febrile neutropenia and their mortality-associated factors. To this end, we carried out a prospective, observational, multicenter study in 28 Argentinian hospitals between 2007 and 2012. We included 515 episodes of febrile neutropenia from 346 patients, median age 49 years. Neutropenia followed chemotherapy in 77% of cases, half of the cases due to hematological malignancies. Most episodes were classified as high-risk accordi

Potential Novel Biomarkers in Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease.

Prognostic, diagnostic or predictive biomarkers are urgently needed for assessment of chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGvHD), a major risk for patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The main goal of this review generated within the COST Action EUROGRAFT "Integrated European Network on Chronic Graft Versus Host Disease" was to identify potential novel biomarkers for cGvHD besides the widely accepted molecular and cellular biomarkers. Thus, the focus was on cellular biomarkers, alloantibodies, glycomics, endothelial derived particles, extracellular vesicles, m

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… Pathogenic bacteria such as α-hemolitic Streptococcus , Haemophilus influenza , and Enterobacter cloacae were also detected more frequently in patients suffering from ocular cGvHD. These results suggest that alternations of microbes may be involved in the pathogenic process of ocular cGvHD ( 121 ). …

Intestinal Microbes and Hematological Malignancies.

Hematological malignancies are diverse, with high malignancy characteristics, poor prognoses, and high mortality rates. The development of hematological malignancies is driven by genetic factors, tumor microenvironment factors, or metabolic factors; however, even when considering all of these factors, one still cannot fully estimate the risk of hematological malignancies. Several recent studies have demonstrated an intimate connection between intestinal microbes and the progression of hematological malignancies, and gut microbes play a primary role in the initiation and progression of hematolo

Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria Decolonization in Immunocompromised Patients: A Focus on Fecal Microbiota Transplantation.

Antimicrobial resistance is an important issue for global health; in immunocompromised patients, such as solid organ and hematological transplant recipients, it poses an even bigger threat. Colonization by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria was acknowledged as a strong risk factor to subsequent infections, especially in individuals with a compromised immune system. A growing pile of studies has linked the imbalance caused by the dominance of certain taxa populating the gut, also known as intestinal microbiota dysbiosis, to an increased risk of MDR bacteria colonization. Several attempts were p

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… The MDR bacteria colonizations encompassed in the study were carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae , ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae , and E. coli , carbapenemase-producing P. aeruginosa , carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloacae , and VRE. …

Клинические характеристики, эмпирическая антибиотическая адекватность и результаты грам-позитивной гравитации-негативной бактерии у пациентов отделения скорой помощи с сепсисом.

Предыстория и цели: Бактеремия связана с худшими результатами в области сепсиса, однако сравнительных данных между " Грам-позитивной бактерией " (ГБ) и " Грам-негативной бактерией " (ГН) по-прежнему недостаточно. Мы сравнили клинические характеристики, эмпирическую антибиотичность и результаты GPB и GNB у пациентов скорой помощи (ЭД) с сепсисом. Материалы и методы: Мы ретроспективно изучали пациентов, получивших медицинскую помощь Sepsis-3 критерии с подтвержденным культурой ГПБ или ГНБ с декабря 2021 по август 2024. Главным результатом стало 28-day Смертность. Включены вто

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… Other isolates included Klebsiella pneumoniae (23.7%), Proteus mirabilis (4.8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2.5%), and Enterobacter cloacae (1.8%) ( Figure 3 B). 3.3. …

Pharmacomicrobiomics in precision cancer therapy: bench to bedside.

The burgeoning field of pharmacomicrobiomics offers promising insights into the intricate interplay between the microbiome and cancer, shaping responses to diverse treatment modalities. This review aims to analyze the molecular mechanisms underlying interactions between distinct microbiota types and cancer, as well as their influence on treatment outcomes. We explore how the microbiome impacts antitumor immunity, and response to chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiation therapy, unveiling its multifaceted roles in cancer progression and therapy resistance. Moreover, we discuss the challenges

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… . - The abundance of Escherichia coli CadA and also Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae and Hafnia alvei LdcC DNA slightly decreased in BC patients. The decline in CadA and LdcC abundance was notably more significant in clinical stage 0 patients as compared to the pool of all patients. …